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本课程起止时间为:2021-03-01到2021-06-18
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Lesson 1 Quiz 1： Dealing with Unfamiliar Words

1、 问题: Night Watch Roy Popkin1 The story began on a downtown Brooklyn street corner. An elderly man had collapsed while crossing the street, and an ambulance rushed him to Kings County Hospital. There, during his few returns to consciousness, the man repeatedly called for his son.2 From a smudged, often-read letter, an emergency-room nurse learned that the son was a Marine stationed in North Carolina. Apparently, there were no other relatives.3 Someone at the hospital called the Red Cross office in Brooklyn, and a request for the boy to rush to Brooklyn was relayed to the Red Cross director of the North Carolina Marine Corps camp. Because time was short—the patient was dying—the Red Cross man and an officer set out in a jeep. They located the sought-after young man wading through marshy boondocks on maneuvers. He was rushed to the airport in time to catch the one plane that might enable him to reach his dying father.4 It was mid-evening when the young Marine walked into the entrance lobby of Kings County Hospital. A nurse took the tired, anxious serviceman to the bedside.5 “your son is here,” she said to the old man. She had to repeat the words several times before the patient’s eyes opened. Heavily sedated because of the pain of his heart attack, he dimly saw the young man in the Marine Corps uniform standing outside the oxygen tent. He reached out his hand. The Marine wrapped his toughened fingers around the old man’s limp ones, squeezing a message of love and encouragement. The nurse brought a chair, so the Marine could sit alongside the bed.6 Nights are long in hospitals, but all through the night the young Marine sat there in the poorly lighted ward, holding the old man’s hand and offering words of hope and strength. Occasionally, the nurse suggested that the Marine move away and rest a while. He refused.7 Whenever the nurse came into the ward, the Marine was there. His full attention was on the dying man, and he was oblivious of her and of the night noises of the hospital—the clanking of the oxygen tank, the laughter of nigh-staff members exchanging greetings, the cries and moans and snores of other patients. Now and then she heard him say a few gentle words, only held tightly to his son through most of the night.8 Along toward dawn, the patient died. The Marine placed on the bed the lifeless hand he had been holding, and went to tell the nurse. While she did what she had to do, he relaxed—for the first time since he got to the hospital.9 Finally, she returned to the nurse’s station, where he was waiting. She started to offer words of condolence for his loss, but the Marine interrupted her. “who was that man?” he asked.10 “ he was your father.” She answered, startled.11 “no, he wasn’t,” the Marine replied. “ I never saw him before in my life.”12 “why didn’t you say something when I took you to him?” the nurse asked.13 “ I knew right off there’d been a mistake, but I also knew he needed his son, and his son just wasn’t here. When I realized he was too sick to tell whether or not I was his son, I figured he really needed me. So I stayed.14 With that, the Marine turned and left the hospital. Two days later a routine message came in from the North Carolina Marine Corps base informing the Brooklyn Red Cross that the real son was on his way to Brooklyn for his father’s funeral. It turned out there had been two Marines with the same name and similar serial numbers in the camp. Someone in the personnel office had pulled out the wrong record.15 But the wrong Marine had become the right son at the right time. And he proved, in a uniquely human way, that there are people who care what happens to their fellow human beings. Use context clues to help you decide on the best definition for each italicized word. Then, on the answer line, write the letter of each choice.1. In the sentence below, the word relayed means ______“Someone at the hospital called the Red Cross office in Brooklyn, and a request for the boy to rush to Brooklyn was relayed to the Red Cross director of the North Carolina Marine Corps camp.” (Para.3)
选项：
A:hidden.
B:passed along.
C:made a gift.
D:ignored.
答案: 【passed along. 】

2、 问题:In the sentence below, the words enable him means ______“He was rushed to the airport in time to catch the one plane that might enable him to reach his dying father.” (Para.3)
选项：
A:stop him.
B:encourage him.
C:know him.
D:make him able.
答案: 【make him able.】

3、 问题:In the excerpt below, the word sedated means ______“your son is here,” she said to the old man. She had to repeat the words several times before the patient’s eyes opened. Heavily sedated because of the pain of his heart attack, he dimly saw the young man…(Para.5)
选项：
A:spoken loudly.
B:wide awake.
C:armed.
D:drugged with a pain reliever.
答案: 【drugged with a pain reliever.】

