2021 微观经济学(九江学院)1461824456 最新满分章节测试答案
本答案对应课程为:点我自动跳转查看
本课程起止时间为:2021-03-01到2021-12-31
本篇答案更新状态:已完结
第一讲 像经济学家一样思考 课后测验
1、 问题:Economics is best defined as the study of:
选项：
A:how people make choices in the face of scarcity and the implications of those choices for society as a whole.
B:inflation, interest rates and the stock market.
C:supply and demand.
D:the financial concerns of businesses and individuals.
答案: 【how people make choices in the face of scarcity and the implications of those choices for society as a whole.】
2、 问题:Economics is the study of:
选项：
A:the financial concerns of businesses and individuals.
B:choice in the face of limited resources.
C:the role of government in limiting the choices people make.
D:whether we will have enough resources in the future.
答案: 【choice in the face of limited resources.】
3、 问题:Economists recognize that because people have limited resources:
选项：
A:our future is bleak.
B:they will never be happy.
C:they have to make trade-offs.
D:government intervention is necessary.
答案: 【they have to make trade-offs.】
4、 问题:The Scarcity Principle states that:
选项：
A:society will eventually run out of resources.
B:with limited resources, having more of one thing means having less of another.
C:some countries have fewer resources than others.
D:people don’t have enough money to buy what they want.
答案: 【with limited resources, having more of one thing means having less of another.】
5、 问题:An implication of scarcity is that:
选项：
A:people must make trade-offs.
B:people will never be happy.
C:some people will always be poor.
D:making trade-offs becomes unnecessary as wealth increases.
答案: 【people must make trade-offs.】
6、 问题:If all the world’s resources were to magically increase one hundredfold, then:
选项：
A:people would still have to make trade-offs.
B:trade-offs would become unnecessary.
C:economics would no longer be relevant.
D:scarcity would disappear.
答案: 【people would still have to make trade-offs.】
7、 问题:The Scarcity Principle applies to:
选项：
A:consumers primarily.
B:firms primarily.
C:poor people primarily.
D:everyone.
答案: 【everyone.】
8、 问题:Forest lives in complete isolation in Montana. He is self-sufficient and feeds himself through hunting, fishing, and farming. Which of the following statements about Forest is true?
选项：
A:Forest is not required to make trade-offs because he is self-sufficient.
B:Forest has unlimited resources.
C:Forest doesn’t have to consider costs and benefits.
D:Forest has to make trade-offs.
答案: 【Forest has to make trade-offs.】
9、 问题:The Scarcity Principle applies to:
选项：
A:only non-market decisions, e.g., watching a sunset.
B:only the poor.
C:only market decisions, e.g., buying a car.
D:all decisions.
答案: 【all decisions.】
10、 问题:Chris has a one-hour break between classes every Wednesday. Chris can either stay at the library and study or go to the gym and work out. The decision Chris must make is:
选项：
A:not an economic problem because it’s an hour that Chris has no matter what he does.
B:an economic problem because the tuition Chris pays covers the cost of both the gym and the library.
C:an economic problem because Chris has only one hour, and engaging in one activity means giving up the other.
D:not an economic problem because neither activity costs money.
答案: 【an economic problem because Chris has only one hour, and engaging in one activity means giving up the other.】
11、 问题:Josh wants to go to the football game this weekend, but he has a paper due on Monday. It will take him the whole weekend to write the paper. Josh decides to stay home and work on the paper. According to the Scarcity Principle, the reason Josh doesn’t go to the game is that:
选项：
A:Josh can’t go the game and finish the paper.
B:Josh prefers schoolwork to football games.
C:going to the game won’t be fun.
D:writing the paper is easier than going to the game.
答案: 【Josh can’t go the game and finish the paper.】
12、 问题:Whether studying the output of the U.S. economy or how many classes a student will take, an unifying concept is that:
选项：
A:wants are unlimited and resources are scarce, so trade-offs have to be made.
B:both wants and resources are unlimited.
C:wants are limited and resources are unlimited, so trade-offs have to be made.
D:wants are limited and resources are unlimited, so trade-offs are unnecessary.
答案: 【wants are unlimited and resources are scarce, so trade-offs have to be made.】
13、 问题:The Cost-Benefit Principle indicates that an action should be taken if:
选项：
A:its average benefits exceed its average costs.
B:its extra benefit is greater than or equal to its extra cost.
C:its total benefits exceed its total costs.
D:its net benefit (benefit minus cost) is zero.
答案: 【its extra benefit is greater than or equal to its extra cost.】
14、 问题:If a person takes an action if, and only if, the extra benefits from taking that action exceed the extra costs, then that person is:
选项：
A:not rational.
B:following the Cost-Benefit Principle.
C:following the Scarcity Principle.
D:not following the Cost-Benefit Principle.
答案: 【following the Cost-Benefit Principle.】
15、 问题:Choosing to study for an exam until the extra benefit (e.g., improved score) equals the extra cost (e.g., the value of foregone activities) is:
选项：
A:not rational because it ignores the importance of total benefits and total costs.
B:an application of the Cost-Benefit Principle.
C:not an economic choice.
D:an application of the Scarcity Principle.
答案: 【an application of the Cost-Benefit Principle.】
16、 问题:The Scarcity Principle tells us _, and the Cost-Benefit Principle tells us _.
选项：
A:how to make good choices; that choices involve costs and benefits
B:that good choices eliminate scarcity; how to make good choices
C:how to make choices; that choices must be made
D:that choices must be made; how to make good choices
答案: 【that choices must be made; how to make good choices】
17、 问题:According to the Cost-Benefit Principle, you should go see the latest Star Wars movie with your friends this week-end if:
选项：
A:you can afford to go to the movies.
B:the extra benefits of seeing the movie are greater than the extra costs of seeing the movie.
C:you really like Star Wars.
D:the average benefit you get from going to the movies is greater than the average cost of a ticket.
答案: 【the extra benefits of seeing the movie are greater than the extra costs of seeing the movie.】
18、 问题:A rational person:
选项：
A:undertakes activities until the net benefits become less than zero.
B:makes choices based on total benefits and total costs.
C:considers the financial benefits and financial costs of making a choice.
D:makes choices based on added benefits and added costs.
答案: 【makes choices based on added benefits and added costs.】
19、 问题:Suppose that the extra cost to Tim of a third glass of soda is zero because he’s at a restaurant that gives free refills. According to the Cost-Benefit Principle Tim should:
选项：
A:not drink a third glass of soda.
B:drink a third glass of soda if his total benefit from drinking soda is positive.
C:drink a third glass of soda.
D:drink a third glass of soda if the extra benefit of doing so is positive.
答案: 【drink a third glass of soda if the extra benefit of doing so is positive.】
20、 问题:Janie must choose to either mow the lawn or wash clothes. If she mows the lawn, she will earn $30, and if she washes clothes, she will earn $45. She dislikes both tasks equally and they both take the same amount of time. Janie will therefore choose to _ because it generates a _ economic surplus.
选项：
A:mow the lawn; bigger
B:mow the law; smaller
C:wash clothes; smaller
D:wash clothes; bigger
答案: 【wash clothes; bigger】
21、 问题:Dean should play golf instead of preparing for tomorrow’s exam in economics if:
选项：
A:he is irrational.
B:the economic surplus from playing golf is greater than the economic surplus from studying.
C:Dean can play golf for free.
D:the benefit of golfing is greater than the benefit of studying.
答案: 【the economic surplus from playing golf is greater than the economic surplus from studying.】
22、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry’s opportunity cost of attending Elite U is:
选项：
A:$70,000
B:$20,000
C:$50,000
D:$15,000
答案: 【$70,000】
23、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry’s opportunity cost of attending State College is:
选项：
A:$20,000
B:$35,000
C:$15,000
D:$30,000
答案: 【$35,000】
24、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry’s opportunity cost of attending State NoName U is:
选项：
A:$15,000
B:$30,000
C:$60,000
D:$20,000
答案: 【$20,000】
25、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry maximizes his economic surplus by attending:
选项：
A:State College.
B:NoName U because the annual cost is only $20,000.
C:NoName U because he has a full scholarship there.
D:Elite U.
答案: 【State College.】
26、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. What is Larry’s economic surplus from attending State College instead of his next best alternative?
选项：
A:$10,000
B:$40,000
C:$20,000
D:$5,000
答案: 【$5,000】
27、 问题:Jen spends her afternoon at the beach, paying $1 to rent a beach umbrella and $11 for food and drinks rather than spending an equal amount of money to go to a movie. Her opportunity cost of going to the beach is:
选项：
A:the $12 she spent on the umbrella, food and drinks.
B:only $0 because she would have spent $12 to go to the movie.
C:the value she places on seeing the movie plus the $12 she spent on the umbrella, food and drinks.
D:the value she places on seeing the movie.
答案: 【the value she places on seeing the movie.】
28、 问题:All else equal, relative to a person who earns minimum wage, a person who earns $30 per hour has:
选项：
A:the same opportunity cost of spending time on leisure activities.
B:a higher opportunity cost of working an additional hour.
C:a lower opportunity cost of driving farther to work.
D:a higher opportunity cost of taking the day off work.
答案: 【a higher opportunity cost of taking the day off work.】
29、 问题:The opportunity cost of an activity includes the value of:
选项：
A:the least-best alternative that must be foregone.
B:the chosen activity minus the value of the next-best alternative.
C:all of the alternatives that must be forgone.
D:the next-best alternative that must be foregone.
答案: 【the next-best alternative that must be foregone.】
30、 问题:Amy is thinking about going to the movies tonight. A movie ticket costs $15, and she’ll have to cancel a $20 dog-sitting job that she would have been willing to do for free. The opportunity to Amy cost of going to the movies is:
选项：
A:$35.
B:$5.
C:$20.
D:$15.
答案: 【$35.】
31、 问题:The economic surplus of an action is:
选项：
A:the benefit gained by taking an action.
B:the difference between the benefit and the cost of taking an action.
C:the difference the explicit and implicit costs of taking an action.
D:the money a person has left over after taking an action.
答案: 【the difference between the benefit and the cost of taking an action.】
32、 问题:You are trying to decide whether to purchase the latest Harry Potter book online or borrow it from the library. There is no charge for borrowing a book from the library, but going to the library takes more time than ordering a book online. Regardless of how you get the book, its benefit to you is the same. If the cost of buying the book online is $13, then you should:
选项：
A:buy the book online because it takes less time.
B:borrow the book from the library because you can get it from the library for free.
C:borrow the book from the library if the cost of doing so (in terms of the extra time it takes) is greater than $13.
D:borrow the book from the library if the cost of doing so (in terms of the extra time it takes) is less than $13.
答案: 【borrow the book from the library if the cost of doing so (in terms of the extra time it takes) is less than $13.】
33、 问题:Alex received a four-year scholarship to State U. that covered tuition and fees, room and board, and books and supplies. If Alex becomes a full-time student, then:
选项：
A:the opportunity cost of attending State U. includes the sum of the benefits Alex would had from attending each of the other schools to which he was admitted.
B:the opportunity cost of attending State U. includes the money Alex could have earned working for four years.
C:attending State U. for four years is costless for Alex.
D:Alex has no incentive to study hard while at State U.
答案: 【the opportunity cost of attending State U. includes the money Alex could have earned working for four years.】
34、 问题:Suppose Mary is willing to pay up to $15,000 for an used Ford pick-up truck. If she buys one for $12,000, her _ would be _.
选项：
A:benefit; $12,000
B:economic surplus; $12,000
C:cost; $15,000
D:economic surplus; $3,000
答案: 【economic surplus; $3,000】
35、 问题:If individuals are rational, they should choose actions that yield the:
选项：
A:smallest economic surplus.
B:smallest total costs.
C:largest total benefits.
D:largest economic surplus.
答案: 【largest economic surplus.】
36、 问题:Suppose the most you would be willing to pay for a plane ticket home is $250. If you buy one for $175, then your economic surplus is:
选项：
A:$175.
B:$0.
C:$75.
D:$250.
答案: 【$75.】
37、 问题:The Cost-Benefit Principle:
选项：
A:provides an abstract model of how people should choose between alternatives.
B:provides little insight into how people actually chose between alternatives.
C:fully captures how people choose between alternatives.
D:describes how people behave once they have enough education.
答案: 【provides an abstract model of how people should choose between alternatives.】
38、 问题:Economists believe the Cost-Benefit Principle is:
选项：
A:a simple but useful model of how people should make choices.
B:of little use to those who wish to learn how to make better decisions.
C:a comprehensive description all the factors that influence people’s choices.
D:an interesting intellectual exercise with little applicability to the real world.
答案: 【a simple but useful model of how people should make choices.】
39、 问题:The cost-benefit model used by economists is:
选项：
A:useful because most people follow it most of the time.
B:useful because everyone follows it all of the time.
C:unrealistic because it is too detailed and specific to apply to most situations.
D:unrealistic because everyone can think of times when he or she violated the principle.
答案: 【useful because most people follow it most of the time.】
40、 问题:Economists use abstract models because:
选项：
A:they are useful for describing general patterns of behavior.
B:computers have allowed economists to develop abstract models.
C:every economic situation is essentially the same, so specific details are unnecessary.
D:every economic situation is unique, so it is impossible to make generalizations.
答案: 【they are useful for describing general patterns of behavior.】
41、 问题:The fact that most people make some decisions based on intuition rather than calculation is:
选项：
A:consistent with the cost-benefit model because calculating costs and benefits is irrational.
B:inconsistent with the cost-benefit model, but still rational.
C:consistent with the cost-benefit model because most people intuitively weigh costs and benefits.
D:irrational, because intuition is usually wrong.
答案: 【consistent with the cost-benefit model because most people intuitively weigh costs and benefits.】
42、 问题:Moe has a big exam tomorrow. He considered studying this evening, but decided to hang out with Curly instead. If neither activity involves any explicit costs, and Moe always chooses rationally, it must be true that:
选项：
A:Moe gets more benefit from spending time with Curly than from studying.
B:Moe gets less benefit from spending time with Curly than from studying.
C:the opportunity cost of studying is less than the value Moe gets from spending time with Curly.
D:the opportunity cost of studying is greater than the value Moe gets from spending time with Curly.
答案: 【Moe gets more benefit from spending time with Curly than from studying.】
43、 问题:If one fails to account for implicit costs in decision making, then applying the cost-benefit rule will be flawed because:
选项：
A:the costs will be understated.
B:the benefits will be overstated.
C:the benefits will be understated.
D:the costs will be overstated.
答案: 【the costs will be understated.】
44、 问题:Your classmates from the University of Chicago are planning to go to Miami for spring break, and you are undecided about whether you should go with them. The round-trip airfares are $600, but you have a frequent-flyer coupon worth $500 that you could use to pay part of the airfare. All other costs for the vacation are exactly $900. The most you would be willing to pay for the trip is $1400. Your only alternative use for your frequent-flyer coupon is for your trip to Atlanta two weeks after the break to attend your sister’s graduation, which your parents are forcing you to attend. The Chicago-Atlanta round-trip airfares are $450. If you do not use the frequent-flyer coupon to fly to Miami, should you go to Miami?
选项：
A:Yes, your benefit is equal to your cost.
B:No, because there are no benefits in the trip.
C:Yes, your benefit is more than your cost.
D:No, your benefit is less than your cost.
答案: 【No, your benefit is less than your cost.】
45、 问题:Your classmates from the University of Chicago are planning to go to Miami for spring break, and you are undecided about whether you should go with them. The round-trip airfares are $600, but you have a frequent-flyer coupon worth $500 that you could use to pay part of the airfare. All other costs for the vacation are exactly $900. The most you would be willing to pay for the trip is $1400. Your only alternative use for your frequent-flyer coupon is for your trip to Atlanta two weeks after the break to attend your sister’s graduation, which your parents are forcing you to attend. The Chicago-Atlanta round-trip airfares are $450. What is the opportunity cost of using the coupon for the Miami trip?
选项：
A:$550
B:$500
C:$100
D:$450
答案: 【$450】
46、 问题:Your classmates from the University of Chicago are planning to go to Miami for spring break, and you are undecided about whether you should go with them. The round-trip airfares are $600, but you have a frequent-flyer coupon worth $500 that you could use to pay part of the airfare. All other costs for the vacation are exactly $900. The most you would be willing to pay for the trip is $1400. Your only alternative use for your frequent-flyer coupon is for your trip to Atlanta two weeks after the break to attend your sister’s graduation, which your parents are forcing you to attend. The Chicago-Atlanta round-trip airfares are $450. Should you use the frequent flyer coupon to go to Miami?
选项：
A:No, your benefit is less than your cost.
B:Yes, your benefit is more than your cost.
C:Yes, your benefit is equal to your cost.
D:No, because there are no benefits in the trip.
答案: 【No, your benefit is less than your cost.】
47、 问题:Your classmates from the University of Chicago are planning to go to Miami for spring break, and you are undecided about whether you should go with them. The round-trip airfares are $600, but you have a frequent-flyer coupon worth $500 that you could use to pay part of the airfare. All other costs for the vacation are exactly $900. The most you would be willing to pay for the trip is $1400. Your only alternative use for your frequent-flyer coupon is for your trip to Atlanta two weeks after the break to attend your sister’s graduation, which your parents are forcing you to attend. The Chicago-Atlanta round-trip airfares are $450. If the Chicago-Atlanta round-trip air fare were $350, should you use the coupon to go to Miami?
选项：
A:No, your economic surplus would be -$100.
B:No, your economic surplus would be -$50.
C:Yes, your economic surplus would be $50.
D:Yes, your economic surplus would be $400.
答案: 【Yes, your economic surplus would be $50.】
48、 问题:Pat earns $25,000 per year (after taxes), and Pat’s spouse, Chris, earns $35,000 (after taxes). They have two pre-school-aged children. Childcare for their children costs $12,000 per year. Given that Chris doesn’t want to stay home with the kids, regardless of what Pat does, Pat should stay home with the kids if, and only if, the value of Pat spending more time with the kids is greater than:
选项：
A:$25,000 per year.
B:$37,000 per year.
C:$13,000 per year.
D:$12,000 per year.
答案: 【$13,000 per year.】
49、 问题:You paid $35 for a ticket (which is non-refundable) to see SPAM, a local rock band, in concert on Saturday. Assume that $35 is the most you would have been willing to pay for a ticket. Your boss called, and she is looking for someone to cover a shift on Saturday at the same time as the concert. You would have to work 4 hours and she would pay you $11/hr. The psychic cost to you of working is $2/hr. Should you go to the concert instead of working Saturday?
选项：
A:No, because there are no benefits of going to the concert.
B:Yes, the benefit of going to the concert is more than the cost.
C:No, the benefit of going to the concert is less than the cost.
D:Yes, the benefit of going to the concert is equal to the cost.
答案: 【No, the benefit of going to the concert is less than the cost.】
50、 问题:You paid $35 for a ticket (which is non-refundable) to see SPAM, a local rock band, in concert on Saturday. Assume that $35 is the most you would have been willing to pay for a ticket. Your boss called, and she is looking for someone to cover a shift on Saturday at the same time as the concert. You would have to work 4 hours and she would pay you $11/hr. The psychic cost to you of working is $2/hr. What is the opportunity cost of going to the concert?
选项：
A:$9
B:$35
C:$36
D:$1
答案: 【$36】
51、 问题:You paid $35 for a ticket (which is non-refundable) to see SPAM, a local rock band, in concert on Saturday. Assume that $35 is the most you would have been willing to pay for a ticket. Your boss called, and she is looking for someone to cover a shift on Saturday at the same time as the concert. You would have to work 4 hours and she would pay you $11/hr. The psychic cost to you of working is $2/hr. What is your opportunity cost of going to work on Saturday?
选项：
A:$36
B:$0
C:$35
D:$9
答案: 【$35】
52、 问题:You paid $35 for a ticket (which is non-refundable) to see SPAM, a local rock band, in concert on Saturday. Assume that $35 is the most you would have been willing to pay for a ticket. Your boss called, and she is looking for someone to cover a shift on Saturday at the same time as the concert. You would have to work 4 hours and she would pay you $11/hr. The psychic cost to you of working is $2/hr. Your economic surplus from going to work instead of seeing SPAM on Saturday is:
选项：
A:$1
B:$36
C:$0
D:$35
答案: 【$1】
53、 问题:Matt has decided to purchase his textbooks for the semester. His options are to purchase the books online with next day delivery at a cost of $175, or to drive to campus tomorrow to buy the books at the university bookstore at a cost of $170. Last week he drove to campus to buy a concert ticket because they offered 25 percent off the regular price of $16. The benefit to Matt of buying his books at the university bookstore instead of online is:
选项：
A:$170
B:$5
C:$9
D:$175
答案: 【$5】
54、 问题:Matt has decided to purchase his textbooks for the semester. His options are to purchase the books online with next day delivery at a cost of $175, or to drive to campus tomorrow to buy the books at the university bookstore at a cost of $170. Last week he drove to campus to buy a concert ticket because they offered 25 percent off the regular price of $16. The benefit to Matt of driving to campus to buy the concert ticket last week was:
选项：
A:$2
B:$4
C:$16
D:$9
答案: 【$4】
55、 问题:Matt has decided to purchase his textbooks for the semester. His options are to purchase the books online with next day delivery at a cost of $175, or to drive to campus tomorrow to buy the books at the university bookstore at a cost of $170. Last week he drove to campus to buy a concert ticket because they offered 25 percent off the regular price of $16. Given that driving to campus to buy the concert ticket was rational for Matt, Matt should:
选项：
A:drive to campus to buy the books because the books are cheaper at the bookstore than online.
B:not drive to campus to buy the books because the cost of gas and his time must certainly be more than the $5 he would save.
C:drive to campus to buy the books because the $5 he would save is more than he saved by driving to campus to buy the concert ticket.
D:not drive to campus to buy the books because the $5 he would save is only two percent of the cost of the books, and that is much less than the 25 percent he saved on the concert ticket.
