2021 中国文化与当代中国(北京服装学院)1465954444 最新满分章节测试答案

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本课程起止时间为:2021-10-25到2021-12-26
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【作业】Unit One. Confucian Thoughts 中国的儒家思想 Translation

1、 问题:一、（共10分）Please translate the following English sentences into Chinese.1、In their eyes, the balances of society is only maintained through a variety of practiced rituals. 2、In order to attain real harmony between people there is a need for mutual concern, mutual care.3、To observe Li is to be aware and remember one’s own status and identity, it means to perform and complete all the responsibilities expected of you. 4、Similarly, a good jade craftsman knows how to shape the raw jade they are working on based on its natural in-lines. 
评分规则: 【 1、在他们心目中，只有通过各种礼仪活动才能保持社会的平衡。
2、要在人与人之间获得真正的和谐，就要互相关心、互相爱护。
3、遵守礼就是要知道并记得自己的地位和身份，这意味着要执行并完成所有人们认为你该负的责任。
4、同样，一位优秀的玉石匠人懂得如何根据玉石的天然纹理雕琢他们要加工的璞玉。
评分标准：
1、总分：10分。每题2.5分。
2、文字通顺连贯，无重大语言错误，给满分。
3、文字表达基本准备，有少许语言错误，酌情扣分。
4、文字表达不准确，有多处语言错误，给零分。
】

2、 问题:二、（共10分）Please translate the following Chinese sentences into English.1、克己复礼，天下归仁焉2、 仁者爱仁。3、己所不欲，勿施于人。4、格物致知，穷理尽性。
评分规则: 【 答案：
1、Once everyone controls themselves and observes Li, the entire world will return to benevolence.
2、One who possesses benevolence (Ren) loves people
3、That which you do no desire do not do onto others. 
4、To study the phenomena of nature in order to acquire knowledge; to pursue the nature or essence of the world. 
评分标准：1、总分：10分。每题2.5分。2、文字通顺连贯，无重大语言错误，给满分。3、文字表达基本准备，有少许语言错误，酌情扣分。4、文字表达不准确，有多处语言错误，给零分。
】

Unit One. Confucian Thoughts 中国的儒家思想 Quiz for Unit One, Confucian Thoughts 儒家思想单元测试

1、 问题:  Who were some of the earliest Confucians?
选项：
A:thinkers
B:the man who hosted and lead rituals as a part of their job
C:officials
D:emperor relatives
答案: 【the man who hosted and lead rituals as a part of their job】

2、 问题:  Dao, in its most literal sense, refers to
选项：
A:road
B:ritual etiquette
C:law
D:book
答案: 【road】

3、 问题: If you want to understand China or the Chinese people, you must understand at least a bit of  _____ culture.
选项：
A:folk
B:music
C:confucian
D:fashion
答案: 【confucian】

4、 问题: Everything in __ has its own road or development according to the Confucians.
选项：
A:nature
B:heaven
C:sea
D:mind
答案: 【nature】

5、 问题: “格物” refers to ___ something according to the Confucians.
选项：
A:buy
B:observe
C:sell
D:own
答案: 【observe】

6、 问题:  Which of the following acts do not observe li?
选项：
A:honor his father
B:take care of children
C:running a red light
D:the boss of a company owed the workers’ wages
答案: 【honor his father;
take care of children】

7、 问题:  Which of the following phenomena can be said to be the performance of the Dao?
选项：
A:wood grain
B:planetary orbit
C:apple fell from a height to a low position
D:farmers’ rebellion
答案: 【wood grain;
planetary orbit;
apple fell from a height to a low position】

8、 问题:Three basic concepts of confucian culture are introduced in these videos, they are __、_、______ respectively.
选项：
A:Li
B:monarch
C:Dao
D:Ren
答案: 【Li;
Dao;
Ren】

9、 问题: To Confucians Ren or __ and Li or _,  are two fundamental  elements of a good person. 
选项：
A: Yin 
B:benevolence
C:rites
D:Dao
答案: 【benevolence;
rites】

10、 问题:Who is the representative of Confucians?
选项：
A:Mencius
B:Lao Zi
C:Xun Zi
D:Confucious
答案: 【Mencius;
Xun Zi;
Confucious】

11、 问题:  Li is only the observable form of ren, Ren is at the core of Li.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

12、 问题:  Without ren, the rituals of li are like a rope, winding tighter and tighter around a person, making them uncomfortable.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

13、 问题: Before beginning a ritual, people in ancient China will put on new clothes.
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

14、 问题:Only observing Li, laws and systems is not enough, on top of this one must have a benevolent heart. 
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【正确】

15、 问题:Everyone must have a benevolent  heart means every person has to be like a ‘yes’ man, agreeing with everything. 
选项：
A:正确
B:错误
答案: 【错误】

16、 问题:People want to follow Li when they understand what _ is.
答案: 【Ren】

17、 问题:Li is sometimes translated as____ which is so important for confucians.
答案: 【ritual】

18、 问题:“尽性” means fully realizing the ____ that we have.
答案: 【potential】

19、 问题:Ritual is a little similar to what we understand in west as a law in terms that it is something __.
答案: 【eternal】

20、 问题:If everything is done in the natural order done with ______ and Li, following the principle, then   it will result in the highest form of Ren. 
答案: 【Dao】

Unit Two. Chinese Painting 中国传统绘画 Quiz for Unit Two, Chinese Painting 中国传统绘画单元测试

1、 问题:  Why are Chinese paintings seldom framed?
选项：
A:  Because wood was expensive in China, and only rich people could afford buying expensive wooden frames.
B: Because in China paintings usually are rolled into scrolls, and one can’t roll a painting into a scroll if it is inside a hard frame.
C:  Because Chinese people do not find frames aesthetically beautiful.
D:  Because a painting frame had some religious meaning and only the emperor had a right to use them.
答案: 【 Because in China paintings usually are rolled into scrolls, and one can’t roll a painting into a scroll if it is inside a hard frame.】

2、 问题:  What philosophical reasons could we give to the method of "multi-perspective" in Chinese paintings?
选项：
A:  They understood that many things in the world are "fixed," but in art, we can make things alive by giving them some movement, by providing several perspectives.
B:   Traditionally in China everyone is against monotony and routine, in art, one expresses this rebellious attitude towards monotony and routine by having more than one perspective.
C:  They believed that Dao gave life to ten thousand things, so to understand Dao we need to analyze those many things and in art, we can do that by having several perspectives.
D:  Chinese seek to find dynamic Dao in the movements. Thus an artist tries to express Dao dynamics by constantly changing that point of perspective in the painting
答案: 【  Chinese seek to find dynamic Dao in the movements. Thus an artist tries to express Dao dynamics by constantly changing that point of perspective in the painting】

3、 问题:  Why are just two black and white colors preferred to multiple colors in paintings?
选项：
A:  In ancient times, it used to be expensive to produce different colors and Chinese as pragmatical people liked frugality.
B:  Multiple colors represent chaos – the opposite of Dao, this why should be avoided.
C:  Two colors – black and white – are related to Daoist ideals of simplicity and authenticity, they represent the reality as it is. Also, a line or a shape is valued more than color.
D:  Not black and white, but black, red and white Chinese artists prefer in paintings.
答案: 【  Two colors – black and white – are related to Daoist ideals of simplicity and authenticity, they represent the reality as it is. Also, a line or a shape is valued more than color.】