4、 问题: In the excerpt below, the word dimly means ______“She had to repeat the words several times before the patient’s eyes opened. Heavily sedated because of the pain of his heart attack, he dimly saw the young man in the Marine Corps uniform standing outside the oxygen tent.” (Para.5)
选项：
A:clearly.
B: unclearly.
C:rarely.
D:often.
答案: 【 unclearly. 】

5、 问题: In the sentence below, the word limp means ______“The Marine wrapped his toughened fingers around the old man’s limp ones, squeezing a message of love and encouragement.” (Para.5)
选项：
A:Lacking firmness and strength.
B:Equally tough.
C: Long.
D: Bleeding.
答案: 【Lacking firmness and strength.】

6、 问题: A clue to the meaning of limp in the sentence above is the antonym ______
选项：
A:Toughened.
B: old.
C:message.
D:love.
答案: 【Toughened. 】

7、 问题: In the excerpt below, the word oblivious means ______“Whenever the nurse came into the ward, the Marine was there. His full attention was on the dying man, and he was oblivious of her and of the night noises of the hospital…” (Para.7)
选项：
A:mindful.
B: bothered.
C:unaware.
D:informed.
答案: 【unaware.】

8、 问题: In the excerpt below, the word condolence means ______“She started to offer words of condolence for his loss,” (Para.9)
选项：
A:excuse.
B:bitterness.
C:surprise.
D:sympathy.
答案: 【sympathy.】

9、 问题:In the excerpt below, the word startled means ______“who was that man?” he asked.“he was your father.” She answered, startled. (Para.9-10)
选项：
A:Very pleased.
B:with admiration.
C:angry.
D:surprised.
答案: 【surprised.】

10、 问题:In the sentence below, the words uniquely human mean _____“And he proved, in a uniquely human way, that there are people who care what happens to their fellow human beings.” (Para.15)
选项：
A:Impossible for humans.
B: Scary to humans.
C: Done only by humans.
D: Sudden by human standards.
答案: 【 Done only by humans.】