答案: 【drive to campus to buy the books because the $5 he would save is more than he saved by driving to campus to buy the concert ticket.】
56、 问题:Matt has decided to purchase his textbooks for the semester. His options are to purchase the books online with next day delivery at a cost of $175, or to drive to campus tomorrow to buy the books at the university bookstore at a cost of $170. Last week he drove to campus to buy a concert ticket because they offered 25 percent off the regular price of $16. Assume the minimum that Matt would be willing to accept to drive to campus is equal to the $4 he saved on the concert ticket. What would his economic surplus be if he bought his textbooks at the university bookstore rather than online?
选项：
A:$1
B:$20
C:$5
D:$50
答案: 【$1】
57、 问题:The marginal benefit of an activity is the:
选项：
A:total benefit of an activity divided by the level of the activity.
B:same as the total benefit of an activity.
C:total benefit associated with an extra unit of the activity.
D:extra benefit associated with an extra unit of the activity.
答案: 【extra benefit associated with an extra unit of the activity.】
58、 问题:Suppose the marginal cost of the 1st hour of talking on the phone is $50, the marginal cost of the 2nd hour is $75, and the marginal cost of the 3rd hour is $105. In this case, the total cost of talking on the phone for 3 hours is:
选项：
A:$315
B:$150
C:$230
D:$105
答案: 【$230】
59、 问题:Suppose the total benefit of watching 1 baseball game is 100, the total benefit of watching 2 games is 120, and the total benefit of watching 3 games is 125. In this case, the marginal benefit of watching the 3rd game is:
选项：
A:125
B:41.67
C:375
D:5
答案: 【5】
60、 问题:The extra benefit that results from carrying out one additional unit of an activity is the __ of the activity.
选项：
A:average benefit
B:marginal benefit
C:economic benefit
D:total benefit
答案: 【marginal benefit】
61、 问题:The marginal cost of an activity is the:
选项：
A:change in the total cost of the activity that results from carrying out an additional unit of the activity.
B:change in the level of the activity divided by the change in the cost of the activity.
C:the total cost of the activity divided by the change in the level of the activity.
D:the total cost of the activity divided by the level of the activity.
答案: 【change in the total cost of the activity that results from carrying out an additional unit of the activity.】
62、 问题:The extra cost that results from carrying out one additional unit of an activity is the __ of the activity.
选项：
A:opportunity cost
B:reservation cost
C:marginal cost
D:marginal benefit
答案: 【marginal cost】
63、 问题:Dividing the total cost of n units of an activity by n reveals the:
选项：
A:units per cost.
B:average cost.
C:average benefit.
D:marginal cost.
答案: 【average cost.】
64、 问题:For the Fall semester, you had to pay a nonrefundable fee of $600 for your meal plan, which gives you up to 150 meals. If you eat all of the meals, your average cost for a meal is:
选项：
A:$6.
B:$4.
C:$5.
D:$0.25.
答案: 【$4.】
65、 问题:For the Fall semester, you had to pay a nonrefundable fee of $600 for your meal plan, which gives you up to 150 meals. If you eat 100 meals, your average cost for a meal is:
选项：
A:$5.
B:$0.25.
C:$6.
D:$4.
答案: 【$6.】
66、 问题:For the Fall semester, you had to pay a nonrefundable fee of $600 for your meal plan, which gives you up to 150 meals. If you eat 100 meals, your marginal cost of the 100th meal is:
选项：
A:$0.25.
B:$0.
C:$4.
D:$6.
答案: 【$0.】
67、 问题:The average benefit of n units of an activity is the:
选项：
A:total benefit of n units divided by n.
B:n times the total benefit of n units.
C:extra benefit from carrying out one additional unit of the activity.
D:n divided by the total benefit of n units.
答案: 【total benefit of n units divided by n.】
68、 问题:You save $10 on gas every week because you take the bus to school. You have class 5 days a week. What is your average benefit per day of taking the bus to school?
选项：
A:$5
B:$0
C:$2
D:$10
答案: 【$2】
69、 问题:Your scholarship depends on your maintaining a 3.5 cumulative GPA. Your GPA for last semester was 3.6, which brought your cumulative GPA down. What must be true?
选项：
A:Last semester’s grades were higher than your overall GPA.
B:If this semester’s grades are the same as last semester’s, you might lose your scholarship.
C:If this semester’s grades are the same as last semester’s, your overall GPA will stay the same.
D:Last semester’s grades were lower than your overall GPA.
答案: 【Last semester’s grades were lower than your overall GPA.】
70、 问题:Refer to the table below. The average cost of 4 units of this activity is:
选项：
A:$40
B:$25
C:$30
D:$20
答案: 【$25】
71、 问题:Refer to the table below. The marginal cost of the 3rd unit of this activity is:
选项：
A:$10
B:$30
C:$20
D:$25
答案: 【$20】
72、 问题:Refer to the table below. The average benefit of 2 units of activity is:
选项：
A:$20
B:$40
C:$60
D:$80
答案: 【$80】
73、 问题:Refer to the table below. The marginal benefit of the 5th unit of activity is:
选项：
A:$10
B:$5
C:$50
D:$44
答案: 【$10】
74、 问题:Refer to the table below. According to the Cost-Benefit Principle, how many units of this activity should be carried out?
选项：
A:4
B:3
C:6
D:1
答案: 【3】
75、 问题:Refer to the table below. The average cost of 5 units of activity is:
选项：
A:$6
B:$8
C:$4
D:$10
答案: 【$6】
76、 问题:Refer to the table below. The marginal cost of the 4th unit of activity is:
选项：
A:$10
B:$5
C:$8
D:$6
答案: 【$8】
77、 问题:Refer to the table below. The average benefit of 4 units of activity is:
选项：
A:$5
B:$9
C:$10
D:$4
答案: 【$9】
78、 问题:Refer to the table below. The marginal benefit of the 6th unit of activity is:
选项：
A:$4
B:$7
C:$1
D:$2
答案: 【$2】
79、 问题:Refer to the table below. According to the Cost-Benefit Principle, how many units of this activity should be carried out?
选项：
A:5
B:4
C:2
D:3
答案: 【3】
80、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:$43,899.
B:$48,911.
C:$51,963.
D:$45,000.
答案: 【$51,963.】
81、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:$38,000.
B:$43,121.
C:$21,500.
D:$22,000.
答案: 【$38,000.】
82、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:4; $22,000
B:5; $67,080
C:5; $17,080
D:4; $60,000
答案: 【5; $17,080】
83、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:$11,337.
B:$12,426.
C:$21,213.
D:$42,426.
答案: 【$12,426.】
84、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:$11,000.
B:$10,750.
C:$13,000.
D:$9,500.
答案: 【$11,000.】
85、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:3; $25,426
B:1; $22,000
C:2; $25,426
D:2; $3,476
答案: 【2; $25,426】
86、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:2
B:4
C:3
D:1
答案: 【2】
87、 问题:Ginger bought a phone that came with a $10 rebate. Ginger should fill out and mail in the rebate form if:
选项：
A:the opportunity cost of the time and trouble of sending in the rebate form is less than $10.
B:the opportunity cost of the time and trouble of sending in the rebate form is more than $10.
C:Ginger’s surplus from purchasing the phone was less than $10.
D:she would have bought the phone without the rebate, and so sending in the rebate form involves no opportunity cost.
答案: 【the opportunity cost of the time and trouble of sending in the rebate form is less than $10.】
88、 问题:Tony notes that an electronics store is offering a flat $20 off all prices in the store. Tony reasons that if he wants to buy something with a price of $50, then it is a good offer, but if he wants to buy something with a price of $500, then it is not a good offer. This is an example of:
选项：
A:the proper application of the Cost-Benefit Principle.
B:inconsistent reasoning; saving $20 is saving $20.
C:rational choice because saving 40% is better than saving 4%.
D:inconsistent reasoning because prices are sunk costs.
答案: 【inconsistent reasoning; saving $20 is saving $20.】
89、 问题:Suppose a retail store was offering 10% off list prices on all goods. The benefit of the 10% savings is:
选项：
A:negatively related to the list price of the good.
B:zero since costs and benefits shouldn’t be measured proportionally.
C:unrelated to the list price of the good.
D:positively related to the list price of the good.
答案: 【positively related to the list price of the good.】
90、 问题:A firm pays Pam $40 per hour to assemble personal computers. Each day, Pam can assemble 4 computers if she works 1 hour, 7 computers if she works 2 hours, 9 computers if she works 3 hours, and 10 computers if she works 4 hours. Pam cannot work more than 4 hours day. Each computer consists of a motherboard, a hard drive, a case, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. The total cost of these parts is $600 per computer. What is the marginal cost of producing the computers that Pam can assemble during her 3rd hour of work?
选项：
A:$1,240
B:$5,400
C:$1,200
D:$5,520
答案: 【$1,240】
91、 问题:A firm pays Pam $40 per hour to assemble personal computers. Each day, Pam can assemble 4 computers if she works 1 hour, 7 computers if she works 2 hours, 9 computers if she works 3 hours, and 10 computers if she works 4 hours. Pam cannot work more than 4 hours day. Each computer consists of a motherboard, a hard drive, a case, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. The total cost of these parts is $600 per computer. What is the marginal cost of producing the computers that Pam can assemble during her 2nd hour of work?
选项：
A:$4,200
B:$1,840
C:$4,280
D:$1,800
答案: 【$1,840】
92、 问题:A firm pays Pam $40 per hour to assemble personal computers. Each day, Pam can assemble 4 computers if she works 1 hour, 7 computers if she works 2 hours, 9 computers if she works 3 hours, and 10 computers if she works 4 hours. Pam cannot work more than 4 hours day. Each computer consists of a motherboard, a hard drive, a case, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. The total cost of these parts is $600 per computer. If the firm sells each computer for $625, then how many hours a day should the firm employ Pam to maximize its net benefit from her employment?
选项：
A:1 hour
B:4 hours
C:3 hours
D:2 hours
答案: 【3 hours】
93、 问题:A firm pays Pam $40 per hour to assemble personal computers. Each day, Pam can assemble 4 computers if she works 1 hour, 7 computers if she works 2 hours, 9 computers if she works 3 hours, and 10 computers if she works 4 hours. Pam cannot work more than 4 hours day. Each computer consists of a motherboard, a hard drive, a case, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. The total cost of these parts is $600 per computer. If the firm sells each computer for $650, then how many hours a day should the firm employ Pam to maximize its net benefit from her employment?
选项：
A:3 hours
B:4 hours
C:1 hour
D:2 hours
答案: 【4 hours】
94、 问题:If Jane works for 6 hours she can rent out 9 apartments, and if she works for 7 hours she can rent out 12 apartments. The marginal benefit of Jane’s 7th hour of work equals:
选项：
A:3 apartments
B:9 apartments
C:12 apartments
D:1 apartment
答案: 【3 apartments】
95、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:$100.
B:$1,000.
C:$400.
D:$1,400.
答案: 【$400.】
96、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:$1,650.
B:$900.
C:$300.
D:$1,700.
答案: 【$1,700.】
97、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:$100.
B:$1,000.
C:$900.
D:$200.
答案: 【$1,000.】
98、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:$300.
B:$200.
C:$100.
D:$400.
答案: 【$200.】
99、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:3.0GHz
B:2.0GHz
C:2.5GHz
D:4.0GHz
答案: 【3.0GHz】
100、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:its marginal benefit is equal to its marginal cost.
B:its marginal benefit is greater than its marginal cost.
C:its marginal benefit is less than its marginal cost.
D:it is impossible to tell the difference compared to a 3.0GHz computer.
答案: 【its marginal benefit is less than its marginal cost.】
101、 问题:Jack has a ticket to see Bo Bice for which he paid $30 yesterday. He takes an unpaid day off from work to get ready for the concert. When he arrives at the concert, five different people offer him $70 for his ticket. Jack decides to keep his ticket. At the time he makes this decision, his opportunity cost of seeing Bo Bice is:
选项：
A:$70 plus his forgone earnings.
B:$70.
C:$40.
D:$30 plus his forgone earnings.
答案: 【$70.】
102、 问题:Jody has purchased a non-refundable $75 ticket to attend a Miley Cyrus concert on Friday night. Subsequently, she is asked to go to out dinner at no expense to her. If she uses cost-benefit analysis to choose between going to the concert and going out to dinner, the opportunity cost of going out to dinner should include:
选项：
A:only the cost of concert ticket.
B:neither the cost of the ticket nor the entertainment value of the concert.
C:only the entertainment value of the concert.
D:the cost of the ticket plus the entertainment value of the concert.
答案: 【only the entertainment value of the concert.】
103、 问题:You won a free ticket to see the latest Star Trek movie this Friday night (which you can costlessly resell for its face value of $15). Your favorite band is also performing on Friday and is your only alternative activity. Friday is your last chance to see either the movie or the band. Tickets to see your favorite band cost $30, and on any given day, you would be willing to pay as much as $50 for a ticket. Based on this information, what is your opportunity cost of going to see the Star Trek movie on Friday?
选项：
A:$30
B:$35
C:$50
D:$0
答案: 【$35】
104、 问题:You want to buy a TV that regularly costs $250. You can either buy the TV from a nearby store or from a store that’s downtown. Relative to going to the nearby store, driving downtown involves additional time and gas. The downtown store, however, has a 10% off sale this week. Last week you drove downtown to save $20 on some concert tickets, a 15% savings. Should you drive downtown to buy the TV?
选项：
A:No, because you will only save 10%, which is less than 15%.
B:No, because you will save more than $20.
C:Yes, because you will save more than $20.
D:Yes, because you will save 10%, which is better than nothing.
答案: 【Yes, because you will save more than $20.】
105、 问题:The table below shows the relationship between the number of times you get your car washed each month and your total monthly benefit from car washes. Each car wash costs $15.
选项：
A:$8
B:$12
C:$4
D:$14
答案: 【$14】
106、 问题:The table below shows the relationship between the number of times you get your car washed each month and your total monthly benefit from car washes. Each car wash costs $15.
选项：
A:$14
B:$12
C:$4
D:$15
答案: 【$15】
107、 问题:The table below shows the relationship between the number of times you get your car washed each month and your total monthly benefit from car washes. Each car wash costs $15.
选项：
A:$4
B:$12
C:$48
D:$16
答案: 【$12】
108、 问题:The table below shows the relationship between the number of times you get your car washed each month and your total monthly benefit from car washes. Each car wash costs $15.
选项：
A:1
B:3
C:2
D:4
答案: 【2】
109、 问题:Frank owns an apple farm and plans to spend 4 hours today picking apples. The number of apples he can pick per hour depends on the total number of hours he spends working in either the east orchard or the west orchard in the manner shown in the table below.
选项：
A:84
B:42
C:21
D:92
答案: 【84】
110、 问题:Frank owns an apple farm and plans to spend 4 hours today picking apples. The number of apples he can pick per hour depends on the total number of hours he spends working in either the east orchard or the west orchard in the manner shown in the table below.
选项：
A:40 apples
B:10 apples
C:30 apples
D:20 apples
答案: 【10 apples】
111、 问题:Frank owns an apple farm and plans to spend 4 hours today picking apples. The number of apples he can pick per hour depends on the total number of hours he spends working in either the east orchard or the west orchard in the manner shown in the table below.
选项：
A:8 apples
B:24 apples
C:64 apples
D:32 apples
答案: 【24 apples】
112、 问题:Frank owns an apple farm and plans to spend 4 hours today picking apples. The number of apples he can pick per hour depends on the total number of hours he spends working in either the east orchard or the west orchard in the manner shown in the table below.
选项：
A:He should spend 1 hour in the east orchard and 3 hours in the west orchard.
B:He should spend 2 hours in east orchard and 2 hours in the west orchard.
C:He should spend 3 hours in the east orchard and 1 hour in the west orchard.
D:He should spend all 4 hours in the east orchard.
答案: 【He should spend 3 hours in the east orchard and 1 hour in the west orchard.】
113、 问题:Positive economic principles are those that:
选项：
A:indicate how people should behave.
B:are always correct.
C:are influenced by political ideology.
D:predict how people will behave.
答案: 【predict how people will behave.】
114、 问题:One thing that distinguishes normative economic principles from positive economic principles is that:
选项：
A:normative principles are pessimistic and positive principles are optimistic.
B:normative principles reflect social norms, and positive principles reflect universal truths.
C:normative principles tell us how people will behave, and positive principles tell us how people should behave.
D:normative principles tell us how people should behave, and positive principles tell us how people will behave.
答案: 【normative principles tell us how people should behave, and positive principles tell us how people will behave.】
115、 问题:Normative economic principles are concerned with how people _ make decisions while positive economic principles are concerned with how people _ make decisions.
选项：
A:in power; in ordinary life
B:do; should
C:should; do
D:in ordinary life; in power
答案: 【should; do】
116、 问题:An editorial in the paper argues that a person only should be allowed to attend school if the marginal cost of educating that person is less than the marginal benefit of educating that person. The writer’s reasoning is an application of:
选项：
A:normative economics.
B:positive economics.
C:negative economics.
D:economic naturalism.
答案: 【normative economics.】
117、 问题:The Incentive Principle states that a person:
选项：
A:is more likely to take an action if its cost increases.
B:should take an action if its benefit increases.
C:should take an action if its cost increases.
D:is more likely to take an action if its benefit increases.
答案: 【is more likely to take an action if its benefit increases.】
118、 问题:The Incentive Principle is an example of:
选项：
A:over-estimating the benefits of an action.
B:an economic decision-making pitfall.
C:a normative economic principle.
D:a positive economic principle.
答案: 【a positive economic principle.】
119、 问题:According to the Incentive Principle, people will be less likely to smoke if the government:
选项：
A:increases taxes on smoking-cessation devices such as nicotine patches.
B:subsidizes hospitals treating lung disease.
C:increases taxes on cigarettes, effectively raising the price.
D:invests more money in cancer research.
答案: 【increases taxes on cigarettes, effectively raising the price.】
120、 问题:According to the Incentive Principle:
选项：
A:people tend to do more of something when its benefits are greater.
B:benefits are more important than costs in making a decision.
C:it is irrational to perform volunteer services.
D:people will always take the highest-paying job they are offered.
答案: 【people tend to do more of something when its benefits are greater.】
121、 问题:Microeconomics differs from macroeconomics in that microeconomics focuses on:
选项：
A:the choices made by individuals the implications of those choices.
B:the performance of the entire economy.
C:government policies designed improve the performance of the national economy.
D:issues such as inflation, unemployment and economic growth.
答案: 【the choices made by individuals the implications of those choices.】
122、 问题:Macroeconomics differs from microeconomics in that macroeconomics focuses on:
选项：
A:prices in specific markets.
B:production in specific markets.
C:individual choices and group behavior in individual markets.
D:the performance of national economies and ways to improve that performance.
答案: 【the performance of national economies and ways to improve that performance.】
123、 问题:The study of individual choice and its implications for the behavior of prices and quantities in individual markets is:
选项：
A:microeconomics.
B:macroeconomics.
C:the Scarcity Principle.
D:a normative economic principle.
答案: 【microeconomics.】
124、 问题:Which branch of economics is most likely to study differences in countries’ growth rates?
选项：
A:microeconomics
B:macroeconomics
C:experimental economics
D:normative economics
答案: 【macroeconomics】
125、 问题:Which of the following would not be studied in microeconomics?
选项：
A:Whether to study or watch TV tonight.
B:How individual firms decide how much to produce.
C:How an early freeze in California will affect the price of fruit.
D:Whether the federal budget should be balanced.
答案: 【Whether the federal budget should be balanced.】
126、 问题:Which of the following would not be studied in macroeconomics?
选项：
A:The growth rate of the U.S. economy.
B:How a sharp increase in gasoline prices is likely to affect SUV sales.
C:The impact of government spending on the economy.
D:The causes of the Great Depression.
答案: 【How a sharp increase in gasoline prices is likely to affect SUV sales.】
127、 问题:By convention, there are two major divisions of economics, called:
选项：
A:reservation price and opportunity cost.
B:rational economics and irrational economics.
C:microeconomics and macroeconomics.
D:marginal benefit and marginal cost.
答案: 【microeconomics and macroeconomics.】
128、 问题:A study that deals with the salaries of university professors would be considered:
选项：
A:macroeconomics
B:economic naturalism
C:real economics
D:microeconomics
答案: 【microeconomics】
129、 问题:In deciding how many guitars to buy for his shop before the Christmas season, Mark is making a(n decision.
选项：
A:irrational
B:microeconomic
C:normative
D:macroeconomic
答案: 【microeconomic】
130、 问题:A study of the impact of various government policies on economic growth would be considered:
选项：
A:government economics.
B:marginal economics.
C:macroeconomics.
D:microeconomics.
答案: 【macroeconomics.】
131、 问题:The field of economics that would be most concerned with a recent fall in interest rates is:
选项：
A:macroeconomics.
B:microeconomics.
C:economic naturalism.
D:marginal economics.
答案: 【macroeconomics.】
132、 问题:An economic naturalist is someone who:
选项：
A:has an innate talent for using economic concepts.
B:applies economic insights to understand everyday life.
C:studies the process of natural selection in a cost-benefit framework.
D:uses economic arguments to protect the environment.
答案: 【applies economic insights to understand everyday life.】
133、 问题:With ATMs, it is possible to retrieve cash from the bank at any time. One hundred years ago, one could only get cash from the bank during business hours, say, 9 am to 3 pm. The present availability of 24-hour service has arisen because:
选项：
A:government forced banks to become more convenient.
B:it was impossible to provide 24-hour service 100 years ago.
C:the cost of providing 24-hour service is much lower today.
D:flexibility was not valued 100 years ago.
答案: 【the cost of providing 24-hour service is much lower today.】
134、 问题:The number of U.S. households with access to the Internet is growing rapidly. Compared to 50 years ago, one would predict that when considering a major purchase, people today will gather:
选项：
A:more information because the Internet has increased the cost of gathering information.
B:less information because the Internet has increased the benefit of gathering information.
C:more information because the Internet has lowered the cost of gathering information.
D:less information because the Internet has lowered the cost of gathering information.
答案: 【more information because the Internet has lowered the cost of gathering information.】
135、 问题:Every time you go to the grocery store, you try to wait in the shortest line. But the lines always seem to be roughly the same length. Why?
选项：
A:The cashiers work at the same speed.
B:The cashiers do not have an incentive to work faster.
C:Random chance equalizes the length of the lines.
D:Other people are trying to choose the shortest line too.
答案: 【Other people are trying to choose the shortest line too.】
136、 问题:Suppose there are two parallel highways between two cities with approximately equal traffic. What would you expect to happen if the state began charging tolls to drive on one of those highways?
选项：
A:Traffic would decrease on both roads.
B:More drivers would drive on the toll road making the non-toll road less congested.
C:Traffic would remain evenly divided between the two roads as drivers continuously sought the less-congested route.
D:More drivers would drive on the non-toll road, making the toll road less congested.
答案: 【More drivers would drive on the non-toll road, making the toll road less congested.】
137、 问题:During times of high unemployment, colleges often observe an increase in enrollment even if tuition remains unchanged. Why?
选项：
A:The benefit of attending college is lower because college graduates are less likely to find jobs.
B:The opportunity cost of attending college is higher when unemployment is high.
C:The opportunity cost of attending college is lower when unemployment is high.
D:Students go to college even when the net benefit is negative.
答案: 【The opportunity cost of attending college is lower when unemployment is high.】
138、 问题:The last time gas prices increased drastically, sales of large Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs) fell. Why?
选项：
A:Higher gas prices increased the benefit of driving an SUV.
B:Higher gas prices increased the cost of driving a SUV.
C:Higher gas prices lowered the benefit of driving an SUV.
D:Higher gas prices lowered the cost of driving a SUV.
答案: 【Higher gas prices increased the cost of driving a SUV.】
139、 问题:Due to the fact that Curly used his frequent flyer miles to fly to visit Moe, Curly told Moe that it didn’t cost him anything to visit. Is Curly correct?
选项：
A:No, because Curly had to pay for earlier trips in order to earn the frequent flyer miles.
B:No, because Curly could have used his frequent flyer miles to go somewhere else instead.
C:Yes, because Curly could stay at Moe’s house for free.
D:Yes, because Curly’s frequent flyer miles made the trip free.
答案: 【No, because Curly could have used his frequent flyer miles to go somewhere else instead.】
140、 问题:Pat can either drive to work, which takes half an hour and uses $1.50 worth of gas, or take the bus, which takes an hour and costs $1.00. How should Pat get to work?
选项：
A:Pat should drive because it saves half an hour relative to taking the bus.
B:Pat should drive if saving half an hour is worth $0.50 or more.
C:Pat should take the bus if saving half an hour is worth $0.50 or more.
D:Pat should take the bus because it costs $0.50 less than driving.
答案: 【Pat should drive if saving half an hour is worth $0.50 or more.】
141、 问题:You have two options for how to spend the afternoon. You can either go see a movie with your roommate or work as a tutor for the Math Department. From experience, you know that going to see a movie gives you $20 worth of enjoyment, and with your student discount, a movie ticket only costs $12. If you spend the afternoon working as a math tutor, you will get paid $45. On a typical day, you wouldn’t be willing to spend the afternoon working as a math tutor for less than $35. What is your opportunity cost of seeing a movie this afternoon?
选项：
A:$57
B:$12
C:$8
D:$22
答案: 【$12】
142、 问题:You have two options for how to spend the afternoon. You can either go see a movie with your roommate or work as a tutor for the Math Department. From experience, you know that going to see a movie gives you $20 worth of enjoyment, and with your student discount, a movie ticket only costs $12. If you spend the afternoon working as a math tutor, you will get paid $45. On a typical day, you wouldn’t be willing to spend the afternoon working as a math tutor for less than $35. What is your economic surplus from working as a math tutor instead of going to the movies?
选项：
A:$8
B:$57
C:$2
D:$22
答案: 【$2】
143、 问题:You have two options for how to spend the afternoon. You can either go see a movie with your roommate or work as a tutor for the Math Department. From experience, you know that going to see a movie gives you $20 worth of enjoyment, and with your student discount, a movie ticket only costs $12. If you spend the afternoon working as a math tutor, you will get paid $45. On a typical day, you wouldn’t be willing to spend the afternoon working as a math tutor for less than $35. Should you go see a movie or work as a math tutor?
选项：
A:You should go to the movies.
B:You should work as a math tutor.
C:You should do neither.
D:Both options are equally good.
答案: 【You should work as a math tutor.】
第二讲 比较优势 课后测验2
1、 问题:Dent ‘n’ Scratch Used Cars and Trucks employs 3 salesmen. Data for their sales last month are shown in this table:
选项：
A:1/2 of a car.
B:1 car.
C:2 cars.
D:10 cars.
答案: 【2 cars.】
2、 问题:Dent ‘n’ Scratch Used Cars and Trucks employs 3 salesmen. Data for their sales last month are shown in this table:
选项：
A:4 cars.
B:1/3 of a car.
C:9 cars.
D:1 car.
答案: 【1 car.】
3、 问题:Dent ‘n’ Scratch Used Cars and Trucks employs 3 salesmen. Data for their sales last month are shown in this table:
选项：
A:1/4 of a car.
B:3 cars.
C:4 cars.
D:1/3 of a car.
答案: 【1/4 of a car.】
4、 问题:Dent ‘n’ Scratch Used Cars and Trucks employs 3 salesmen. Data for their sales last month are shown in this table:
选项：
A:less; greater
B:less; less
C:greater; greater
D:greater; less
答案: 【less; greater】
5、 问题:Dent ‘n’ Scratch Used Cars and Trucks employs 3 salesmen. Data for their sales last month are shown in this table:
选项：
A:Larry; Ralph
B:Larry; Joe
C:Joe; Ralph
D:Ralph; Larry
答案: 【Ralph; Larry】
6、 问题:The textbook notes that the last time a major league batter hit .400 was in 1941. This is because:
选项：
A:baseball diamonds have become larger.
B:the league imposes harsh penalties for steroid use.
C:the average quality of batters has fallen.
D:specialization by pitchers, infielders, and outfielders has made it harder for batters to hit.
答案: 【specialization by pitchers, infielders, and outfielders has made it harder for batters to hit.】
7、 问题:Ginger and Maryann are lost in the jungle, where the only things to eat are mangoes and fish. Ginger can gather more mangoes per hour than Maryann and can also catch more fish per hour than can Maryann. Therefore:
选项：
A:Ginger should specialize in the activity for which she has an absolute advantage.
B:Maryann should specialize in the activity for which she has a comparative advantage.
C:There are no gains to specialization and trade for Maryann.
D:There are no gains to specialization and trade for Ginger.
答案: 【Maryann should specialize in the activity for which she has a comparative advantage.】
8、 问题:In general, individuals and nations should specialize in producing those goods for which they have a(n):
选项：
A:absolutely comparative advantage.
B:comparative advantage.
C:absolute advantage and a comparative advantage.
D:absolute advantage.
答案: 【comparative advantage.】
9、 问题:In general, individuals and nations should specialize in producing goods __ other individuals or nations.
选项：
A:for which they have a lower opportunity cost compared to
B:that they can produce more quickly than
C:that they can produce less quickly than
D:for which they have a higher opportunity cost compared to
答案: 【for which they have a lower opportunity cost compared to】
10、 问题:A country is most likely to have a comparative advantage in the production of cars if:
选项：
A:it has strict environmental protection laws governing automobile emissions.
B:it imports most of the raw materials necessary to produce cars.
C:its citizens prefer driving cars to other forms of transportation.
D:it has a relative abundance in the natural resources needed to produce cars.
答案: 【it has a relative abundance in the natural resources needed to produce cars.】
11、 问题:The United States generally has a comparative advantage in the development of technology because it has:
选项：
A:large amounts of natural resources.
B:a disproportionate share of the world’s best research universities.
C:patent laws, which no other country has.
D:the greatest need for new technology.
答案: 【a disproportionate share of the world’s best research universities.】
12、 问题:The emergence of English as the de facto world language has __ a comparative advantage in the production of books, movies and popular music:
选项：
A:given non-English-speaking countries
B:given English-speaking countries
C:had no effect on which country has
D:given all countries
答案: 【given non-English-speaking countries】
13、 问题:The United States was unable to maintain its dominance in the production of televisions because:
选项：
A:the raw materials necessary to build televisions became scarce in the United States.
B:automated techniques allowed production to be outsourced to countries with less-skilled workers.
C:the highly technical skills necessary to produce televisions are greater in other countries.
D:the product designs evolved too rapidly for engineers in the United States to keep up.
答案: 【automated techniques allowed production to be outsourced to countries with less-skilled workers.】
14、 问题:A graph that illustrates the maximum amount of one good that can be produced for every possible level of production of the other good is called a(n):
选项：
A:supply curve.
B:production possibilities curve.
C:production function.
D:consumption possibilities curve.
答案: 【production possibilities curve.】
15、 问题:The production possibilities curve shows:
选项：
A:the maximum production of one good for every possible production level of the other good.
B:how increasing the resources used to produce one good increases the production of the other good.
C:how increasing the production of one good allows production of the other good to also rise.
D:the minimum production of one good for every possible production level of the other good.
答案: 【the maximum production of one good for every possible production level of the other good.】
16、 问题:Points that lie outside the production possibilities curve are _, and points that lie inside the production possibilities curve are _.
选项：
A:efficient; inefficient
B:attainable; unattainable
C:unattainable; attainable
D:inefficient; efficient
答案: 【unattainable; attainable】
17、 问题:Points that lie beneath the production possibilities curve are:
选项：
A:attainable but inefficient
B:attainable and efficient
C:unattainable and inefficient
D:unattainable but efficient
答案: 【attainable but inefficient】
18、 问题:If a country is producing at point where an increase in the production of one good requires a reduction in the production of another good, then it must be producing at an:
选项：
A:unattainable point.
B:efficient point.
C:inefficient point.
D:undesirable point.
答案: 【efficient point.】
19、 问题:Suppose Colin brews beer and makes cheese. If Colin can increase his production of beer without decreasing his production of cheese, then he is producing at an:
选项：
A:ideal point.
B:efficient point.
C:unattainable point.
D:inefficient point.
答案: 【inefficient point.】
20、 问题:The downward slope of the production possibilities curve illustrates the:
选项：
A:Principle of Comparative Advantage.
B:Cost-Benefit Principle.
C:Scarcity Principle.
D:Incentive Principle.
答案: 【Scarcity Principle.】
21、 问题:The figure below shows the production possibilities curve for the island of Genovia:
选项：
A:50 tons of agricultural products.
B:5,000 tons of agricultural products.
C:500 tons of agricultural products.
D:5 tons of agricultural products.
答案: 【50 tons of agricultural products.】
22、 问题:The figure below shows the production possibilities curve for the island of Genovia:
选项：
A:1 car.
B:1/5 of a car.
C:1/50 of a car.
D:1,000 cars.
答案: 【1/50 of a car.】
23、 问题:The figure below shows the production possibilities curve for the island of Genovia:
选项：
A:45,000
B:50,000
C:25,000
D:40,000
答案: 【25,000】
24、 问题:The slope of a production possibilities curve is _ because _.
选项：
A:negative; producing less of one good requires producing less of the other
B:positive; producing more of one good requires producing less of the other
C:negative; producing more of one good requires producing less of the other
D:positive; producing more of one good requires producing more of the other
答案: 【negative; producing more of one good requires producing less of the other】
25、 问题:The figure below shows Becky’s daily production possibilities curve for dresses and skirts.
选项：
A:W
B:V
C:T
D:U
答案: 【W】
26、 问题:The figure below shows Becky’s daily production possibilities curve for dresses and skirts.
选项：
A:V
B:Z
C:U
D:T
答案: 【V】
27、 问题:The figure below shows Becky’s daily production possibilities curve for dresses and skirts.
选项：
A:efficient.
B:unattainable.
C:inefficient.
D:attainable.
答案: 【unattainable.】
28、 问题:The figure below shows Becky’s daily production possibilities curve for dresses and skirts.
选项：
A:W, X, Y, Z, V, and T
B:X, Y, and Z
C:W, X, Y, Z, and V
D:T and U
答案: 【W, X, Y, Z, V, and T】
29、 问题:The figure below shows Becky’s daily production possibilities curve for dresses and skirts.
选项：
A:W, X, Y, Z, and V
B:X, Y, and Z
C:W, X, Y, Z, V, and T
D:T and U
答案: 【W, X, Y, Z, and V】
30、 问题:The figure below shows Becky’s daily production possibilities curve for dresses and skirts.
选项：
A:efficient
B:both attainable and efficient
C:neither attainable nor efficient
D:attainable
答案: 【attainable】
31、 问题:The figure below shows Becky’s daily production possibilities curve for dresses and skirts.
选项：
A:efficient; inefficient
B:inefficient; efficient
C:inefficient; inefficient
D:efficient; efficient
答案: 【efficient; efficient】
32、 问题:The figure below shows Becky’s daily production possibilities curve for dresses and skirts.
选项：
A:more dresses and more skirts are produced.
B:more dresses and fewer skirts are produced.
C:more skirts and fewer dresses are produced.
D:fewer skirts and fewer dresses are produced.
答案: 【more skirts and fewer dresses are produced.】
33、 问题:Refer to the figure below. For Pat, the opportunity cost of removing one bag of trash is planting:
选项：
A:1/100 of a bulb.
B:5 bulbs.
C:100 bulbs.
D:1/5 of a bulb.
答案: 【5 bulbs.】
34、 问题:Refer to the figure below. For Pat, the opportunity cost of planting one bulb is removing:
选项：
A:1/5 of a bag of trash.
B:20 bags of trash.
C:1/20 of a bag of trash.
D:5 bags of trash.
答案: 【1/5 of a bag of trash.】
35、 问题:Refer to the figure below. For Chris, the opportunity cost of removing one bag of trash is planting:
选项：
A:25 bulbs.
B:1/25 of a bulb.
C:1/3 of a bulb.
D:3 bulbs.
答案: 【3 bulbs.】
36、 问题:Refer to the figure below. For Chris, the opportunity cost of planting one bulb is removing:
选项：
A:1/3 of a bag of trash.
B:3 bags of trash.
C:1/25 of a bag of trash.
D:25 bags of trash.
答案: 【1/3 of a bag of trash.】
37、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If Pat and Chris were to specialize in the task in which each has a comparative advantage:
选项：
A:Pat and Chris would each spend half of their time each task.
B:Chris would plant bulbs and Pat would remove trash.
C:Chris would remove trash and Pat would plant bulbs.
D:both Pat and Chris would plant bulbs because they both have an absolute advantage in that task.
答案: 【Chris would remove trash and Pat would plant bulbs.】
38、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If Pat and Chris each spend half their time on each task, then:
选项：
A:the outcome will be efficient.
B:they will plant more bulbs and remove fewer bags of trash than if they had each specialized in the task at which they have a comparative advantage.
C:the outcome will be unattainable.
D:they will plant fewer bulbs and remove fewer bags of trash than if they each had specialized in the task at which they have a comparative advantage.
答案: 【they will plant fewer bulbs and remove fewer bags of trash than if they each had specialized in the task at which they have a comparative advantage.】
39、 问题:On a graph of a production possibilities curve, if a point is attainable, then it:
选项：
A:is efficient only if it does not exhaust all currently available resources.
B:must be efficient.
C:might or might not be efficient.
D:must completely exhaust all currently available resources.
答案: 【might or might not be efficient.】
40、 问题:Any combination of goods that can be produced with currently available resources is an:
选项：
A:inefficient point.
B:attainable point.
C:efficient point.
D:attainable and efficient point.
答案: 【attainable point.】
41、 问题:On a graph of a production possibilities curve, an inefficient point is:
选项：
A:necessarily an attainable point.
B:possibly an unattainable point.
C:necessarily an unattainable point.
D:not necessarily an attainable point.
答案: 【necessarily an attainable point.】
42、 问题:Consider a graph of a production possibilities curve. If a producer is operating at an inefficient point, then that producer:
选项：
A:can produce more of one good without producing less of the other good.
B:cannot produce more of one good without giving up some of the other good.
C:must be specializing in activities for which it has a comparative advantage.
D:must be at an unattainable point on the production possibilities curve.
答案: 【can produce more of one good without producing less of the other good.】
43、 问题:Points that lie below the production possibilities curve are inefficient because:
选项：
A:more of one good could be produced without producing less of the other.
B:producers face scarcity.
C:producing more of one good means producing less of the other.
D:too many goods are being produced.
答案: 【more of one good could be produced without producing less of the other.】
44、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Growing 1,000 bushels of wheat and no bushels of corn each year is:
选项：
A:efficient and attainable.
B:efficient but unattainable.
C:inefficient and unattainable.
D:inefficient but attainable.
答案: 【efficient and attainable.】
45、 问题:Refer to the figure below. It is efficient for this farmer to:
选项：
A:grow 500 bushels of wheat and 250 bushels of corn.
B:grow 500 bushels of wheat and 500 bushels of corn.
C:grow 1000 bushels of wheat and 500 bushels of corn.
D:grow 250 bushels of wheat and 500 bushels of corn.
答案: 【grow 500 bushels of wheat and 250 bushels of corn.】
46、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The opportunity cost of producing one bushel of corn is:
选项：
A:250 bushels of wheat.
B:500 bushels of wheat.
C:2 bushels of wheat.
D:½ of a bushel of wheat.
答案: 【2 bushels of wheat.】
47、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The opportunity cost of producing one bushel of wheat is:
选项：
A:2 bushels of corn.
B:500 bushels of corn.
C:1,000 bushels of corn.
D:½ of a bushel of corn.
答案: 【½ of a bushel of corn.】
48、 问题:If a given production combination is known to be attainable, then it:
选项：
A:must be on the production possibilities curve.
B:must be an efficient point.
C:could be either an inefficient or efficient point.
D:must be an inefficient point.
答案: 【could be either an inefficient or efficient point.】
49、 问题:If a given production combination is efficient, then it must be:
选项：
A:on the production possibilities curve.
B:above the production possibilities curve.
C:either an attainable or unattainable point.
D:below the production possibilities curve.
答案: 【on the production possibilities curve.】
50、 问题:Working efficiently, Jordan can write 3 essays and outline 4 chapters each week. It must be true that:
选项：
A:2 essays and 3 chapter outlines would be efficient.
B:3 essays and 5 chapter outlines would be unattainable.
C:4 essays and 3 chapter outlines would be both attainable and efficient.
D:6 essays and 0 chapter outlines would be unattainable.
答案: 【3 essays and 5 chapter outlines would be unattainable.】
51、 问题:Assume point A on a linear production possibilities curve represents the combination of 12 coffees and 3 cappuccinos, and point B represents 3 coffees and 6 cappuccinos. Suppose coffees are on the vertical axis and cappuccinos are on the horizontal axis. The absolute value of the slope of the production possibilities curve between points A and B equals:
选项：
A:4
B:1/3
C:3
D:6
答案: 【3】
52、 问题:Assume point A on a linear production possibilities curve represents the combination of 12 coffees and 3 cappuccinos, and point B represents 3 coffees and 6 cappuccinos. Suppose coffees are on the vertical axis and cappuccinos are on the horizontal axis. The opportunity cost of a cup of coffee is:
选项：
A:3 cappuccinos.
B:1/3 of a cappuccino.
C:6 cappuccinos.
D:9 cappuccinos.
答案: 【1/3 of a cappuccino.】
53、 问题:Generally, on a linear two-good production possibilities curve, the opportunity cost of the good measured on the vertical axis is:
选项：
A:the negative of the opportunity cost of the good measured on the horizontal axis.
B:one minus the opportunity cost of the good measured on the horizontal axis.
C:the absolute value of the slope of the production possibilities curve.
D:the reciprocal of the opportunity cost of the good measured on the horizontal axis.
答案: 【the reciprocal of the opportunity cost of the good measured on the horizontal axis.】
54、 问题:If a linear, two-good production possibilities curve has a slope of ‒2, then:
选项：
A:you have an absolute advantage in the good measured on the vertical axis.
B:you have a comparative advantage in the good measured on the vertical axis.
C:having an additional unit of the good measured on the vertical axis means giving up ½ of an unit of the good measured on the horizontal axis.
D:having an additional unit of the good measured on the vertical axis means giving up 2 units of the good measured on the horizontal axis.
答案: 【having an additional unit of the good measured on the vertical axis means giving up ½ of an unit of the good measured on the horizontal axis.】
55、 问题:The idea that tradeoffs have to be made when resources are scarce is reflected in the fact that:
选项：
A:points below the production possibilities curve are inefficient.
B:points below the production possibilities curve are efficient.
C:the production possibilities curve has a negative slope.
D:the slope of a linear production possibilities is constant.
答案: 【the production possibilities curve has a negative slope.】
56、 问题:In a two-person, two-good economy, the gains to specialization will be larger when:
选项：
A:neither person has an absolute advantage.
B:there are small differences between the individuals in their opportunity costs of producing the two goods.
C:there are large differences between the individuals in their opportunity costs of producing the two goods.
D:one person has an absolute advantage in both goods.
答案: 【there are large differences between the individuals in their opportunity costs of producing the two goods.】
57、 问题:According to the Principle of Increasing Opportunity Cost, in expanding the production of any good, we should start by utilizing the resources that:
选项：
A:have the lowest opportunity cost.
B:we have the least of.
C:have the highest opportunity cost.
D:we have the most of.
答案: 【have the lowest opportunity cost.】
58、 问题:Smith and Jones comprise a two-person economy. Their hourly rates of production are shown below.
选项：
A:0.6 computers; 1.2 computers
B:10 computers; 20 computers
C:1 computer; 0.5 computers
D:0.10 computers; 0.05 computers
答案: 【0.10 computers; 0.05 computers】
59、 问题:Smith and Jones comprise a two-person economy. Their hourly rates of production are shown below.
选项：
A:16.
B:10.
C:120.
D:6.