Lesson 2 Test 2 Identifying Main ideas

1、 问题:Here is a chance to apply your understanding of main ideas to a full-length selection. Read the article below, and then answer the questions on main ideas that follow. There are also questions to help you continue practicing the skill of understanding vocabulary in context.Here’s To Your Health Joan Dunayer1 As the only freshman on his high school’s varsity wrestling team, Tod was anxious to fit in with his older teammates. One night after a match, he was offered a tequila bottle on the ride home. Tod felt he had to accept, or he would seem like a sissy. He took a swallow, and every time the bottle was passed back to him, he took another swallow. After seven swallows, he passed out. His terrified teammates carried him into his home, and his mother then rushed him to the hospital. After his stomach was pumped, Tod learned that his blood alcohol level had been so high that he was lucky not to be in a coma or dead.2 Unfortunately, drinking is not unusual among high-school students or, for matter matter, in any segment of our society. And that’s no accident. There are numerous influences in our society urging people to drink, not the least of which is advertising. Who can recall a televised baseball or basketball game without a beer commercial? Furthermore, alcohol ads appear with pounding frequency in magazines, on billboards, and in college newspapers. According to industry estimates, brewers spend more than $600 million a year on radio and TV commercials and another $90 million on print ads. In addition, the liquor industry spends about $230 million a year on print advertising, and since 1966 it has greatly expanded its presence on cable and independent broadcast stations. Just recently, NBC became the first network station to accept hard liquor ads for broadcast.3 To top it all off, this aggressive advertising of alcohol promotes a harmful myth about drinking.4 Part of the myth is that liquor signals professional success. In a slick men’s magazine, one full-page ad for Scotch whiskey shows two men seated in an elegant restaurant. Both are in their thirties, perfectly groomed, and wearing expensive-looking gray suits. The windows are draped with velvet, the table with spotless white linen. Each placesetting consists of a long-stemmed water goblet, silver utensils, and thick silver plates. On each plate is a half-empty cocktail glass. The two men are grinning and shaking hands, as if they’ve just concluded a business deal. The caption reads, “ the taste of success,”5 Contrary to what the liquor company would have us believe, drinking is more closely related to lack of success than to achievement. Among students, the heaviest drinkers have the lowest grades. In the work force, alcoholics are frequently late or absent, tend to perform poorly, and often get fired. Although alcohol abuse occurs in all economic classes, it remains most prevalent among the poor.6 Another part of the alcohol myth is that drinking makes you more attractive to the opposite sex. “Hot, hot, hot,” one commercial’s soundtrack begins, as the camera scans a crowd of college-age beachgoers. Next it follows the curve of a woman’s leg up to her bare hip and lingers there. She is young, beautiful, wearing a bikini. A young guy, carrying an ice chest, positions himself near to where she sits. He is tan, muscular. She doesn’t show much interest—until he opens the chest and takes out a beer. Now she smiles over at him. He raises his eyebrows and, invitingly, holds up another can. She joins him. This beer, the song concludes, “ attracts like no other.”7 Beer doesn’t make anyone sexier. Like all alcohol, it lowers the level of male hormones in men and of female hormones in women—even when taken in small amounts. In substantial amounts, alcohol can cause infertility in women and impotence in men. Some alcoholic men even develop enlarged breasts.8 The alcohol myth also creates the illusion that beer and athletics are a perfect combination. One billboard features three high-action images: a sprinter running at top speed, a surfer riding a wave, and a basketball player leaping to make a dunk shot. A particular light beer, the billboard promises, “ won’t slow you down.”9 “slow you down” is exactly what alcohol does. Drinking plays a role in over six million injuries each year—not counting automobile accidents. Even in small amounts, alcohol dulls the brain, reducing muscle coordination and slowing reaction time. It also interferes with the ability to focus the eyes and adjust to a sudden change in brightness—such as the flash of a car’s headlights. Drinking and driving, responsible for over half of all automobile deaths, is the leading cause of death among teenagers. Continued alcohol abuse can physically change the brain, permanently impairing learning and memory. Long-term drinking is related to malnutrition, weakening of the bones, and ulcers. It increases the risk of liver failure, heart disease, and stomach cancer.10 Finally, according to the myth, alcohol is the magic ingredient that generates social success. Hundreds of TV and radio ads have echoed this message in recent years. In one commercial, for instance, an overweight man sits alone in his drab living room. He reaches into a cooler, pulls out a bottle of beer, and twists off the bottle cap. Instantly dance music erupts, and dozens of attractive young adults appear in a shower of party streamers and confetti. “where the party begins,” a voice says. The once lonely man, now a popular guy with lots of male and female friends, has found the answer to his social problems—beer.11 Relationships based on alcohol are unlikely to lead to social success and true friendships. Indeed, studies show that when alcohol becomes the center of a social gathering, it may lead to public drunkenness and violence. The ad’s image of the man’s new friends ignores an undeniable reality: that alcohol ruins—not creates—relationships. In addition to fighting and simple assault, drinking is linked to two-thirds of domestic violence incidents. Rather than leading to healthy social connections, alcohol leads to loneliness, despair, and mental illness. Over a fourth of the patients in state and county mental hospitals have alcohol problems; more than half of all violent crimes are alcohol-related; the rate of suicide among alcoholics is fifteen times higher than among the general population.12 Advertisers would have us believe the myth that alcohol is part of being successful, sexy, healthy, and happy; but those who have suffered from it—directly or indirectly—know otherwise. For alcohol’s victims, “here’s to your health” rings with a terrible irony when it is accompanied by the clink of liquor glasses. In the excerpt below, the word caption means______“In a slick men’s magazine, one full-page ad for Scotch whiskey shows two men seated in an elegant restaurant. Both are in their thirties, perfectly groomed, and wearing expensive-looking gray suits. …The two men are grinning and shaking hands, as if they’ve just concluded a business deal. The caption reads, “ the taste of success,” (Para.4)
选项：
A:man.
B: menu.
C:contract that seals the business deal.
D:words accompanying the picture.
答案: 【words accompanying the picture.】

2、 问题: In the sentence below, the word prevalent means ______“Although alcohol abuse occurs in all economic classes, it remains most prevalent among the poor.” (Para.5)
选项：
A:weak.
B:colorful.
C:widespread.
D:inexpensive.
答案: 【widespread.】

3、 问题:In the excerpt below, the word substantial means ______“Like all alcohol, it lowers the level of male hormones in men and of female hormones in women—even when taken in small amounts. In substantial amounts, alcohol can cause infertility in women and impotence in men. Some alcoholic men even develop enlarged breasts.” (Para.7)
选项：
A:large.
B:reasonable.
C:weak.
D:pleasing
答案: 【large.】

4、 问题: In the sentence below, the word impairing means ______“Continued alcohol abuse can physically change the brain, permanently impairing learning and memory.” (Para.9)
选项：
A:damaging.
B:doubling.
C:postponing.
D:teaching.
答案: 【damaging.】