答案: 【16.】
60、 问题:Smith and Jones comprise a two-person economy. Their hourly rates of production are shown below.
选项：
A:45 minutes on computers and 15 on calculators; 1 hour on calculators
B:1 hour on computers; 20 minutes on computers and 40 minutes on calculators
C:30 minutes on each; 30 minutes on each
D:1 hour on computers; 40 minutes on computers and 20 minutes on calculators
答案: 【1 hour on computers; 40 minutes on computers and 20 minutes on calculators】
61、 问题:Smith and Jones comprise a two-person economy. Their hourly rates of production are shown below.
选项：
A:12 minutes on computers and 48 minutes on calculators; 1 hour on calculators
B:1 hour on calculators; 10 minutes on computers and 50 minutes on calculators
C:48 minutes on computers and 12 minutes on calculators; 1 hour on calculators
D:30 minutes on each; 30 minutes on each
答案: 【12 minutes on computers and 48 minutes on calculators; 1 hour on calculators】
62、 问题:Smith and Jones comprise a two-person economy. Their hourly rates of production are shown below.
选项：
A:produce only computers; split his time between computers and calculators
B:split his time between computers and calculators; produce only computers
C:produce only computers; produce only calculators
D:produce only calculators; produce only computers
答案: 【produce only computers; split his time between computers and calculators】
63、 问题:Smith and Jones comprise a two-person economy. Their hourly rates of production are shown below.
选项：
A:produce only computers; produce only calculators
B:produce only calculators; produce only computers
C:produce only calculators; split his time between computers and calculators
D:split his time between computers and calculators; produce only calculators
答案: 【split his time between computers and calculators; produce only calculators】
64、 问题:Smith and Jones comprise a two-person economy. Their hourly rates of production are shown below.
选项：
A:Jones; absolute advantage is smaller
B:Jones; opportunity costs are lower
C:Smith; opportunity costs are lower
D:Smith; absolute advantage is larger
答案: 【Jones; opportunity costs are lower】
65、 问题:Earth Movers & Shakers operates 3 iron ore mines. The table below shows each mine’s total daily production and the current number of miners at each mine. All miners work for the same wage, and each miner in any given mine produces the same number of tons per day as every other miner in that mine.
选项：
A:1 ton per day.
B:3 tons per day.
C:2 tons per day.
D:4 tons per day.
答案: 【4 tons per day.】
66、 问题:Earth Movers & Shakers operates 3 iron ore mines. The table below shows each mine’s total daily production and the current number of miners at each mine. All miners work for the same wage, and each miner in any given mine produces the same number of tons per day as every other miner in that mine.
选项：
A:0 tons per day.
B:5 tons per day.
C:3 tons per day.
D:4 tons per day.
答案: 【3 tons per day.】
67、 问题:Earth Movers & Shakers operates 3 iron ore mines. The table below shows each mine’s total daily production and the current number of miners at each mine. All miners work for the same wage, and each miner in any given mine produces the same number of tons per day as every other miner in that mine.
选项：
A:1 ton per day.
B:3 tons per day.
C:5 tons per day.
D:4 tons per day.
答案: 【5 tons per day.】
68、 问题:Earth Movers & Shakers operates 3 iron ore mines. The table below shows each mine’s total daily production and the current number of miners at each mine. All miners work for the same wage, and each miner in any given mine produces the same number of tons per day as every other miner in that mine.
选项：
A:take it all from Middle Drift.
B:take it all from Mother Lode.
C:take 30 tons from Scraping Bottom and 30 tons from Middle Drift.
D:take 20 tons from each of the three mines.
答案: 【take it all from Middle Drift.】
69、 问题:Earth Movers & Shakers operates 3 iron ore mines. The table below shows each mine’s total daily production and the current number of miners at each mine. All miners work for the same wage, and each miner in any given mine produces the same number of tons per day as every other miner in that mine.
选项：
A:take 75 tons from Middle Drift and 25 tons from Scraping Bottom.
B:take 30 tons from Scraping Bottom and 70 tons from Mother Lode.
C:take 75 tons from Middle Drift and 25 tons from Mother Lode.
D:take it all from Mother Lode.
答案: 【take 75 tons from Middle Drift and 25 tons from Mother Lode.】
70、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If this restaurant makes 75 salads in one hour, then what’s the maximum number of pizzas it can make in that same hour?
选项：
A:10
B:0
C:20
D:30
答案: 【30】
71、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Relative to point B, at point C this restaurant is:
选项：
A:making fewer pizzas and more salads.
B:making more pizzas and more salads.
C:operating more efficiently.
D:making more pizzas and fewer salads.
答案: 【making more pizzas and fewer salads.】
72、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Moving from point C to point B, the opportunity cost of 25 more salads is:
选项：
A:30 pizzas.
B:5 pizzas.
C:10 pizzas.
D:15 pizzas.
答案: 【5 pizzas.】
73、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Moving from point B to point A, the opportunity cost of 25 more salads is:
选项：
A:20 pizzas.
B:10 pizzas.
C:5 pizzas.
D:15 pizzas.
答案: 【10 pizzas.】
74、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The opportunity cost of making an additional salad:
选项：
A:decreases as the number of salads increases.
B:remains constant regardless of how many salads are made.
C:decreases as the number of pizzas decreases.
D:increases as the number of salads increases.
答案: 【increases as the number of salads increases.】
75、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If this restaurant goes from producing 20 to 25 pizzas per hour, then which of the following statements is true?
选项：
A:It has to give up fewer than 12.5 salads.
B:It has to give up more than 12.5 salads.
C:It has to give up exactly 25 salads.
D:It has to give up exactly 12.5 salads.
答案: 【It has to give up fewer than 12.5 salads.】
76、 问题:Refer to the figure below. As the production of pizza increases, the opportunity cost of producing pizza:
选项：
A:doesn’t change.
B:increases.
C:decreases.
D:become negative.
答案: 【increases.】
77、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Which of the following is true?
选项：
A:Points B, C, E and F are efficient.
B:Point A is efficient because it is farthest from the origin.
C:Point D is efficient because it requires using the fewest resources.
D:Point F is the most efficient because medical care is the highest there.
答案: 【Points B, C, E and F are efficient.】
78、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Suppose that the government requires that resources be used efficiently. Which of the following would the government definitely not allow?
选项：
A:Production at any point other than C.
B:Specialization in warhead production.
C:Production at point D.
D:Specialization in medical care production.
答案: 【Production at point D.】
79、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If this economy is currently producing at point C, then the opportunity cost of providing 100 additional units of medical care would be:
选项：
A:100 warheads.
B:800 warheads.
C:400 warheads.
D:200 warheads.
答案: 【400 warheads.】
80、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The opportunity cost of increasing medical care from 200 to 400 units is __ the opportunity cost of increasing medical care from 400 to 600 units.
选项：
A:twice as much as
B:less than
C:exactly the same as
D:greater than
答案: 【less than】
81、 问题:Production possibilities curves for large economies are generally bow-shaped because:
选项：
A:as more resources are used to produce a good, those resources become less expensive.
B:opportunity costs tend to increase with increases in production.
C:specialization gives some producers a comparative advantage.
D:opportunity costs tend to decrease with increases in production.
答案: 【opportunity costs tend to increase with increases in production.】
82、 问题:The Principle of Increasing Opportunity Costs states that:
选项：
A:when increasing production, resources with the lowest opportunity costs should be used first.
B:opportunity costs increase when too little is produced.
C:productive people do the hardest tasks first.
D:when increasing production, resources with the lowest opportunity costs should be used last.
答案: 【when increasing production, resources with the lowest opportunity costs should be used first.】
83、 问题:You have noticed that your next-door neighbor, Mary, always works in the garden, and her husband, Joe, always walks the dog. You conclude that if Joe and Mary are efficient, then it must be the case that:
选项：
A:Mary’s opportunity cost of walking the dog is lower than Joe’s.
B:Joe experiences increasing opportunity costs when he gardens, but not when he walks the dog.
C:Joe has a comparative advantage in walking the dog.
D:Mary has an absolute advantage in gardening.
答案: 【Joe has a comparative advantage in walking the dog.】
84、 问题:The benefits of specialization can be used to explain why:
选项：
A:individuals and nations benefit from trade.
B:workers prefer to work on a variety of tasks during the day.
C:big companies take advantage of smaller ones.
D:machines are more productive than human workers.
答案: 【individuals and nations benefit from trade.】
85、 问题:Moe divides his time between studying Physics and studying Economics. His production possibilities curve for his final grade in each class is shown below.
选项：
A:Moe can pass both classes.
B:Moe could earn an A in economics and still pass physics.
C:Moe can pass physics, but only if he fails economics.
D:Moe can pass economics, but only if he fails physics.
答案: 【Moe can pass both classes.】
86、 问题:Moe divides his time between studying Physics and studying Economics. His production possibilities curve for his final grade in each class is shown below.
选项：
A:Moe’s opportunity cost of studying for each subject is increasing.
B:Moe has an absolute advantage in economics.
C:Moe has a comparative advantage in physics.
D:Moe has a comparative advantage in economics.
答案: 【Moe’s opportunity cost of studying for each subject is increasing.】
87、 问题:Moe divides his time between studying Physics and studying Economics. His production possibilities curve for his final grade in each class is shown below.
选项：
A:has a higher opportunity cost than moving from an 80 to a 90.
B:is unattainable.
C:has a lower opportunity cost than moving from an 80 to a 90.
D:is inefficient.
答案: 【has a lower opportunity cost than moving from an 80 to a 90.】
88、 问题:Moe divides his time between studying Physics and studying Economics. His production possibilities curve for his final grade in each class is shown below.
选项：
A:less than the decrease in
B:more than the increase in
C:less than the increase in
D:more than the decrease in
答案: 【less than the increase in】
89、 问题:Moe divides his time between studying Physics and studying Economics. His production possibilities curve for his final grade in each class is shown below.
选项：
A:lower than the opportunity cost of going from 80 to 90 in physics.
B:the same as the opportunity cost of going from 70 to 80 in physics.
C:higher than the opportunity cost of going from 80 to 90 in economics.
D:lower than the opportunity cost of going from 80 to 90 in economics.
答案: 【lower than the opportunity cost of going from 80 to 90 in economics.】
90、 问题:Moe divides his time between studying Physics and studying Economics. His production possibilities curve for his final grade in each class is shown below.
选项：
A:attainable
B:inefficient
C:efficient
D:unattainable
答案: 【unattainable】
91、 问题:Refer to the figure below. For the nation whose PPC is shown, it must be true that:
选项：
A:the nation’s productive resources are better-suited to making milk than to making movies.
B:the nation’s productive resources are better-suited to making movies than to making milk.
C:the nation has a comparative advantage in making milk.
D:some of the nation’s productive resources are better-suited to making milk, and some are better-suited to making movies.
答案: 【some of the nation’s productive resources are better-suited to making milk, and some are better-suited to making movies.】
92、 问题:Refer to the figure below. At point D, the opportunity cost of making milk is:
选项：
A:high because productive resources that are better-suited to making movies are not being used to make milk.
B:low because the economy is specializing in making milk.
C:high because the economy is not operating efficiently.
D:high because productive resources that are better-suited to making movies are being used to make milk.
答案: 【high because productive resources that are better-suited to making movies are being used to make milk.】
93、 问题:Refer to the figure below. This economy would be operating at point B if:
选项：
A:it was operating efficiently.
B:resources that are better-suited to making movies were being used to make milk, while resources that are better-suited to making milk were being used to make movies.
C:the opportunity cost of making milk were higher than the opportunity cost of making movies.
D:the opportunity cost of making movies were higher than the opportunity cost of making milk.
答案: 【resources that are better-suited to making movies were being used to make milk, while resources that are better-suited to making milk were being used to make movies.】
94、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If this economy were currently operating at point D, then in order to make more movies:
选项：
A:no productive resources would need to switch from making milk to movies because point D is already efficient.
B:the first productive resources to switch to making movies should be those with the highest opportunity cost of making milk.
C:the first productive resources to switch to making movies should be those with the lowest opportunity cost of making milk.
D:no productive resources would need to switch from making milk to movies because each resource should continue to be used according to its comparative advantage.
答案: 【the first productive resources to switch to making movies should be those with the highest opportunity cost of making milk.】
95、 问题:The figure below shows Avery’s weekly production possibilities curve for scarves.
选项：
A:decreasing.
B:1 blue scarf.
C:increasing.
D:zero.
答案: 【1 blue scarf.】
96、 问题:The figure below shows Avery’s weekly production possibilities curve for scarves.
选项：
A:knits fewer red scarves and more blue scarves each week.
B:knits more red scarves and fewer blue scarves each week.
C:devotes less time to knitting each week.
D:devotes more time to knitting each week.
答案: 【devotes more time to knitting each week.】
97、 问题:Economic growth can result from a(n):
选项：
A:increase in the amount of productive resources.
B:increase in the amount of consumer goods produced.
C:decrease in the number of workers available.
D:increase in number of the minimum wage jobs.
答案: 【increase in the amount of productive resources.】
98、 问题:Which of the following is NOT a reason why there are gains to specialization?
选项：
A:It further improves skills through experience and practice.
B:It increases the amount productive resources in the economy.
C:It eliminates many of the costs of switching from one task to another.
D:It allows individuals to concentrate on the activities in which they have a comparative advantage.
答案: 【It increases the amount productive resources in the economy.】
99、 问题:An increase in an economy’s productive resources will lead the production possibilities curve to:
选项：
A:stay the same.
B:shift inward.
C:shift outward.
D:become flatter.
答案: 【shift outward.】
100、 问题:Suppose that Nepal invests less in new factories and equipment than does the United States. This will likely cause:
选项：
A:The U.S.’s production possibilities curve to shift outward faster than Nepal’s.
B:The U.S.’s production possibilities curve to shift inward faster than Nepal’s.
C:Nepal’s production possibilities curve to shift inward faster than the U.S.’s.
D:Nepal’s production possibilities curve to shift outward faster than the U.S.’s.
答案: 【The U.S.’s production possibilities curve to shift outward faster than Nepal’s.】
101、 问题:If a nation restricts imports, it will:
选项：
A:harm each individual citizen in that nation.
B:benefit each individual citizen in that nation.
C:increase the total value of goods and services produced in that nation.
D:decrease the total value of goods and services produced in that nation.
答案: 【decrease the total value of goods and services produced in that nation.】
102、 问题:Regarding specialization, it is generally true that:
选项：
A:more specialization is always worse.
B:less specialization is always better.
C:more specialization is always better.
D:specialization imposes costs as well as benefits.
答案: 【specialization imposes costs as well as benefits.】
103、 问题:You are the Minister of Trade for a small island country with the following annual PPC:
选项：
A:gains from trade because your island has a comparative advantage in coconuts.
B:no gains from trade because the other island has an absolute advantage.
C:no gains from trade because your both have the same comparative advantage.
D:no gains from trade because there is no difference in your ability to harvest coconuts.
答案: 【gains from trade because your island has a comparative advantage in coconuts.】
104、 问题:You are the Minister of Trade for a small island country with the following annual PPC:
选项：
A:accept their offer because you do not have an absolute advantage in fish.
B:accept their offer because you do not have the comparative advantage in fish.
C:refuse their offer because the opportunity cost to you of a coconut is less than 2 fish.
D:refuse their offer because the opportunity cost to you of a coconut is more than 2 fish.
答案: 【refuse their offer because the opportunity cost to you of a coconut is more than 2 fish.】
105、 问题:You are the Minister of Trade for a small island country with the following annual PPC:
选项：
A:4
B:3
C:2
D:5
答案: 【3】
106、 问题:You are the Minister of Trade for a small island country with the following annual PPC:
选项：
A:refuse your offer because they have a comparative advantage in fish.
B:accept your offer because your opportunity cost of a coconuts is less than 4 fish.
C:accept your offer because their opportunity cost of a coconut is greater than 4 fish.
D:refuse your offer because they can produce as many coconuts as you can.
答案: 【accept your offer because their opportunity cost of a coconut is greater than 4 fish.】
107、 问题:You are the Minister of Trade for a small island country with the following annual PPC:
选项：
A:150; 1,300
B:500; 1,500
C:500; 1,300
D:150; 2,800
答案: 【150; 1,300】
108、 问题:You are the Minister of Trade for a small island country with the following annual PPC:
选项：
A:350; 1,500
B:350; 1,200
C:850; 1,200
D:500; 1,200
答案: 【350; 1,200】
109、 问题:If country A can produce more of practically everything than can country B, then which of the following statements is true?
选项：
A:Country A has no incentive to trade with country B.
B:Trade can benefit both countries.
C:Country B has no incentive to trade with country A.
D:Country B cannot have a comparative advantage in the production of any good that country A wants to buy.
答案: 【Trade can benefit both countries.】
110、 问题:As the differences in opportunity costs between the U.S. and its trading partners increase, the potential gains from specialization and trade __.
选项：
A:become unpredictable
B:decrease
C:stay the same
D:increase
答案: 【increase】
111、 问题:One reason there is political opposition to international trade is that:
选项：
A:trade does not increase the total value of goods and services produced by a nation.
B:the differences in opportunity costs between countries are small.
C:not everyone benefits from trade.
D:the potential gains from specialization and trade are small.
答案: 【not everyone benefits from trade.】
112、 问题:One concern regarding the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFT was that it would lead:
选项：
A:wages in Mexico to rise.
B:highly skilled workers in the United States to lose their jobs.
C:unskilled workers in the United States to lose their jobs.
D:the total value of goods and services produced by the United States to fall.
答案: 【unskilled workers in the United States to lose their jobs.】
113、 问题:When a nation reduces the barriers to international trade:
选项：
A:the total value of all goods and services produced by the nation falls.
B:each individual citizen becomes worse off.
C:the total value of all goods and serviced produced by the nation rises.
D:each individual citizen becomes better off.
答案: 【the total value of all goods and serviced produced by the nation rises.】
114、 问题:The benefits to specialization are even greater when two trading partners have:
选项：
A:absolute advantages in producing the same goods.
B:very similar opportunity costs.
C:large differences in opportunity costs.
D:similar consumption preferences.
答案: 【large differences in opportunity costs.】
115、 问题:According to the textbook, the evidence indicates that NAFTA has:
选项：
A:not significantly reduced the employment of unskilled workers in the United States.
B:reduced the employment of unskilled workers in the United States significantly.
C:stopped illegal immigration from Mexico.
D:reduced the wages of skilled workers in the United States.
答案: 【not significantly reduced the employment of unskilled workers in the United States.】
116、 问题:According to the textbook, NAFTA was expected to help which country exploit its comparative advantage in the production of goods made by unskilled labor?
选项：
A:The U.S.A.
B:Mexico
C:Canada
D:Cuba
答案: 【Mexico】
117、 问题:Outsourcing is a term increasingly used to refer to the act of:
选项：
A:hiring illegal immigrants.
B:replacing relatively expensive American workers with low-wage workers overseas.
C:importing raw materials into the United States from other countries.
D:exporting final goods to other countries.
答案: 【replacing relatively expensive American workers with low-wage workers overseas.】
118、 问题:The fundamental reason firms outsource is that:
选项：
A:U.S. workers cannot perform the tasks performed by workers in other countries.
B:low-wage workers in other countries are more productive than are U.S. workers.
C:hiring low-wage workers overseas reduces firms’ costs.
D:outsourcing increases employment overseas.
答案: 【hiring low-wage workers overseas reduces firms’ costs.】
119、 问题:When a U.S. firm engages in outsourcing, it benefits _ and harms _.
选项：
A:the firm; the U.S. consumers of the firm’s products
B:the U.S. consumers of the firm’s products; the firm
C:the U.S. consumers of the firm’s products; the firm’s foreign employees
D:the U.S. consumers of the firm’s products; the firm’s U.S. employees
答案: 【the U.S. consumers of the firm’s products; the firm’s U.S. employees】
120、 问题:All else equal, the jobs that are the least likely to be outsourced are those that:
选项：
A:require face-to-face communication.
B:can be done by a computer.
C:do not involve face-to-face contact.
D:can be broken down into series of well-defined steps.
答案: 【require face-to-face communication.】
121、 问题:Which of the following jobs is least likely to be outsourced?
选项：
A:Flipping hamburgers
B:Software design
C:Technical assistance over the phone for your computer
D:Transcription of physicians’ records
答案: 【Flipping hamburgers】
122、 问题:An individual has an absolute advantage in producing pizzas if that individual:
选项：
A:can produce more pizzas in a given amount of time than anyone else.
B:charges the lowest price for pizzas.
C:has a higher opportunity cost of producing pizzas than anyone else.
D:has a lower opportunity cost of producing pizzas than anyone else.
答案: 【can produce more pizzas in a given amount of time than anyone else.】
123、 问题:If Al has an absolute advantage over Beth in preparing meals, then:
选项：
A:Al’s opportunity cost of preparing a meal is lower than is Beth’s.
B:Al can prepare more meals in a given time period than Beth.
C:the problem of scarcity applies to Beth but not to Al.
D:it takes Al more time to prepare a meal than Beth.
答案: 【Al can prepare more meals in a given time period than Beth.】
124、 问题:If Les can produce two pairs of pants per hour while Eva can produce one pair per hour, then it must be true that:
选项：
A:Les has an absolute advantage in producing pants.
B:Les has a comparative advantage in producing pants.
C:Eva has a comparative advantage in producing pants.
D:Les has both comparative and absolute advantage in producing pants.
答案: 【Les has an absolute advantage in producing pants.】
125、 问题:If a nation can produce a more computers per year than any other nation, that nation has a(n advantage in the production of computers.
选项：
A:relative
B:natural
C:comparative
D:absolute
答案: 【absolute】
126、 问题:If you have a comparative advantage in a particular task, then:
选项：
A:you have specialized in that task, while others have not.
B:you give up less to accomplish that task than do others.
C:you are better at it than other people.
D:you give up more to accomplish that task than do others.
答案: 【you give up less to accomplish that task than do others.】
127、 问题:Larry has a comparative advantage over his classmates in writing term papers if he:
选项：
A:has an absolute advantage in writing term papers.
B:can write term papers faster than his classmates.
C:always earns an A on his term papers.
D:has a lower opportunity cost of writing term papers than his classmates.
答案: 【has a lower opportunity cost of writing term papers than his classmates.】
128、 问题:If a nation has the lowest opportunity cost of producing a good, that nation has a(n in the production of that good.
选项：
A:absolute advantage
B:comparative advantage
C:comparative advantage and an absolute advantage
D:absolute advantage and possibly a comparative advantage.
答案: 【comparative advantage】
129、 问题:Which of the following statements is true?
选项：
A:Comparative advantage does not require absolute advantage.
B:Absolute advantage implies comparative advantage.
C:Absolute advantage requires comparative advantage.
D:Comparative advantage requires absolute advantage.
答案: 【Comparative advantage does not require absolute advantage.】
130、 问题:If Jane can produce 3 pairs of shoes per hour, while Bob can produce 2, then __ has a(n advantage in producing shoes.
选项：
A:Bob; comparative
B:Jane; absolute
C:Jane; comparative
D:Bob; absolute
答案: 【Jane; absolute】
131、 问题:Refer to the table below. According to the table, Martha has the absolute advantage in:
选项：
A:neither pies nor cakes.
B:cakes.
C:both pies and cakes.
D:pies.
答案: 【neither pies nor cakes.】
132、 问题:Refer to the table below. According to the table, Julia has the absolute advantage in:
选项：
A:both pies and cakes.
B:pies.
C:cakes.
D:neither pies nor cakes.
答案: 【both pies and cakes.】
133、 问题:Refer to the table below. Martha’s opportunity cost of making of a pie is:
选项：
A:4/3 of a cake.
B:80 cakes.
C:3/4 of a cake.
D:8 cakes.
答案: 【3/4 of a cake.】
134、 问题:Refer to the table below. Martha’s opportunity cost of making a cake is:
选项：
A:6 pies.
B:3/4 of a pie.
C:4/3 of a pie.
D:60 pies.
答案: 【4/3 of a pie.】
135、 问题:Refer to the table below. Julia’s opportunity cost of making a pie is:
选项：
A:60 cakes
B:6 cakes
C:5/6 of a cake
D:6/5 of a cake
答案: 【5/6 of a cake】
136、 问题:Refer to the table below. Julia’s opportunity cost of making a cake is:
选项：
A:6 pies
B:5/6 of a pie
C:6/5 of a pie
D:60 pies
答案: 【6/5 of a pie】
137、 问题:Refer to the table below. _ has the comparative advantage in making pies and _ the comparative advantage in making cakes.
选项：
A:Julia; Julia
B:Julia; Martha
C:Martha; Martha
D:Martha; Julia
答案: 【Martha; Julia】
138、 问题:Refer to the table below. Based on their comparative advantage, Martha should specialize in __ while Julia should specialize in _.
选项：
A:cakes; pies
B:pies; cakes
C:both pies and cakes; neither pies nor cakes
D:neither pies nor cakes; both pies and cakes
答案: 【pies; cakes】
139、 问题:Suppose it takes Dan 5 minutes to make a sandwich and 15 minutes to make a smoothie, and it takes Tracy 6 minutes to make a sandwich and 12 minutes to make a smoothie. What is the opportunity cost to Dan of making a sandwich?
选项：
A:1/3 of a smoothie
B:5 smoothies
C:15 smoothies
D:3 smoothies
答案: 【1/3 of a smoothie】
140、 问题:Suppose it takes Dan 5 minutes to make a sandwich and 15 minutes to make a smoothie, and it takes Tracy 6 minutes to make a sandwich and 12 minutes to make a smoothie. Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Dan has the comparative advantage in smoothies, but Tracy has the absolute advantage in smoothies.
B:Dan has the comparative and absolute advantage in smoothies.
C:Dan has the comparative advantage in sandwiches, but Tracy has the absolute advantage in sandwiches.
D:Dan has the comparative and absolute advantage in sandwiches.
答案: 【Dan has the comparative and absolute advantage in sandwiches.】
141、 问题:Suppose it takes Dan 5 minutes to make a sandwich and 15 minutes to make a smoothie, and it takes Tracy 6 minutes to make a sandwich and 12 minutes to make a smoothie. Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Dan should specialize in sandwiches, and Tracy should specialize in smoothies.
B:Tracy should specialize in sandwiches and smoothies.
C:Dan should specialize in both sandwiches and smoothies.
D:Dan should specialize in smoothies, and Tracy should specialize in sandwiches.
答案: 【Dan should specialize in sandwiches, and Tracy should specialize in smoothies.】
142、 问题:Suppose it takes Paul 3 hours to bake a cake and 2 hours to move the lawn, and suppose it takes Tom 2 hours to bake a cake and 1 hour to mow the lawn. Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Paul has the absolute advantage in baking cakes.
B:Paul has the absolute advantage in mowing the lawn.
C:Paul has the comparative in mowing the lawn.
D:Paul has the comparative in baking cakes.
答案: 【Paul has the comparative in baking cakes.】
143、 问题:Suppose Cathy and Lewis work in a bakery making pies and cakes. Suppose it takes Cathy 1.5 hours to make a pie and 1 hour to make a cake, and suppose it takes Lewis 2 hours to make a pie and 1.5 hours to make a cake. Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Lewis has a comparative advantage in pies, and Cathy has an absolute advantage in pies.
B:Lewis has a comparative and absolute advantage in pies.
C:Cathy has a comparative and absolute advantage in pies.
D:Cathy has a comparative advantage in pies, and Lewis has an absolute advantage in pies.
答案: 【Lewis has a comparative advantage in pies, and Cathy has an absolute advantage in pies.】
144、 问题:Suppose Cathy and Lewis work in a bakery making pies and cakes. Suppose it takes Cathy 1.5 hours to make a pie and 1 hour to make a cake, and suppose it takes Lewis 2 hours to make a pie and 1.5 hours to make a cake. Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Lewis should specialize in pies, and Cathy should specialize in cakes.
B:Cathy should specialize in pies, and Lewis should specialize in cakes.
C:Cathy should specialize in both pies and cakes.
D:There are no gains from specialization and trade.
答案: 【Lewis should specialize in pies, and Cathy should specialize in cakes.】
145、 问题:Suppose Cathy and Lewis work in a bakery making pies and cakes. Suppose it takes Cathy 1.5 hours to make a pie and 1 hour to make a cake, and suppose it takes Lewis 2 hours to make a pie and 1.5 hours to make a cake. What is the opportunity cost to Cathy of making a cake?
选项：
A:2/3 of a pie.
B:1.5 pies.
C:1 pie.
D:1.33 pies.
答案: 【2/3 of a pie.】
146、 问题:According to Table 02-01, Corey has the absolute advantage in:
选项：
A:neither making nor delivering pizza.
B:making and delivering pizza.
C:making pizza.
D:delivering pizza.
答案: 【making pizza.】
147、 问题:According to Table 02-01, Pat has the absolute advantage in:
选项：
A:delivering pizza.
B:making and delivering pizza.
C:neither making nor delivering pizza.
D:making pizza.
答案: 【delivering pizza.】
148、 问题:According to Table 02-01, Corey’s opportunity cost of making of a pizza is delivering:
选项：
A:2 pizzas.
B:2/3 of a pizza.
C:1/2 of a pizza.
D:3/2 of a pizza.
答案: 【1/2 of a pizza.】
149、 问题:According to Table 02-01, Corey’s opportunity cost of delivering of a pizza is making:
选项：
A:12 pizzas.
B:1/2 of a pizza.
C:2 pizzas.
D:6 pizzas.
答案: 【2 pizzas.】
150、 问题:According to Table 02-01, Pat’s opportunity cost of making a pizza is delivering:
选项：
A:3 pizzas
B:2/3 of a pizza
C:3/2 of a pizza
D:2 pizzas
答案: 【3/2 of a pizza】
151、 问题:According to Table 02-01, Pat’s opportunity cost of delivering a pizza is making:
选项：
A:2/3 of a pizza
B:10 pizzas
C:3/2 of a pizza
D:12 pizzas
答案: 【2/3 of a pizza】
152、 问题:Refer to Table 02-01. _ has the comparative advantage in making pizza, and _ has the comparative advantage in delivering pizza.
选项：
A:Corey; Pat
B:Corey; Corey
C:Pat; Corey
D:Pat; Pat
答案: 【Corey; Pat】
153、 问题:Refer to Table 02-01. Based on their comparative advantages, Pat should specialize in _, and Corey should specialize in _.
选项：
A:both making pizza and delivering pizza; neither making pizza nor delivering pizza
B:neither making pizza nor delivering pizza; both making pizza and delivering pizza
C:making pizza; delivering pizza
D:delivering pizza; making pizza
答案: 【delivering pizza; making pizza】
154、 问题:Lou and Alex live together and share household chores. They like to cook some meals ahead of time and eat leftovers. The table below shows the number of rooms they can each clean and the number of meals they can each cook in an hour. Which of the following is true?
选项：
A:Lou has a comparative advantage over Alex in cleaning.
B:Alex has both an absolute advantage and a comparative advantage over Lou in both tasks.
C:Lou has both an absolute advantage and a comparative advantage over Alex in both tasks.
D:Alex has a comparative advantage over Lou in cleaning.
答案: 【Lou has a comparative advantage over Alex in cleaning.】
155、 问题:Lou and Alex live together and share household chores. They like to cook some meals ahead of time and eat leftovers. The table below shows the number of rooms they can each clean and the number of meals they can each cook in an hour. If Alex and Lou work out an efficient arrangement for these two chores, then under that arrangement:
选项：
A:Lou would do all of the cleaning and all of the cooking.
B:Alex would do all of the cleaning, while Lou would do all the cooking.
C:Lou would do all of the cleaning, while Alex would do all of the cooking.
D:Alex and Lou each would do half of the cooking and half of the cleaning.
答案: 【Lou would do all of the cleaning, while Alex would do all of the cooking.】
156、 问题:Lou and Alex live together and share household chores. They like to cook some meals ahead of time and eat leftovers. The table below shows the number of rooms they can each clean and the number of meals they can each cook in an hour. For Alex, the opportunity cost of cleaning one room is making _ meal(s); for Lou the opportunity cost of cleaning one room is making _ meal(s).
选项：
A:1; 4/5
B:1; 5/4
C:4; 4
D:3; 5
答案: 【1; 4/5】
157、 问题:Dent ‘n’ Scratch Used Cars and Trucks employs 3 salesmen. Data for their sales last month are shown in this table:
选项：
A:Larry; Joe
B:Joe; Joe
C:Ralph; Larry
D:Larry; Ralph
答案: 【Larry; Ralph】
第三讲 供给和需求 课后测验3
小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容
1、 问题:
选项：
A:less than $40.
B:nonexistent.
C:greater than $50.
D:between $40 and $50.
答案: 【between $40 and $50.】
2、 问题:An increase in the demand for GM automobiles results in:
选项：
A:a lower equilibrium quantity of GM automobiles.
B:a lower equilibrium price for GM automobiles.
C:an increase in the quantity supplied of GM automobiles.
D:an increase in the supply of GM automobiles.
答案: 【an increase in the quantity supplied of GM automobiles.】
3、 问题:Which of the following is NOT a determinant of demand for gasoline?
选项：
A:The quantity of gasoline supplied.
B:The price of diesel.
C:Consumers’ incomes.
D:The price of automobiles.
答案: 【The quantity of gasoline supplied.】
4、 问题:When the supply of a good decreases, consumers will eventually:
选项：
A:increase their quantity demanded.
B:decrease their demand.
C:decrease their quantity demanded.
D:increase their preferences for the good.
答案: 【decrease their quantity demanded.】
5、 问题:In general, when the supply curve shifts to the left and demand is constant then:
选项：
A:the equilibrium price will rise.
B:the equilibrium price will fall.
C:the market cannot reestablish an equilibrium.
D:the equilibrium quantity will rise.
答案: 【the equilibrium price will rise.】
6、 问题:
选项：
A:both price and quantity would be lower.
B:price would be higher and quantity would be lower.
C:both price and quantity would be higher.
D:quantity would be lower, but the direction of the price change cannot be determined.
答案: 【quantity would be lower, but the direction of the price change cannot be determined.】
7、 问题:
选项：
A:price will also increase substantially.
B:demand will also increase.
C:the quantity demanded will increase.
D:the quantity demanded will decrease.
答案: 【the quantity demanded will increase.】
8、 问题:
选项：
A:excess demand, which will cause prices to fall to a new equilibrium.
B:excess demand, which will cause prices to rise to a new equilibrium.
C:excess supply, which will cause prices to fall to a new equilibrium.
D:excess supply, which will cause prices to rise to a new equilibrium.
答案: 【excess supply, which will cause prices to fall to a new equilibrium.】
9、 问题:In general, when the demand curve shifts to the right and supply remains constant then:
选项：
A:the market cannot reestablish an equilibrium.
B:quantity demanded will rise.
C:the equilibrium price will fall.
D:the equilibrium quantity will rise.
答案: 【the equilibrium quantity will rise.】
10、 问题:Suppose that the equilibrium price of rice falls and the equilibrium quantity falls. Which of the following best fits the observed data?
选项：
A:A decrease in demand with supply constant.
B:An increase in demand coupled with a decrease in supply.
C:An increase in demand coupled with an increase in supply.
D:An increase in demand with supply constant.
答案: 【A decrease in demand with supply constant.】
11、 问题:Suppose that the equilibrium price of DVD players increases and the equilibrium quantity increases. Which of the following best fits the observed data?
选项：
A:A decrease in demand with supply constant.
B:An increase in demand coupled with an increase in supply.
C:An increase in demand with supply constant.
D:An increase in demand coupled with a decrease in supply.
答案: 【An increase in demand with supply constant.】
12、 问题:Suppose that the equilibrium price of T-shirts increases and the equilibrium quantity falls. Which of the following best fits the observed data?
选项：
A:A decrease in supply with demand constant.
B:A decrease in demand with supply constant.
C:An increase in demand with supply constant.
D:An increase in demand coupled with an increase in supply.
答案: 【A decrease in supply with demand constant.】
13、 问题:Suppose that the equilibrium price of apples falls and the equilibrium quantity increases. Which of the following best fits the observed data?
选项：
A:An increase in demand coupled with an increase in supply.
B:An increase in supply with demand constant.
C:A decrease in supply with demand constant.
D:An increase in demand with supply constant.
答案: 【An increase in supply with demand constant.】
14、 问题:
选项：
A:fall; fall
B:rise; fall
C:fall; rise
D:rise; rise
答案: 【fall; rise】
15、 问题:
选项：
A:rise; fall
B:fall; rise
C:fall; fall
D:rise; rise
答案: 【rise; fall】
16、 问题:
选项：
A:the equilibrium quantity would increase and the equilibrium price would increase.
B:the equilibrium quantity would decrease and the equilibrium price would remain the same.
C:the equilibrium quantity would increase and the equilibrium price would remain the same.
D:the equilibrium quantity would remain the same and the equilibrium price would increase.
答案: 【the equilibrium quantity would increase and the equilibrium price would increase.】
17、 问题:If a market is in equilibrium and demand increases while supply decreases, the change in the equilibrium price is _ and the change in the equilibrium quantity is _.
选项：
A:indeterminate; positive
B:positive; indeterminate
C:positive; negative
D:positive; positive
答案: 【positive; indeterminate】
18、 问题:If both supply and demand increase simultaneously, the new equilibrium price is _ and the new equilibrium quantity is _.
选项：
A:higher; indeterminate
B:lower; indeterminate
C:lower; lower
D:indeterminate; higher
答案: 【indeterminate; higher】
19、 问题:If both supply and demand decrease simultaneously, the new equilibrium price is _ and the new equilibrium quantity is _.
选项：
A:indeterminate; higher
B:indeterminate; lower
C:lower; indeterminate
D:lower; lower
答案: 【indeterminate; lower】
20、 问题:If supply decreases while demand increases simultaneously, the new equilibrium price is _ and the new equilibrium quantity is _.
选项：
A:lower; indeterminate
B:higher; indeterminate
C:indeterminate; higher
D:lower; lower
答案: 【higher; indeterminate】
21、 问题:Suppose that both the equilibrium price and quantity of ketchup fall. The most consistent explanation for these observations is:
选项：
A:a decrease in demand for ketchup with no change in supply.
B:an increase in demand for ketchup with no change in supply.
C:an increase in the supply of ketchup with no change in demand.
D:an increase in demand for ketchup and a decrease in the supply of ketchup.
答案: 【a decrease in demand for ketchup with no change in supply.】
22、 问题:Suppose that the equilibrium price of pickles falls while the equilibrium quantity rises. The most consistent explanation for these observations is:
选项：
A:an increase in demand for pickles with no change in supply.
B:a decrease in demand for pickles with no change in supply.
C:an increase in the supply of pickles with no change in demand.
D:a decrease in the supply of pickles and a decrease in the demand for pickles.
答案: 【an increase in the supply of pickles with no change in demand.】
23、 问题:Suppose that the equilibrium price of French fries rises while the equilibrium quantity falls. The most consistent explanation for these observations is:
选项：
A:a decrease in demand for French fries with no change in supply.
B:a decrease in the supply of French fries with no change in demand.
C:an increase in demand for French fries with no change in supply.
D:an increase in the supply of French fries and an increase in the demand for French fries.
答案: 【a decrease in the supply of French fries with no change in demand.】
24、 问题:Assume the demand for coffee increases while the supply decreases. Which of the following outcomes is certain to occur?
选项：
A:The equilibrium price of coffee will fall.
B:The equilibrium quantity of coffee will rise.
C:The equilibrium price of coffee will rise.
D:The equilibrium quantity of coffee will fall.
答案: 【The equilibrium price of coffee will rise.】
25、 问题:Assume the demand for sugar decreases while the supply of sugar increases. Which of the following outcomes is certain to occur?
选项：
A:The equilibrium price of sugar will rise.
B:The equilibrium price of sugar will fall.
C:The equilibrium quantity of sugar will rise.
D:The equilibrium quantity of sugar will fall.
答案: 【The equilibrium price of sugar will fall.】
26、 问题:Assume both the demand and the supply of beef decrease. Which of the following outcomes is certain to occur?
选项：
A:The equilibrium quantity of beef will fall.
B:The equilibrium price of beef will rise.
C:The equilibrium quantity of beef will rise.
D:The equilibrium price of beef will fall.
答案: 【The equilibrium quantity of beef will fall.】
27、 问题:Assume both the demand and the supply of bagels increase. Which of the following outcomes is certain to occur?
选项：
A:The equilibrium price of bagels will rise.
B:The equilibrium price of bagels will fall.
C:The equilibrium quantity of bagels will fall.
D:The equilibrium quantity of bagels will rise.
答案: 【The equilibrium quantity of bagels will rise.】
28、 问题:
选项：
A:an increase in supply and an increase in demand.
B:an increase in supply and an increase in quantity demanded.
C:an increase in quantity supplied and an increase in demand.
D:a decrease in supply and an increase in quantity demanded.
答案: 【an increase in quantity supplied and an increase in demand.】
29、 问题:
选项：
A:a decrease in supply and an increase in quantity demanded.
B:an increase in quantity supplied and an increase in demand.
C:an increase in supply and an increase in demand.
D:an increase in supply and an increase in quantity demanded.
答案: 【an increase in supply and an increase in quantity demanded.】
30、 问题:
选项：
A:an increase in supply and an increase in quantity demanded.
B:an increase in supply and an increase in demand.
C:a decrease in supply and an increase in quantity demanded.
D:an increase in quantity supplied and an increase in demand.
答案: 【an increase in supply and an increase in demand.】
31、 问题:Suppose that both supply and demand for iPads decrease. One can predict that the:
选项：
A:equilibrium quantity will fall but the equilibrium price can rise or fall.
B:equilibrium price will rise but the equilibrium quantity can increase or decrease.
C:equilibrium price and quantity will decrease.
D:equilibrium price and quantity will rise.
答案: 【equilibrium quantity will fall but the equilibrium price can rise or fall.】
32、 问题:An outcome is socially optimal if it:
选项：
A:maximizes total economic surplus.
B:follows from collective action.
C:follows from a market equilibrium.
D:leaves no money on the table.
答案: 【maximizes total economic surplus.】
33、 问题:Efficiency occurs when:
选项：
A:the government does not interfere with market prices.
B:the individually rational quantity of goods and services is being produced.
C:a market is in equilibrium.
D:the socially optimal quantity of goods and services is being produced.
答案: 【the socially optimal quantity of goods and services is being produced.】
34、 问题:Efficiency is an important goal in economics because it:
选项：
A:assures a higher level of output.
B:assures a fair outcome.
C:takes into consideration the distribution of income.
D:assures a normative outcome.
答案: 【assures a higher level of output.】
35、 问题:Assume that Joe is willing to produce another hamburger that costs $1 to make. Mary is hungry and is willing to buy a hamburger for $3. According to the No Cash on the Table Principle, Joe and Mary:
选项：
A:will only make a trade if Joe can get Mary to spend more than $3 for the hamburger.
B:will only make a trade if Mary can get Joe to charge less than $1 for the hamburger.
C:will never trade; they will look for better deals.
D:will make a trade.
答案: 【will make a trade.】
36、 问题:When two people agree to a price in a negotiation, we can assume that:
选项：
A:each one will receive equal benefits from the transaction.
B:the seller will receive more benefit from the transaction than the buyer.
C:both parties will benefit.
D:only one of the parties will benefit, but there is not enough information to determine which one it will be.
答案: 【both parties will benefit.】
37、 问题:If, in a particular market, all unexploited opportunities have been realized, one can conclude that:
选项：
A:demanders are unable to find adequate amounts of the good.
B:excess demand is present.
C:the market is in equilibrium.
D:government regulation has proven successful.
答案: 【the market is in equilibrium.】
38、 问题:The situation described in the book as “Smart for One, Dumb for All” occurs when:
选项：
A:individuals, when acting rationally, fail to take advantage of all opportunities for social benefit.