5、 问题:In the sentence below, the word generates means ______“Finally, according to the myth, alcohol is the magic ingredient that generates social success.” (Para.10)
选项：
A:removes.
B:hides.
C:produces.
D:follows.
答案: 【produces. 】

6、 问题:The main idea of paragraph 2 is its ______
选项：
A:first sentence.
B:second sentence.
C:third sentence.
D: last sentence.
答案: 【third sentence. 】

7、 问题:The main idea of paragraph 4 is its ______
选项：
A:first sentence.
B:second sentence.
C:third sentence.
D:last sentence.
答案: 【first sentence. 】

8、 问题:The topic of paragraph 5 is drinking and ______
选项：
A:grades.
B:work.
C: the poor.
D:lack of success.
答案: 【lack of success.】

9、 问题:The main idea of paragraph 5 is its ______
选项：
A:first sentence.
B:second sentence.
C: third sentence.
D: fourth sentence.
答案: 【first sentence.】

10、 问题:The main idea of paragraph 10 is its ______
选项：
A:first sentence.
B:second sentence.
C: next-to-last sentence.
D: last sentence.
答案: 【first sentence. 】

Lesson 3 Quizt 3 Supporting Details

1、 问题:Here is a chance to apply your understanding of supporting details to passage. Read the passage and then answer the questions that follow. To help you continue to strengthen your work on the skills taught in previous chapters, there are also questions on vocabulary in context and main ideas.Child-Rearing Styles —Diane E. Papalia and Sally Wendkos Olds1 What makes Mary burst into tears of frustration when she can’t finish a jigsaw puzzle, while Gary will shrug and walk away from it, and Cary will sit with it for hours until he finishes? What makes Polly independent and Molly a clinger? What makes Time ready to hit out at the slightest provocation and Jim Loath to fight? One answer lies in the basic temperament children are born with. A second very important influence on behavioral styles is the early emotional environment – how children are treated by their parents?2 The psychological Dianna Baumrind set out to discover relationships between different styles of child rearing and the social competence of children. She reviewed the research literature and conducted her own studies with ninety five families of children in nursery school. Using a combination of long interviews, standardized testing, and observations at school and home, she identified three categories of parenting styles and linked them to children’s behavior.3 Authoritative parents exert firm control when necessary, but they explain why they take a stand and encourage children to express their opinions. They feel confident in their ability to guide their children, while respecting the children’s interests, opinions, and unique personalities. They combine firm control with encouragement and love. Their children know that they are expected to perform well, fulfill commitments, and carry out duties in the family. They know when they are meeting expectations and when it is worth risking their parents’ displeasure to pursue some other goals. They seem to thrive on their parents’ reasonable expectations and realistic standards, and they are most self-reliant, self-controlled, assertive, exploratory, and content.4 Authoritarian parents value unquestioning obedience and punish their children forcibly for not conforming to set and quite absolute standards. They are somewhat detached, controlling, and distant. Their children tend to be discontented, withdrawn, and distrustful of others.5 Permissive parents make few demands on their children, set few rules, and hardly ever punish. As preschoolers, their children are immature—the least self-reliant, the least self-controlled, the least exploratory.6 On the basis of her research, Baumrind has recommended that parents who want to raise competent, socially responsible, independent children should do several things:Teach by example; that is, behave the way you want your children to behave.Reward behaviors you want to encourage and punish behaviors you want to discourage, giving explanations in both cases.Show interest in children.Bestow approval only when the child has earned it.Demand achievement and the meeting of standards, while being open to hearing the child’s point of view.Encourage original thinking.7 Baumrind’s work raises important issues about child-rearing practices, but before we conclude that parenting is all that matters, we have to remember what children bring to the family. Through their own inborn temperaments, children influence their parents. It is possible, for example, that “easy” children will elicit an authoritative attitude from their parents, while “difficult” children may make tyrants out of theirs. In the sentence below, the word bestow means ______“Bestow approval only when the child has earned it.” (Para.6)
选项：
A:deny.
B:give.
C:accept.
D:risk.
答案: 【give.】

2、 问题:In the excerpt below, the word elicit means ______“Through their own inborn temperaments, children influence their parents. It is possible, for example, that “easy” children will elicit an authoritative attitude from their parents, while “difficult” children may make tyrants out of theirs.” (Para.7)
选项：
A:draw out.
B:dislike.
C:imitate.
D:abuse.
答案: 【draw out.】

3、 问题:The topic of paragraph 6 is ______
选项：

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