B:a market is in equilibrium.
C:individuals, when acting rationally, benefit society as a whole.
D:individuals make better decisions when acting alone than when in groups.
答案: 【individuals, when acting rationally, fail to take advantage of all opportunities for social benefit.】
39、 问题:Suppose the local slaughterhouse gives off an unpleasant stench. The price of meat would then be _ because not all of the _ are accounted for in the marketplace.
选项：
A:too high; benefits
B:too high; costs
C:too low; costs
D:too low; benefits
答案: 【too low; costs】
40、 问题:Suppose that the production of oranges reduces global warming. The equilibrium price of oranges is _ because not all of the _ are accounted for in the marketplace.
选项：
A:optimal; costs
B:too low; benefits
C:too low; costs
D:too high; benefits
答案: 【too low; benefits】
41、 问题:Which of the following is NOT a condition for maximizing total economic surplus in a particular market?
选项：
A:All social costs of production must be included.
B:All private benefits of consumption must be included.
C:Government regulation of the market is needed.
D:All private costs of production must be included.
答案: 【Government regulation of the market is needed.】
42、 问题:Everyone in the neighborhood has been complaining about the deteriorating condition of the park, but nobody has cleaned it up. Why not?
选项：
A:There is an excess supply of parks in the neighborhood.
B:The reservation price for a clean park exceeds the cost of cleaning it.
C:No single person’s reservation price to clean the park makes it worth cleaning it.
D:There is an excess demand for parks in the neighborhood.
答案: 【No single person’s reservation price to clean the park makes it worth cleaning it.】
43、 问题:The No Cash on the Table Principle asserts that:
选项：
A:in disequilibrium, no opportunities exist.
B:sometimes tips aren’t picked up.
C:in equilibrium, all opportunities have been exploited.
D:in equilibrium, a few unexploited opportunities exist.
答案: 【in equilibrium, all opportunities have been exploited.】
44、 问题:Which of the following directly follows from the No Cash on the Table Principle?
选项：
A:In a transaction, the parties will negotiate over prices until neither one earns any surplus.
B:For a transaction to occur, the buyer’s reservation price must be less than the seller’s reservation price.
C:Efficiency requires that the buyer’s surplus equal the seller’s surplus.
D:For a transaction to occur, the buyer’s reservation price must be greater than the seller’s reservation price.
答案: 【For a transaction to occur, the buyer’s reservation price must be greater than the seller’s reservation price.】
45、 问题:According to the equilibrium principle:
选项：
A:market equilibrium exploits all opportunities for individual gain, but may not exploit gains possible through collective action.
B:once a market has reached equilibrium, price will not change.
C:collective action cannot improve on individual action.
D:unregulated markets tend to reach equilibrium prices and quantities without government regulation.
答案: 【market equilibrium exploits all opportunities for individual gain, but may not exploit gains possible through collective action.】
46、 问题:In Cuba, a bureaucratic committee makes the production decisions for the country’s firms and factories. Therefore, Cuba is an example of a:
选项：
A:centralized economy.
B:capitalist economy.
C:pure free-market economy.
D:mixed economy.
答案: 【centralized economy.】
47、 问题:A good example of central planning at work in the U.S. would be:
选项：
A:union wages.
B:McDonald’s fries being the same everywhere in the U.S.
C:Burger King’s value meal price control.
D:New York City’s rent control.
答案: 【New York City’s rent control.】
48、 问题:The entire group of buyers and sellers of a particular good or service makes up:
选项：
A:only the supply curve.
B:the equilibrium.
C:a market.
D:only the demand curve.
答案: 【a market.】
49、 问题:Suppose you bought three tickets to a concert in advance at the University ticket window. At the last minute one friend cancelled, so you could use only two of those tickets. You scalped, or sold, the third ticket just outside the entrance to the concert for slightly more than the price you had originally paid. Which transaction occurred in a market?
选项：
A:Only the transaction that occurred the evening of the concert was a market transaction.
B:Neither the advance sale at the University ticket window nor the sale the night of the concert occurred in markets.
C:Only the advance purchase and sale at the University window was a market transaction.
D:Both transactions, the one at the University ticket window as well as the sale at the concert entrance, occurred in markets.
答案: 【Both transactions, the one at the University ticket window as well as the sale at the concert entrance, occurred in markets.】
50、 问题:Suppose you camped out in front of an electronics store to be one of the 200 lucky people able to purchase the latest gaming system. You bought the system for $350. Two weeks later you see that the same system can be sold on e-Bay for $600, so you sell your system. Your market role is as:
选项：
A:a consumer in both of these markets.
B:a seller in both of these markets.
C:a consumer at the electronics store and as a seller on e-Bay.
D:a consumer at the electronics store; the e-Bay transaction did not occur in a market.
答案: 【a consumer at the electronics store and as a seller on e-Bay.】
51、 问题:In order to understand how the price of a good is determined in the free market, one must account for the desires of:
选项：
A:purchasers and sellers.
B:governmental agencies exclusively.
C:purchasers exclusively.
D:sellers exclusively.
答案: 【purchasers and sellers.】
52、 问题:Buyers and sellers of a particular good comprise the:
选项：
A:supply for the good.
B:production possibilities curve for the good.
C:demand for the good.
D:market for the good.
答案: 【market for the good.】
53、 问题:In a market, the demanders are the _, and the suppliers are the _.
选项：
A:poor; wealthy
B:sellers; buyers
C:buyers; sellers
D:bosses; workers
答案: 【buyers; sellers】
54、 问题:”Holding all other relevant factors constant, consumers will purchase more of a good as the price falls.” This statement reflects the behavior underlying:
选项：
A:the supply curve.
B:a decrease in the demand curve.
C:an increase in demand.
D:the demand curve.
答案: 【the demand curve.】
55、 问题:The demand curve illustrates the fact that consumers:
选项：
A:purchase name brand products more frequently than generic products.
B:tend to purchase more of a good as its price rises.
C:tend to purchase more of a good as its price falls.
D:purchase more of a good as their incomes rise.
答案: 【tend to purchase more of a good as its price falls.】
56、 问题:Which of the following is NOT true of a demand curve?
选项：
A:It relates the price of an item to the quantity demanded of that item.
B:It shows how an increase in price leads to an increase in quantity demanded of a good.
C:It has negative slope.
D:It shows the amount consumers are willing and able to purchase at various prices, holding other factors constant.
答案: 【It shows how an increase in price leads to an increase in quantity demanded of a good.】
57、 问题:A demand curve is _ sloping because _.
选项：
A:downward; fewer people are willing to buy an item at higher prices
B:downward; reservation prices tend to fall over time
C:downward; of increasing opportunity costs
D:upward; people prefer to purchase high-quality consumer goods
答案: 【downward; fewer people are willing to buy an item at higher prices】
58、 问题:As coffee becomes more expensive, Joe starts drinking tea, and therefore quantity demanded for coffee decreases. This is called:
选项：
A:the change in equilibrium.
B:the income effect.
C:the substitution effect.
D:a shift in the demand curve.
答案: 【the substitution effect.】
59、 问题:You can spend $5 for lunch and you would like to have two double cheeseburgers. When you get to the restaurant, you find out the price for double cheeseburger has increased from $2.50 to $2.99. You decide to have just one double cheeseburger for lunch. This is best described as a(n):
选项：
A:income effect.
B:substitution effect.
C:buyer’s reservation price effect.
D:seller’s reservation price effect.
答案: 【income effect.】
60、 问题:The quantity of Revlon nail polish demanded by Jen decreased after the price of Revlon nail polish increased. Jen decides to find a cheaper brand of nail polish. This is called a(n):
选项：
A:income effect of a price change.
B:substitution effect of a price change.
C:decrease in buyer’s reservation price.
D:increase in buyer’s reservation price.
答案: 【substitution effect of a price change.】
61、 问题:When the price of an item increases, buyers tend to purchase less of that item:
选项：
A:only if the substitution effect and the income effect do not cancel out each other.
B:solely because of the substitution effect.
C:solely because of the income effect.
D:because of both the substitution and the income effects.
答案: 【because of both the substitution and the income effects.】
62、 问题:The buyer’s reservation price of a particular good or service is the:
选项：
A:same as the market price.
B:maximum amount the buyer would be willing to pay for it.
C:price the buyer must pay to ensure he or she gets it.
D:minimum amount the buyer would be willing to pay for it.
答案: 【maximum amount the buyer would be willing to pay for it.】
63、 问题:Shelly purchases a leather purse for $400. One can infer that:
选项：
A:her reservation price was less than $400.
B:she paid too much.
C:her reservation price was exactly $400.
D:her reservation price was at least $400.
答案: 【her reservation price was at least $400.】
64、 问题:Gertie saw a pair of jeans that she was willing to buy for $35. The price tag, though, said they were $29.99. Therefore:
选项：
A:Gertie should not buy the jeans because the price is not equal to her reservation price.
B:Gertie should buy the jeans because the price is more than her reservation price.
C:Gertie should not buy the jeans because they will be of lower quality than she expected.
D:Gertie should buy the jeans because the price is less than her reservation price.
答案: 【Gertie should buy the jeans because the price is less than her reservation price.】
65、 问题:One reason for the _ slope of the demand curve is that as prices fall _.
选项：
A:downward; more people find that the price is less than their reservation price.
B:upward; people expect goods to be of lower quality.
C:upward; more people purchase the good.
D:downward; fewer people find that the price equals their reservation price.
答案: 【downward; more people find that the price is less than their reservation price.】
66、 问题:When a slice of pizza at the student union sold for $2, Moe did not purchase any. When the price fell to $1.75, Moe purchased a slice each day for lunch. Moe’s reservation price for a slice of pizza must be:
选项：
A:less than $1.75.
B:at least $1.75 but less than $2.
C:exactly $2.00.
D:exactly $1.75.
答案: 【at least $1.75 but less than $2.】
67、 问题:Sellers tend to offer _ for sale as price increases, and so the supply curve is _ sloping.
选项：
A:more; downward
B:more; upward
C:less; upward
D:goods; not
答案: 【more; upward】
68、 问题:The supply curve illustrates that firms:
选项：
A:increase the quantity supplied of a good when its price rises.
B:decrease the quantity supplied to earn higher profits.
C:increase the supply of a good when its price rises.
D:decrease the quantity supplied of a good when input prices fall.
答案: 【increase the quantity supplied of a good when its price rises.】
69、 问题:As the price of a good rises:
选项：
A:more firms can cover their opportunity costs of producing the good.
B:firms earn larger profits.
C:government regulation becomes more justified.
D:firms find they can raise price by even more.
答案: 【more firms can cover their opportunity costs of producing the good.】
70、 问题:Supply curves are generally _ sloping because _.
选项：
A:downward; more consumers will buy the good if the price falls.
B:upward; of inflation.
C:downward; it is less expensive to mass-produce goods.
D:upward; of the principle of increasing opportunity costs.
答案: 【upward; of the principle of increasing opportunity costs.】
71、 问题:Last summer, real estate prices in your town soared. You started noticing more “For Sale” signs in your neighbors’ yards. You conclude that:
选项：
A:people don’t like to live in your neighborhood anymore.
B:the demand curve for housing in your town has shifted to the left while supply remained constant.
C:the supply curve for housing in your town has shifted to the right while demand has remained constant.
D:when housing prices rose, they started to exceed some of your neighbors’ reservation prices.
答案: 【when housing prices rose, they started to exceed some of your neighbors’ reservation prices.】
72、 问题:Jessica’s marginal cost for producing a pitcher of lemonade is $0.25. Therefore, $0.25 can also be called her:
选项：
A:reservation price.
B:marginal revenue.
C:producers surplus.
D:equilibrium price.
答案: 【reservation price.】
73、 问题:Suppose that the market price for hot dogs sold by street vendors has just risen from $4.50 to $5, and that Curly has now begun operating a hot dog cart. We can assume that:
选项：
A:Curly’s reservation price is $5.00 or more.
B:Curly’s reservation price is exactly $5.
C:Curly’s reservation price is exactly $4.50.
D:Curly’s reservation price is greater than $4.50 but no more than $5.
答案: 【Curly’s reservation price is greater than $4.50 but no more than $5.】
74、 问题:A seller’s reservation price is generally equal to:
选项：
A:the market price.
B:the seller’s marginal benefit.
C:the seller’s opportunity cost.
D:the buyer’s reservation price.
答案: 【the seller’s opportunity cost.】
75、 问题:A seller’s reservation price is generally equal to:
选项：
A:the seller’s marginal cost.
B:the market price.
C:the buyer’s reservation price.
D:the seller’s average cost.
答案: 【the seller’s marginal cost.】
76、 问题:A market comprised of a downward-sloping demand curve that intersects an upward-sloping supply curve is said to be stable because:
选项：
A:price will never change.
B:demand will never change.
C:quantity will never change.
D:at any price other than equilibrium, forces in the market move price towards the equilibrium.
答案: 【at any price other than equilibrium, forces in the market move price towards the equilibrium.】
77、 问题:Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a market in equilibrium?
选项：
A:All consumers are able to purchase an amount equal to their quantity demanded.
B:The equilibrium price is stable, i.e., there is no pressure for it to change.
C:Excess supply is zero.
D:Excess demand is zero.
答案: 【All consumers are able to purchase an amount equal to their quantity demanded.】
78、 问题:A market in disequilibrium would feature:
选项：
A:a stable quantity.
B:either excess supply or excess demand.
C:consumers able to purchase all they wish at the market price.
D:a stable price.
答案: 【either excess supply or excess demand.】
79、 问题:The equilibrium price and quantity of any good or service is established by:
选项：
A:only demanders.
B:government regulations.
C:both demanders and suppliers.
D:only suppliers.
答案: 【both demanders and suppliers.】
80、 问题:A shortage occurs when:
选项：
A:the equilibrium price is too high.
B:quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded.
C:quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied.
D:demand is greater than supply.
答案: 【quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied.】
81、 问题:Whenever the quantity demanded is not equal to the quantity supplied, the quantity that is actually sold in the market is:
选项：
A:the quantity demanded.
B:the greater of the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied.
C:the smaller of the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied.
D:the quantity supplied.
答案: 【the smaller of the quantity demanded and the quantity supplied.】
82、 问题:Almost every holiday season at least one gift idea achieves fad status. When that happens, prices tend to increase dramatically. Why?
选项：
A:The demand curve for fad items is upward-sloping.
B:Quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied.
C:Too much government regulation in the market.
D:Sellers want to take advantage of people who received a year-end bonus.
答案: 【Quantity demanded exceeds quantity supplied.】
83、 问题:If the market for sport utility vehicles has excess supply, then one can say that:
选项：
A:quantity demanded is greater than quantity supplied.
B:supply is greater than demand.
C:demand is greater than supply.
D:quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded.
答案: 【quantity supplied is greater than quantity demanded.】
84、 问题:
选项：
A:$2; 8.
B:$4; 6.
C:$6; 4.
D:$8; 6.
答案: 【$6; 4.】
85、 问题:
选项：
A:equilibrium; 4 units
B:excess supply; 5 units
C:excess demand; 5 units
D:excess supply; 6 units
答案: 【excess supply; 5 units】
86、 问题:
选项：
A:equilibrium; 4 units
B:excess supply; 7 units
C:excess supply; 3 units
D:excess demand; 5 units
答案: 【excess demand; 5 units】
87、 问题:
选项：
A:less than $4.
B:greater than $6.
C:$4.
D:greater than $4.
答案: 【greater than $4.】
88、 问题:You notice that your grocery store always has day-old bakery products at a reduced price. Why might that be?
选项：
A:At the original price, quantity supplied was greater than quantity demanded.
B:At the original price, the quantity demanded was greater than the quantity supplied.
C:The original price was an equilibrium price because it was established in a free market.
D:At the original price, there was a shortage of bakery products.
答案: 【At the original price, quantity supplied was greater than quantity demanded.】
89、 问题:Why does your grocery store sell day-old bakery goods but not day-old canned goods?
选项：
A:An excess supply of bakery goods will quickly spoil, but excess canned goods will not.
B:There is excess demand for canned goods.
C:Demand for canned goods is easier to predict.
D:Canned goods are priced at the market equilibrium.
答案: 【An excess supply of bakery goods will quickly spoil, but excess canned goods will not.】
90、 问题:When the price of a good is below its equilibrium value:
选项：
A:it will tend to stay below the equilibrium value.
B:suppliers will notice their inventories are growing.
C:consumers will bid the price up.
D:excess supply will occur.
答案: 【consumers will bid the price up.】
91、 问题:In a free market, if the price of a good is below the equilibrium price, then;
选项：
A:suppliers, dissatisfied with growing inventories, will lower the price.
B:demanders, to acquire the good, will bid the price higher.
C:government needs to set a higher price.
D:suppliers, dissatisfied with growing inventories, will raise the price.
答案: 【demanders, to acquire the good, will bid the price higher.】
92、 问题:In a free market, if the price of a good is above the equilibrium price, then;
选项：
A:suppliers, dissatisfied with growing inventories, will raise the price.
B:government needs to set a lower price.
C:suppliers, dissatisfied with growing inventories, will lower the price.
D:demanders, wanting to ensure they acquire the good, will bid the price lower.
答案: 【suppliers, dissatisfied with growing inventories, will lower the price.】
93、 问题:Which of following is NOT true of an equilibrium price?
选项：
A:It is always a fair and just price.
B:Firms who are willing to accept the equilibrium price can sell what they produce.
C:Consumers who are willing to pay the equilibrium price can acquire the good.
D:It measures the value of the last unit sold to consumers.
答案: 【It is always a fair and just price.】
94、 问题:When a market is not in equilibrium:
选项：
A:it will simply stay in a state of disequilibrium.
B:firms will increase contributions to political action committees.
C:government intervention is required to achieve equilibrium.
D:the economic motives of sellers and buyers will move the market to its equilibrium.
答案: 【the economic motives of sellers and buyers will move the market to its equilibrium.】
95、 问题:Suppose you bought a concert ticket from Ticketmaster for $50, but when you got to the concert scalpers (individuals who re-sell tickets at the event) were selling tickets in the same seating area as yours for $25. What is probably true?
选项：
A:The Ticketmaster price is an equilibrium price.
B:There is an excess supply of tickets for this concert at the Ticketmaster price.
C:The ticket you bought was under-priced for the market.
D:There is excess demand for this concert at the Ticketmaster price.
答案: 【There is an excess supply of tickets for this concert at the Ticketmaster price.】
96、 问题:You have noticed that there is a persistent shortage of teachers in an inner-city school district in your state. Based on this observation, you suspect that:
选项：
A:there is an excess supply of teachers.
B:the wage for teachers at those schools is lower than the equilibrium wage.
C:the reservation price among teachers is lower than for other professions.
D:the wage for teachers at those schools is higher than at other schools in the state.
答案: 【the wage for teachers at those schools is lower than the equilibrium wage.】
97、 问题:Suppose you notice that more and more people are driving gas-guzzling cars. Since you drive an economy car, their increased demand for gas:
选项：
A:causes the price you pay for gas to increase.
B:does not affect you.
C:causes companies to charge a lower price, thus benefiting you.
D:does not change the price you pay, but reduces the quantity of gas supplied.
答案: 【causes the price you pay for gas to increase.】
98、 问题:
选项：
A:the price is $25, and the quantity that will be sold is 5.
B:the price is $30, and the quantity that will be sold is 15.
C:the price is $25, and the quantity that will be sold is 20.
D:the price is $35, and the quantity that will be sold is 20.
答案: 【the price is $35, and the quantity that will be sold is 20.】
99、 问题:
选项：
A:the market would be in equilibrium.
B:there would be excess supply of approximately 25 units.
C:there would be excess demand, but it is impossible to know by how much.
D:there would be excess demand of approximately 25 units.
答案: 【there would be excess demand of approximately 25 units.】
100、 问题:
选项：
A:They would all just break even because $45 is their reservation price.
B:They would all make a large profit because $45 is more than the equilibrium price.
C:They would feel pressure to lower their prices because at $45 there would be excess supply.
D:They would be forced to lower their prices because at $45 there would be excess demand.
答案: 【They would feel pressure to lower their prices because at $45 there would be excess supply.】
101、 问题:
选项：
A:There would be no change in the price.
B:An underground, or black, market would emerge where this product would be sold at a price above $40.
C:Many sellers would go out of business because $40 is above the equilibrium.
D:The market would reach a new equilibrium at a price of $40.
答案: 【There would be no change in the price.】
102、 问题:The tendency of markets to automatically gravitate toward equilibrium is an application of which core principle?
选项：
A:The Incentive Principle
B:The Scarcity Principle
C:The Principle of Comparative Advantage
D:The Cost-Benefit Principle
答案: 【The Incentive Principle】
103、 问题:Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of governmental rent controls?
选项：
A:Fewer newly built apartment buildings.
B:Excess demand for apartments.
C:Very low vacancy rates.
D:Equitable distribution of apartments.
答案: 【Equitable distribution of apartments.】
104、 问题:Minimum wage laws are an example of:
选项：
A:mandated equilibrium wages.
B:comparative advantage for unskilled workers.
C:a regulated price.
D:a price ceiling.
答案: 【a regulated price.】
105、 问题:Suppose one knows two facts: first, the market for prescription drugs experiences chronic shortages and second, government sets the price for prescription drugs. One can conclude that the:
选项：
A:buyers are hoarding prescription drugs.
B:government has set the price below the equilibrium price.
C:government has set the price too high.
D:government has set the price above the equilibrium price.
答案: 【government has set the price below the equilibrium price.】
106、 问题:A regulated maximum price that is above the equilibrium price:
选项：
A:will lead to excess supply in the market.
B:will have no effect on the market.
C:will lead to black markets.
D:will lead to excess demand in the market.
答案: 【will have no effect on the market.】
107、 问题:In a market where government has set the maximum price below the equilibrium price, one might expect:
选项：
A:quantity supplied to surpass quantity demanded.
B:excess supply.
C:a black market to develop as individuals try to take advantage of unexploited opportunities.
D:quantity demanded to equal quantity supplied.
答案: 【a black market to develop as individuals try to take advantage of unexploited opportunities.】
108、 问题:According to the textbook, government price controls fail because:
选项：
A:firms ignore the restrictions.
B:legislation cannot repeal basic economic motives.
C:they are not enforced.
D:bureaucrats lack accurate market data.
答案: 【legislation cannot repeal basic economic motives.】
109、 问题:A movement along a demand curve from one price-quantity combination to another is called:
选项：
A:a change in quantity supplied.
B:a change in quantity demanded.
C:a shift in the demand curve.
D:a change in demand.
答案: 【a change in quantity demanded.】
110、 问题:”As the price of personal computers continues to fall, demand increases.” This headline is inaccurate because:
选项：
A:a change in the price of personal computers shifts the supply curve.
B:the statement is backwards: increased demand leads to lower prices.
C:a falling price for personal computers increases quantity demanded, not demand.
D:a change in the price of personal computers shifts the demand curve.
答案: 【a falling price for personal computers increases quantity demanded, not demand.】
111、 问题:An increase in the quantity demanded of tea occurs whenever:
选项：
A:tea drinkers receive an increase in their incomes.
B:the population of tea drinkers grows.
C:the price of coffee rises.
D:the price of the tea falls.
答案: 【the price of the tea falls.】
112、 问题:If the demand for a good decreases as income decreases, it is a(n):
选项：
A:normal good.
B:substitute good.
C:complementary good.
D:inferior good.
答案: 【normal good.】
113、 问题:In the market for coffee, for many consumers:
选项：
A:coffee mugs are substitutes.
B:cola beverages are complements.
C:non-dairy creamer is a substitute.
D:tea is a substitute.
答案: 【tea is a substitute.】
114、 问题:In the market for office workers:
选项：
A:an increase in wages will increase the number of workers demanded.
B:a decrease in wages will shift the demand for workers to the left.
C:there are no substitutes because each human is unique.
D:computers are complements.
答案: 【computers are complements.】
115、 问题:What might cause a demand function to shift to the right?
选项：
A:An increase in the product’s own price.
B:An increase in the price of a complement.
C:A decrease in the price of a substitute.
D:An increase in the price of a substitute.
答案: 【An increase in the price of a substitute.】
116、 问题:If the demand for steak increases as income increases, this means that steak is a(n):
选项：
A:substitute good.
B:normal good.
C:inferior good.
D:complementary good.
答案: 【normal good.】
117、 问题:If the price of computers increases and the demand for monitors decreases as a result, then:
选项：
A:computers and monitors are substitutes.
B:computers are a normal good and monitors are inferior.
C:computers are an inferior good and monitors are normal.
D:computers and monitors are complements.
答案: 【computers and monitors are complements.】
118、 问题:Whether or not a good can be classified as a complement depends on whether;
选项：
A:no substitutes exist.
B:an increase in demand for one good follows a decrease in the price of the other.
C:an increase in demand for one good follows an increase in the price of the other.
D:you personally tend to consume the goods together.
答案: 【an increase in demand for one good follows a decrease in the price of the other.】
119、 问题:A decrease in the price of pizza will cause a(n):
选项：
A:increase in demand.
B:increase in quantity demanded.
C:decrease in the number of consumers.
D:decrease in quantity demanded.
答案: 【increase in quantity demanded.】
120、 问题:If the demand for computers shifts to the right as consumers’ incomes rise, computers are
选项：
A:inferior goods.
B:normal goods.
C:complement goods.
D:substitute goods.
答案: 【normal goods.】
121、 问题:As consumers’ incomes increase, the demand for ground beef decreases. Ground beef is called a(n):
选项：
A:substitute good.
B:complement good.
C:normal good.
D:inferior good.
答案: 【inferior good.】
122、 问题:As consumers’ incomes decrease, the demand curve for bologna sandwiches shifts to the right. Therefore bologna sandwiches are:
选项：
A:inferior goods.
B:normal goods.
C:substitute goods.
D:complement goods.
答案: 【inferior goods.】
123、 问题:Suppose the price of gasoline increases and that sport utility vehicles get poor gas mileage compared to other available cars. One would expect:
选项：
A:the demand for gasoline to decrease.
B:the demand for sport utility vehicles to decrease.
C:the quantity of sport utility vehicles demanded to decrease.
D:the demand for sport utility vehicles to increase.
答案: 【the demand for sport utility vehicles to decrease.】
124、 问题:Suppose one could either rent a car or take a train to travel to Chicago from Washington, D.C. If the price of train tickets increases:
选项：
A:the demand for rental cars will decrease.
B:the demand for train tickets will decrease.
C:the demand for rental cars will increase.
D:the demand for train tickets will increase.
答案: 【the demand for rental cars will increase.】
125、 问题:Suppose that the price of doughnuts decreases and that doughnut-holes are a by-product of producing doughnuts. One would expect:
选项：
A:the supply of doughnut-holes to increase.
B:the supply of doughnuts to decrease.
C:the quantity supplied of doughnuts to decrease.
D:the quantity supplied of doughnut-holes to increase.
答案: 【the quantity supplied of doughnuts to decrease.】
126、 问题:Suppose that the price of doughnuts decreases and that doughnut-holes are a by-product of producing doughnuts. One would expect:
选项：
A:the supply of doughnut holes to decrease.
B:the supply of doughnuts to decrease.
C:the supply of doughnuts to increase.
D:the supply of doughnut holes to increase.
答案: 【the supply of doughnut holes to decrease.】
127、 问题:For two goods X and Y to be classified as substitutes, it must be the case that:
选项：
A:when the price of X rises, the demand for Y decreases.
B:X and Y are identical.
C:consumers tend to purchase both items.
D:when the price of X rises, the demand for Y increases.
答案: 【when the price of X rises, the demand for Y increases.】
128、 问题:At the beginning of the fall semester, college towns experience large increases in their populations, causing a(n):
选项：
A:increase in the demand for apartments.
B:decrease in the quantity of apartments demanded.
C:increase in the supply of apartments.
D:decrease in the quantity of apartments supplied.
答案: 【increase in the demand for apartments.】
129、 问题:Suppose one observes that when the price of peanut butter increases, the demand for jelly increases. One must conclude that:
选项：
A:peanut butter and jelly are complements.
B:peanut butter and jelly are inferior goods.
C:peanut butter and jelly are normal goods.
D:peanut butter and jelly are substitutes.
答案: 【peanut butter and jelly are substitutes.】
130、 问题:
选项：
A:demand shifted to D(A) in anticipation of future price increases.
B:the demand function remained at D(Monday), but the quantity demanded increased.
C:there would be no change in either the demand function or the quantity demanded because not enough time had passed for the storm’s effects to be felt.
D:demand shifted to D(B)( in anticipation of future price increases.
答案: 【demand shifted to D(B)( in anticipation of future price increases.】
131、 问题:
选项：
A:the demand function remained at D(Monday), but the quantity demanded decreased.
B:demand shifted to D(A)( in anticipation of future price increases.
C:demand shifted to D(B)( because some people decided to stop drinking coffee in light of the health hazard.
D:there would be no change in either the demand function or the quantity demanded because not enough time had passed for the report’s effects to be felt.
答案: 【demand shifted to D(B)( because some people decided to stop drinking coffee in light of the health hazard.】
132、 问题:Suppose that a disease that affects people who consume beef has been discovered in the United States. One likely result is:
选项：
A:a decrease in the quantity demanded of beef.
B:a decrease in demand for beef.
C:an increase in buyers’ reservation prices for beef.
D:a decrease in demand for chicken.
答案: 【a decrease in demand for beef.】
133、 问题:Assume consumers eat either rice or pasta for dinner every night. If the price of rice increases, in the pasta market one would expect to see:
选项：
A:a decrease in the quantity of pasta demanded.
B:an increase in the quantity of pasta demanded.
C:a decrease in the demand for pasta.
D:an increase in the demand for pasta.
答案: 【an increase in the demand for pasta.】
134、 问题:Suppose that two recent studies conclude that increased fiber in the diet does not reduce the risk of developing colon cancer as was previously thought. The likely result will be that the:
选项：
A:price of high-fiber foods will rise.
B:supply of high-fiber foods will increase.
C:quantity demanded of high-fiber foods will fall.
D:demand for high-fiber foods will decrease.
答案: 【demand for high-fiber foods will decrease.】
135、 问题:
选项：
A:increase in quantity demanded.
B:decrease in quantity demanded.
C:decrease in demand.
D:increase in demand.
答案: 【increase in demand.】
136、 问题:
选项：
A:increase in consumers’ incomes.
B:increase in the price of a substitute.
C:increase in the price of a complement.
D:increase in quantity supplied.
答案: 【increase in the price of a complement.】
137、 问题:
选项：
A:increase in quantity supplied.
B:decrease in consumers’ incomes.
C:increase in the price of a close substitute.
D:increase in the price of a complement.
答案: 【increase in the price of a close substitute.】
138、 问题:A decrease in the demand for bananas with no concurrent change in the supply of bananas will result in a __ equilibrium price and a(n equilibrium quantity.
选项：
A:lower; lower
B:higher; unchanged
C:higher; higher
D:higher; lower
答案: 【lower; lower】
139、 问题:As the price of cookies increases, firms that produce cookies will:
选项：
A:increase the quantity supplied of cookies.
B:decrease the quantity supplied of cookies.
C:decrease the supply of cookies.
D:increase the supply of cookies.
答案: 【increase the quantity supplied of cookies.】
140、 问题:Which of the following would cause an increase in quantity supplied of wheat?
选项：
A:The price farmers receive for their wheat rises.
B:The price firms pay for liability insurance falls.
C:New, better technology for farming is introduced.
D:The price of fertilizer farmers’ use in their fields decreases.
答案: 【The price farmers receive for their wheat rises.】
141、 问题:As the price of flour (an input into the cookie production process) increases, firms that produce cookies will:
选项：
A:decrease the quantity of cookies supplied.
B:increase the supply of cookies.
C:decrease the supply of cookies.
D:increase the quantity of cookies supplied.
答案: 【decrease the supply of cookies.】
142、 问题:Suppose that the technology used to manufacture laptops has improved. The likely result would be:
选项：
A:a decrease in supply of laptops.
B:a decrease in quantity supplied of laptops.
C:an increase in quantity supplied of laptops.
D:an increase in supply of laptops.
答案: 【an increase in supply of laptops.】
143、 问题:What might cause a supply function to shift to the left today?
选项：
A:An expectation that the product’s price will fall in the future.
B:An increase in the product’s own price.
C:An expectation that the product’s price will rise in the future.
D:A decrease in the price of one of the inputs to making the product.
答案: 【An expectation that the product’s price will rise in the future.】
144、 问题:
选项：
A:no immediate change in supply, since the only effect will involve demand.
B:an immediate shift in the supply curve to Supply B in anticipation of increased future prices.
C:an immediate shift in the supply curve to Supply A in anticipation of increased future prices.
D:no immediate change in supply, but a decrease in the quantity supplied.
答案: 【an immediate shift in the supply curve to Supply A in anticipation of increased future prices.】
145、 问题:
选项：
A:remain at Current Supply because Demand for Shrek figures is so strong.
B:not change because a change in raw material prices cannot affect market prices.
C:shift from Current Supply to Supply A.
D:shift from Current Supply to Supply B.
答案: 【shift from Current Supply to Supply A.】
146、 问题:
选项：
A:60 cups of coffee are sold for $1.50 each.
B:50 cups of coffee are sold for $2.50 each.
C:40 cups of coffee are sold for $2.00 each.
D:50 cups of coffee are sold for $1.00 each.
答案: 【40 cups of coffee are sold for $2.00 each.】
147、 问题:
选项：
A:A decrease in the price of tea.
B:An increase in incomes.
C:An expectation that coffee prices will fall in the future.
D:An increase in the price of coffee creamer.
答案: 【An increase in incomes.】
148、 问题:
选项：
A:An increase in the price of tea.
B:New technology reduces the amount of coffee beans necessary to make a good-tasting pot of coffee.
C:A news report that coffee consumption greatly increases productivity.
D:A storm in South America wipes out the entire coffee crop.
答案: 【New technology reduces the amount of coffee beans necessary to make a good-tasting pot of coffee.】
149、 问题:
选项：
A:the equilibrium price would not change.
B:the equilibrium price would increase by more than $1.00.
C:the equilibrium price would increase by less than $1.00.
D:the equilibrium price would increase by $1.00.
答案: 【the equilibrium price would increase by less than $1.00.】
150、 问题:
选项：
A:excess demand for coffee that would not correct itself because price is set by law.
B:excess supply of coffee that would not correct itself because price is set by law.
C:a short term excess demand for coffee, followed by an increase in price.
D:new equilibrium at a price of $2.50 and a quantity of 50 cups.
答案: 【excess supply of coffee that would not correct itself because price is set by law.】
151、 问题:
选项：
A:curve D to curve C.
B:curve C to curve D.
C:curve B to curve A.
D:curve A to curve B.
答案: 【curve C to curve D.】
152、 问题:
选项：
A:curve B to curve A.
B:curve C to curve D.
C:curve D to curve C.
D:curve A to curve B.
答案: 【curve D to curve C.】
153、 问题:
选项：
A:curve C to curve B.
B:curve B to curve A.
C:curve A to curve B.
D:curve C to curve D.
答案: 【curve A to curve B.】
154、 问题:
选项：
A:curve A to curve B.
B:curve D to curve C.
C:curve B to curve A.
D:curve C to curve D.
答案: 【curve B to curve A.】
155、 问题:
选项：
A:an increase in quantity demanded
B:an increase in demand
C:a change in supply
D:a decrease in quantity supplied
答案: 【an increase in demand】
156、 问题:
选项：
A:an increase in demand.
B:an increase in quantity supplied.
C:a decrease in quantity demanded.
D:a decrease in supply.
答案: 【a decrease in supply.】
157、 问题:
选项：
A:excess supply of 45 units.
B:excess demand of 45 units.
C:excess demand of 95 units.
D:an equilibrium.
答案: 【excess demand of 45 units.】
158、 问题:
选项：
A:excess demand of 5 units.
B:an equilibrium.
C:excess supply of 70 units.
D:excess supply of 5 units.
答案: 【excess supply of 5 units.】
159、 问题:
选项：
A:less than $40.
B:nonexistent.
C:greater than $50.
D:between $40 and $50.
答案: 【between $40 and $50.】
160、 问题:
选项：
A:excess supply of 45 units.
B:excess demand of 45 units.
C:excess demand of 95 units.
D:an equilibrium.
答案: 【excess demand of 45 units.】
161、 问题:
选项：
A:excess demand of 5 units.
B:an equilibrium.
C:excess supply of 70 units.
D:excess supply of 5 units.
答案: 【excess supply of 5 units.】
第一讲 像经济学家一样思考 课后测验1
1、 问题:Suppose the most you would be willing to pay for a plane ticket home is $250. If you buy one for $175, then your economic surplus is:
选项：
A:$175.
B:$0.
C:$75.
D:$250.
答案: 【$75.】
2、 问题:Frank owns an apple farm and plans to spend 4 hours today picking apples. The number of apples he can pick per hour depends on the total number of hours he spends working in either the east orchard or the west orchard in the manner shown in the table below.
选项：
A:8 apples
B:24 apples
C:64 apples
D:32 apples
答案: 【24 apples】
3、 问题:The Cost-Benefit Principle:
选项：
A:provides an abstract model of how people should choose between alternatives.
B:provides little insight into how people actually chose between alternatives.
C:fully captures how people choose between alternatives.
D:describes how people behave once they have enough education.
答案: 【provides an abstract model of how people should choose between alternatives.】
4、 问题:One thing that distinguishes normative economic principles from positive economic principles is that:
选项：
A:normative principles are pessimistic and positive principles are optimistic.
B:normative principles reflect social norms, and positive principles reflect universal truths.
C:normative principles tell us how people will behave, and positive principles tell us how people should behave.
D:normative principles tell us how people should behave, and positive principles tell us how people will behave.
答案: 【normative principles tell us how people should behave, and positive principles tell us how people will behave.】
5、 问题:The fact that most people make some decisions based on intuition rather than calculation is:
选项：
A:consistent with the cost-benefit model because calculating costs and benefits is irrational.
B:inconsistent with the cost-benefit model, but still rational.
C:consistent with the cost-benefit model because most people intuitively weigh costs and benefits.
D:irrational, because intuition is usually wrong.
答案: 【consistent with the cost-benefit model because most people intuitively weigh costs and benefits.】
6、 问题:Macroeconomics differs from microeconomics in that macroeconomics focuses on:
选项：
A:prices in specific markets.
B:production in specific markets.
C:individual choices and group behavior in individual markets.
D:the performance of national economies and ways to improve that performance.
答案: 【the performance of national economies and ways to improve that performance.】
7、 问题:Your classmates from the University of Chicago are planning to go to Miami for spring break, and you are undecided about whether you should go with them. The round-trip airfares are $600, but you have a frequent-flyer coupon worth $500 that you could use to pay part of the airfare. All other costs for the vacation are exactly $900. The most you would be willing to pay for the trip is $1400. Your only alternative use for your frequent-flyer coupon is for your trip to Atlanta two weeks after the break to attend your sister’s graduation, which your parents are forcing you to attend. The Chicago-Atlanta round-trip airfares are $450. What is the opportunity cost of using the coupon for the Miami trip?
选项：
A:$550
B:$500
C:$100
D:$450
答案: 【$450】
8、 问题:Which of the following would not be studied in macroeconomics?
选项：
A:The growth rate of the U.S. economy.
B:How a sharp increase in gasoline prices is likely to affect SUV sales.
C:The impact of government spending on the economy.
D:The causes of the Great Depression.
答案: 【How a sharp increase in gasoline prices is likely to affect SUV sales.】
9、 问题:Your classmates from the University of Chicago are planning to go to Miami for spring break, and you are undecided about whether you should go with them. The round-trip airfares are $600, but you have a frequent-flyer coupon worth $500 that you could use to pay part of the airfare. All other costs for the vacation are exactly $900. The most you would be willing to pay for the trip is $1400. Your only alternative use for your frequent-flyer coupon is for your trip to Atlanta two weeks after the break to attend your sister’s graduation, which your parents are forcing you to attend. The Chicago-Atlanta round-trip airfares are $450. Should you use the frequent flyer coupon to go to Miami?
选项：
A:No, your benefit is less than your cost.
B:Yes, your benefit is more than your cost.
C:Yes, your benefit is equal to your cost.
D:No, because there are no benefits in the trip.
答案: 【No, your benefit is less than your cost.】
10、 问题:In deciding how many guitars to buy for his shop before the Christmas season, Mark is making a(n decision.
选项：
A:irrational
B:microeconomic
C:normative
D:macroeconomic
答案: 【microeconomic】
11、 问题:You paid $35 for a ticket (which is non-refundable) to see SPAM, a local rock band, in concert on Saturday. Assume that $35 is the most you would have been willing to pay for a ticket. Your boss called, and she is looking for someone to cover a shift on Saturday at the same time as the concert. You would have to work 4 hours and she would pay you $11/hr. The psychic cost to you of working is $2/hr. Should you go to the concert instead of working Saturday?
选项：
A:No, because there are no benefits of going to the concert.
B:Yes, the benefit of going to the concert is more than the cost.
C:No, the benefit of going to the concert is less than the cost.
D:Yes, the benefit of going to the concert is equal to the cost.
答案: 【No, the benefit of going to the concert is less than the cost.】
12、 问题:With ATMs, it is possible to retrieve cash from the bank at any time. One hundred years ago, one could only get cash from the bank during business hours, say, 9 am to 3 pm. The present availability of 24-hour service has arisen because:
选项：
A:government forced banks to become more convenient.
B:it was impossible to provide 24-hour service 100 years ago.
C:the cost of providing 24-hour service is much lower today.
D:flexibility was not valued 100 years ago.
答案: 【the cost of providing 24-hour service is much lower today.】
13、 问题:The marginal benefit of an activity is the:
选项：
A:total benefit of an activity divided by the level of the activity.
B:same as the total benefit of an activity.
C:total benefit associated with an extra unit of the activity.
D:extra benefit associated with an extra unit of the activity.
答案: 【extra benefit associated with an extra unit of the activity.】
14、 问题:The number of U.S. households with access to the Internet is growing rapidly. Compared to 50 years ago, one would predict that when considering a major purchase, people today will gather:
选项：
A:more information because the Internet has increased the cost of gathering information.
B:less information because the Internet has increased the benefit of gathering information.
C:more information because the Internet has lowered the cost of gathering information.
D:less information because the Internet has lowered the cost of gathering information.
答案: 【more information because the Internet has lowered the cost of gathering information.】
15、 问题:The marginal cost of an activity is the:
选项：
A:change in the total cost of the activity that results from carrying out an additional unit of the activity.
B:change in the level of the activity divided by the change in the cost of the activity.
C:the total cost of the activity divided by the change in the level of the activity.
D:the total cost of the activity divided by the level of the activity.
答案: 【change in the total cost of the activity that results from carrying out an additional unit of the activity.】
16、 问题:Suppose there are two parallel highways between two cities with approximately equal traffic. What would you expect to happen if the state began charging tolls to drive on one of those highways?
选项：
A:Traffic would decrease on both roads.
B:More drivers would drive on the toll road making the non-toll road less congested.
C:Traffic would remain evenly divided between the two roads as drivers continuously sought the less-congested route.
D:More drivers would drive on the non-toll road, making the toll road less congested.
答案: 【More drivers would drive on the non-toll road, making the toll road less congested.】
17、 问题:For the Fall semester, you had to pay a nonrefundable fee of $600 for your meal plan, which gives you up to 150 meals. If you eat all of the meals, your average cost for a meal is:
选项：
A:$6.
B:$4.
C:$5.
D:$0.25.
答案: 【$4.】
18、 问题:Due to the fact that Curly used his frequent flyer miles to fly to visit Moe, Curly told Moe that it didn’t cost him anything to visit. Is Curly correct?
选项：
A:No, because Curly had to pay for earlier trips in order to earn the frequent flyer miles.
B:No, because Curly could have used his frequent flyer miles to go somewhere else instead.
C:Yes, because Curly could stay at Moe’s house for free.
D:Yes, because Curly’s frequent flyer miles made the trip free.
答案: 【No, because Curly could have used his frequent flyer miles to go somewhere else instead.】
19、 问题:For the Fall semester, you had to pay a nonrefundable fee of $600 for your meal plan, which gives you up to 150 meals. If you eat 100 meals, your marginal cost of the 100th meal is:
选项：
A:$0.25.
B:$0.
C:$4.
D:$6.
答案: 【$0.】
20、 问题:Refer to the table below. According to the Cost-Benefit Principle, how many units of this activity should be carried out?
选项：
A:4
B:3
C:6
D:1
答案: 【3】
21、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:$38,000.
B:$43,121.
C:$21,500.
D:$22,000.
答案: 【$38,000.】
22、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:4; $22,000
B:5; $67,080
C:5; $17,080
D:4; $60,000
答案: 【5; $17,080】
23、 问题:A firm pays Pam $40 per hour to assemble personal computers. Each day, Pam can assemble 4 computers if she works 1 hour, 7 computers if she works 2 hours, 9 computers if she works 3 hours, and 10 computers if she works 4 hours. Pam cannot work more than 4 hours day. Each computer consists of a motherboard, a hard drive, a case, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. The total cost of these parts is $600 per computer. What is the marginal cost of producing the computers that Pam can assemble during her 3rd hour of work?
选项：
A:$1,240
B:$5,400
C:$1,200
D:$5,520
答案: 【$1,240】
24、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:3.0GHz
B:2.0GHz
C:2.5GHz
D:4.0GHz
答案: 【3.0GHz】
25、 问题:The table below shows the relationship between the number of times you get your car washed each month and your total monthly benefit from car washes. Each car wash costs $15.
选项：
A:$4
B:$12
C:$48
D:$16
答案: 【$12】
26、 问题:The Incentive Principle is an example of:
选项：
A:over-estimating the benefits of an action.
B:an economic decision-making pitfall.
C:a normative economic principle.
D:a positive economic principle.
答案: 【a positive economic principle.】
27、 问题:Which branch of economics is most likely to study differences in countries’ growth rates?
选项：
A:microeconomics
B:macroeconomics
C:experimental economics
D:normative economics
答案: 【macroeconomics】
28、 问题:Which of the following would not be studied in microeconomics?
选项：
A:Whether to study or watch TV tonight.
B:How individual firms decide how much to produce.
C:How an early freeze in California will affect the price of fruit.
D:Whether the federal budget should be balanced.
答案: 【Whether the federal budget should be balanced.】
29、 问题:By convention, there are two major divisions of economics, called:
选项：
A:reservation price and opportunity cost.
B:rational economics and irrational economics.
C:microeconomics and macroeconomics.
D:marginal benefit and marginal cost.
答案: 【microeconomics and macroeconomics.】
30、 问题:During times of high unemployment, colleges often observe an increase in enrollment even if tuition remains unchanged. Why?
选项：
A:The benefit of attending college is lower because college graduates are less likely to find jobs.
B:The opportunity cost of attending college is higher when unemployment is high.
C:The opportunity cost of attending college is lower when unemployment is high.
D:Students go to college even when the net benefit is negative.
答案: 【The opportunity cost of attending college is lower when unemployment is high.】
31、 问题:The last time gas prices increased drastically, sales of large Sport Utility Vehicles (SUVs) fell. Why?
选项：
A:Higher gas prices increased the benefit of driving an SUV.
B:Higher gas prices increased the cost of driving a SUV.
C:Higher gas prices lowered the benefit of driving an SUV.
D:Higher gas prices lowered the cost of driving a SUV.
答案: 【Higher gas prices increased the cost of driving a SUV.】
32、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry’s opportunity cost of attending Elite U is:
选项：
A:$70,000
B:$20,000
C:$50,000
D:$15,000
答案: 【$70,000】
33、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry’s opportunity cost of attending State NoName U is:
选项：
A:$15,000
B:$30,000
C:$60,000
D:$20,000
答案: 【$20,000】
34、 问题:Your classmates from the University of Chicago are planning to go to Miami for spring break, and you are undecided about whether you should go with them. The round-trip airfares are $600, but you have a frequent-flyer coupon worth $500 that you could use to pay part of the airfare. All other costs for the vacation are exactly $900. The most you would be willing to pay for the trip is $1400. Your only alternative use for your frequent-flyer coupon is for your trip to Atlanta two weeks after the break to attend your sister’s graduation, which your parents are forcing you to attend. The Chicago-Atlanta round-trip airfares are $450. If you do not use the frequent-flyer coupon to fly to Miami, should you go to Miami?
选项：
A:Yes, your benefit is equal to your cost.
B:No, because there are no benefits in the trip.
C:Yes, your benefit is more than your cost.
D:No, your benefit is less than your cost.
答案: 【No, your benefit is less than your cost.】
35、 问题:Pat earns $25,000 per year (after taxes), and Pat’s spouse, Chris, earns $35,000 (after taxes). They have two pre-school-aged children. Childcare for their children costs $12,000 per year. Given that Chris doesn’t want to stay home with the kids, regardless of what Pat does, Pat should stay home with the kids if, and only if, the value of Pat spending more time with the kids is greater than:
选项：
A:$25,000 per year.
B:$37,000 per year.
C:$13,000 per year.
D:$12,000 per year.
答案: 【$13,000 per year.】
36、 问题:The extra cost that results from carrying out one additional unit of an activity is the __ of the activity.
选项：
A:opportunity cost
B:reservation cost
C:marginal cost
D:marginal benefit
答案: 【marginal cost】
37、 问题:Refer to the table below. The marginal benefit of the 5th unit of activity is:
选项：
A:$10
B:$5
C:$50
D:$44
答案: 【$10】
38、 问题:Refer to the table below. The average benefit of 4 units of activity is:
选项：
A:$5
B:$9
C:$10
D:$4
答案: 【$9】
39、 问题:Refer to the table below. According to the Cost-Benefit Principle, how many units of this activity should be carried out?
选项：
A:5
B:4
C:2
D:3
答案: 【3】
40、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:$43,899.
B:$48,911.
C:$51,963.
D:$45,000.
答案: 【$51,963.】
41、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:$11,337.
B:$12,426.
C:$21,213.
D:$42,426.
答案: 【$12,426.】
42、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:3; $25,426
B:1; $22,000
C:2; $25,426
D:2; $3,476
答案: 【2; $25,426】
43、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:2
B:4
C:3
D:1
答案: 【2】
44、 问题:A firm pays Pam $40 per hour to assemble personal computers. Each day, Pam can assemble 4 computers if she works 1 hour, 7 computers if she works 2 hours, 9 computers if she works 3 hours, and 10 computers if she works 4 hours. Pam cannot work more than 4 hours day. Each computer consists of a motherboard, a hard drive, a case, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. The total cost of these parts is $600 per computer. What is the marginal cost of producing the computers that Pam can assemble during her 2nd hour of work?
选项：
A:$4,200
B:$1,840
C:$4,280
D:$1,800
答案: 【$1,840】
45、 问题:If Jane works for 6 hours she can rent out 9 apartments, and if she works for 7 hours she can rent out 12 apartments. The marginal benefit of Jane’s 7th hour of work equals:
选项：
A:3 apartments
B:9 apartments
C:12 apartments
D:1 apartment
答案: 【3 apartments】
46、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:$100.
B:$1,000.
C:$400.
D:$1,400.
答案: 【$400.】
47、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:$1,650.
B:$900.
C:$300.
D:$1,700.
答案: 【$1,700.】
48、 问题:Jack has a ticket to see Bo Bice for which he paid $30 yesterday. He takes an unpaid day off from work to get ready for the concert. When he arrives at the concert, five different people offer him $70 for his ticket. Jack decides to keep his ticket. At the time he makes this decision, his opportunity cost of seeing Bo Bice is:
选项：
A:$70 plus his forgone earnings.
B:$70.
C:$40.
D:$30 plus his forgone earnings.
答案: 【$70.】
49、 问题:Frank owns an apple farm and plans to spend 4 hours today picking apples. The number of apples he can pick per hour depends on the total number of hours he spends working in either the east orchard or the west orchard in the manner shown in the table below.
选项：
A:84
B:42
C:21
D:92
答案: 【84】
50、 问题:Normative economic principles are concerned with how people _ make decisions while positive economic principles are concerned with how people _ make decisions.
选项：
A:in power; in ordinary life
B:do; should
C:should; do
D:in ordinary life; in power
答案: 【should; do】
51、 问题:The Incentive Principle states that a person:
选项：
A:is more likely to take an action if its cost increases.
B:should take an action if its benefit increases.
C:should take an action if its cost increases.
D:is more likely to take an action if its benefit increases.
答案: 【is more likely to take an action if its benefit increases.】
52、 问题:According to the Incentive Principle, people will be less likely to smoke if the government:
选项：
A:increases taxes on smoking-cessation devices such as nicotine patches.
B:subsidizes hospitals treating lung disease.
C:increases taxes on cigarettes, effectively raising the price.
D:invests more money in cancer research.
答案: 【increases taxes on cigarettes, effectively raising the price.】
53、 问题:A study of the impact of various government policies on economic growth would be considered:
选项：
A:government economics.
B:marginal economics.
C:macroeconomics.
D:microeconomics.
答案: 【macroeconomics.】
54、 问题:Economics is the study of:
选项：
A:the financial concerns of businesses and individuals.
B:choice in the face of limited resources.
C:the role of government in limiting the choices people make.
D:whether we will have enough resources in the future.
答案: 【choice in the face of limited resources.】
55、 问题:Economists recognize that because people have limited resources:
选项：
A:our future is bleak.
B:they will never be happy.
C:they have to make trade-offs.
D:government intervention is necessary.
答案: 【they have to make trade-offs.】
56、 问题:The Scarcity Principle applies to:
选项：
A:only non-market decisions, e.g., watching a sunset.
B:only the poor.
C:only market decisions, e.g., buying a car.
D:all decisions.
答案: 【all decisions.】
57、 问题:Chris has a one-hour break between classes every Wednesday. Chris can either stay at the library and study or go to the gym and work out. The decision Chris must make is:
选项：
A:not an economic problem because it’s an hour that Chris has no matter what he does.
B:an economic problem because the tuition Chris pays covers the cost of both the gym and the library.
C:an economic problem because Chris has only one hour, and engaging in one activity means giving up the other.
D:not an economic problem because neither activity costs money.
答案: 【an economic problem because Chris has only one hour, and engaging in one activity means giving up the other.】
58、 问题:Choosing to study for an exam until the extra benefit (e.g., improved score) equals the extra cost (e.g., the value of foregone activities) is:
选项：
A:not rational because it ignores the importance of total benefits and total costs.
B:an application of the Cost-Benefit Principle.
C:not an economic choice.
D:an application of the Scarcity Principle.
答案: 【an application of the Cost-Benefit Principle.】
59、 问题:A rational person:
选项：
A:undertakes activities until the net benefits become less than zero.
B:makes choices based on total benefits and total costs.
C:considers the financial benefits and financial costs of making a choice.
D:makes choices based on added benefits and added costs.
答案: 【makes choices based on added benefits and added costs.】
60、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry’s opportunity cost of attending State College is:
选项：
A:$20,000
B:$35,000
C:$15,000
D:$30,000
答案: 【$35,000】
61、 问题:You are trying to decide whether to purchase the latest Harry Potter book online or borrow it from the library. There is no charge for borrowing a book from the library, but going to the library takes more time than ordering a book online. Regardless of how you get the book, its benefit to you is the same. If the cost of buying the book online is $13, then you should:
选项：
A:buy the book online because it takes less time.
B:borrow the book from the library because you can get it from the library for free.
C:borrow the book from the library if the cost of doing so (in terms of the extra time it takes) is greater than $13.
D:borrow the book from the library if the cost of doing so (in terms of the extra time it takes) is less than $13.
答案: 【borrow the book from the library if the cost of doing so (in terms of the extra time it takes) is less than $13.】
62、 问题:Alex received a four-year scholarship to State U. that covered tuition and fees, room and board, and books and supplies. If Alex becomes a full-time student, then:
选项：
A:the opportunity cost of attending State U. includes the sum of the benefits Alex would had from attending each of the other schools to which he was admitted.
B:the opportunity cost of attending State U. includes the money Alex could have earned working for four years.
C:attending State U. for four years is costless for Alex.
D:Alex has no incentive to study hard while at State U.
答案: 【the opportunity cost of attending State U. includes the money Alex could have earned working for four years.】
63、 问题:The cost-benefit model used by economists is:
选项：
A:useful because most people follow it most of the time.
B:useful because everyone follows it all of the time.
C:unrealistic because it is too detailed and specific to apply to most situations.
D:unrealistic because everyone can think of times when he or she violated the principle.
答案: 【useful because most people follow it most of the time.】
64、 问题:Moe has a big exam tomorrow. He considered studying this evening, but decided to hang out with Curly instead. If neither activity involves any explicit costs, and Moe always chooses rationally, it must be true that:
选项：
A:Moe gets more benefit from spending time with Curly than from studying.
B:Moe gets less benefit from spending time with Curly than from studying.
C:the opportunity cost of studying is less than the value Moe gets from spending time with Curly.
D:the opportunity cost of studying is greater than the value Moe gets from spending time with Curly.
答案: 【Moe gets more benefit from spending time with Curly than from studying.】
65、 问题:Matt has decided to purchase his textbooks for the semester. His options are to purchase the books online with next day delivery at a cost of $175, or to drive to campus tomorrow to buy the books at the university bookstore at a cost of $170. Last week he drove to campus to buy a concert ticket because they offered 25 percent off the regular price of $16. The benefit to Matt of driving to campus to buy the concert ticket last week was:
选项：
A:$2
B:$4
C:$16
D:$9
答案: 【$4】
66、 问题:For the Fall semester, you had to pay a nonrefundable fee of $600 for your meal plan, which gives you up to 150 meals. If you eat 100 meals, your average cost for a meal is:
选项：
A:$5.
B:$0.25.
C:$6.
D:$4.
答案: 【$6.】
67、 问题:You save $10 on gas every week because you take the bus to school. You have class 5 days a week. What is your average benefit per day of taking the bus to school?
选项：
A:$5
B:$0
C:$2
D:$10
答案: 【$2】
68、 问题:Ginger bought a phone that came with a $10 rebate. Ginger should fill out and mail in the rebate form if:
选项：
A:the opportunity cost of the time and trouble of sending in the rebate form is less than $10.
B:the opportunity cost of the time and trouble of sending in the rebate form is more than $10.
C:Ginger’s surplus from purchasing the phone was less than $10.
D:she would have bought the phone without the rebate, and so sending in the rebate form involves no opportunity cost.
答案: 【the opportunity cost of the time and trouble of sending in the rebate form is less than $10.】
69、 问题:Suppose a retail store was offering 10% off list prices on all goods. The benefit of the 10% savings is:
选项：
A:negatively related to the list price of the good.
B:zero since costs and benefits shouldn’t be measured proportionally.
C:unrelated to the list price of the good.
D:positively related to the list price of the good.
答案: 【positively related to the list price of the good.】
70、 问题:A firm pays Pam $40 per hour to assemble personal computers. Each day, Pam can assemble 4 computers if she works 1 hour, 7 computers if she works 2 hours, 9 computers if she works 3 hours, and 10 computers if she works 4 hours. Pam cannot work more than 4 hours day. Each computer consists of a motherboard, a hard drive, a case, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. The total cost of these parts is $600 per computer. If the firm sells each computer for $650, then how many hours a day should the firm employ Pam to maximize its net benefit from her employment?
选项：
A:3 hours
B:4 hours
C:1 hour
D:2 hours
答案: 【4 hours】
71、 问题:Frank owns an apple farm and plans to spend 4 hours today picking apples. The number of apples he can pick per hour depends on the total number of hours he spends working in either the east orchard or the west orchard in the manner shown in the table below.
选项：
A:He should spend 1 hour in the east orchard and 3 hours in the west orchard.
B:He should spend 2 hours in east orchard and 2 hours in the west orchard.
C:He should spend 3 hours in the east orchard and 1 hour in the west orchard.
D:He should spend all 4 hours in the east orchard.
答案: 【He should spend 3 hours in the east orchard and 1 hour in the west orchard.】
72、 问题:Positive economic principles are those that:
选项：
A:indicate how people should behave.
B:are always correct.
C:are influenced by political ideology.
D:predict how people will behave.
答案: 【predict how people will behave.】
73、 问题:An editorial in the paper argues that a person only should be allowed to attend school if the marginal cost of educating that person is less than the marginal benefit of educating that person. The writer’s reasoning is an application of:
选项：
A:normative economics.
B:positive economics.
C:negative economics.
D:economic naturalism.
答案: 【normative economics.】
74、 问题:Every time you go to the grocery store, you try to wait in the shortest line. But the lines always seem to be roughly the same length. Why?
选项：
A:The cashiers work at the same speed.
B:The cashiers do not have an incentive to work faster.
C:Random chance equalizes the length of the lines.
D:Other people are trying to choose the shortest line too.
答案: 【Other people are trying to choose the shortest line too.】
75、 问题:You have two options for how to spend the afternoon. You can either go see a movie with your roommate or work as a tutor for the Math Department. From experience, you know that going to see a movie gives you $20 worth of enjoyment, and with your student discount, a movie ticket only costs $12. If you spend the afternoon working as a math tutor, you will get paid $45. On a typical day, you wouldn’t be willing to spend the afternoon working as a math tutor for less than $35. What is your opportunity cost of seeing a movie this afternoon?
选项：
A:$57
B:$12
C:$8
D:$22
答案: 【$12】
76、 问题:Economics is best defined as the study of:
选项：
A:how people make choices in the face of scarcity and the implications of those choices for society as a whole.
B:inflation, interest rates and the stock market.
C:supply and demand.
D:the financial concerns of businesses and individuals.
答案: 【how people make choices in the face of scarcity and the implications of those choices for society as a whole.】
77、 问题:The Scarcity Principle applies to:
选项：
A:consumers primarily.
B:firms primarily.
C:poor people primarily.
D:everyone.
答案: 【everyone.】
78、 问题:Whether studying the output of the U.S. economy or how many classes a student will take, an unifying concept is that:
选项：
A:wants are unlimited and resources are scarce, so trade-offs have to be made.
B:both wants and resources are unlimited.
C:wants are limited and resources are unlimited, so trade-offs have to be made.
D:wants are limited and resources are unlimited, so trade-offs are unnecessary.
答案: 【wants are unlimited and resources are scarce, so trade-offs have to be made.】
79、 问题:The Scarcity Principle tells us _, and the Cost-Benefit Principle tells us _.
选项：
A:how to make good choices; that choices involve costs and benefits
B:that good choices eliminate scarcity; how to make good choices
C:how to make choices; that choices must be made
D:that choices must be made; how to make good choices
答案: 【that choices must be made; how to make good choices】
80、 问题:Suppose that the extra cost to Tim of a third glass of soda is zero because he’s at a restaurant that gives free refills. According to the Cost-Benefit Principle Tim should:
选项：
A:not drink a third glass of soda.
B:drink a third glass of soda if his total benefit from drinking soda is positive.
C:drink a third glass of soda.
D:drink a third glass of soda if the extra benefit of doing so is positive.
答案: 【drink a third glass of soda if the extra benefit of doing so is positive.】
81、 问题:Jen spends her afternoon at the beach, paying $1 to rent a beach umbrella and $11 for food and drinks rather than spending an equal amount of money to go to a movie. Her opportunity cost of going to the beach is:
选项：
A:the $12 she spent on the umbrella, food and drinks.
B:only $0 because she would have spent $12 to go to the movie.
C:the value she places on seeing the movie plus the $12 she spent on the umbrella, food and drinks.
D:the value she places on seeing the movie.
答案: 【the value she places on seeing the movie.】
82、 问题:Suppose Mary is willing to pay up to $15,000 for an used Ford pick-up truck. If she buys one for $12,000, her _ would be _.
选项：
A:benefit; $12,000
B:economic surplus; $12,000
C:cost; $15,000
D:economic surplus; $3,000
答案: 【economic surplus; $3,000】
83、 问题:Economists believe the Cost-Benefit Principle is:
选项：
A:a simple but useful model of how people should make choices.
B:of little use to those who wish to learn how to make better decisions.
C:a comprehensive description all the factors that influence people’s choices.
D:an interesting intellectual exercise with little applicability to the real world.
答案: 【a simple but useful model of how people should make choices.】
84、 问题:Economists use abstract models because:
选项：
A:they are useful for describing general patterns of behavior.
B:computers have allowed economists to develop abstract models.
C:every economic situation is essentially the same, so specific details are unnecessary.
D:every economic situation is unique, so it is impossible to make generalizations.
答案: 【they are useful for describing general patterns of behavior.】
85、 问题:If one fails to account for implicit costs in decision making, then applying the cost-benefit rule will be flawed because:
选项：
A:the costs will be understated.
B:the benefits will be overstated.
C:the benefits will be understated.
D:the costs will be overstated.
答案: 【the costs will be understated.】
86、 问题:You paid $35 for a ticket (which is non-refundable) to see SPAM, a local rock band, in concert on Saturday. Assume that $35 is the most you would have been willing to pay for a ticket. Your boss called, and she is looking for someone to cover a shift on Saturday at the same time as the concert. You would have to work 4 hours and she would pay you $11/hr. The psychic cost to you of working is $2/hr. What is the opportunity cost of going to the concert?
选项：
A:$9
B:$35
C:$36
D:$1
答案: 【$36】
87、 问题:You paid $35 for a ticket (which is non-refundable) to see SPAM, a local rock band, in concert on Saturday. Assume that $35 is the most you would have been willing to pay for a ticket. Your boss called, and she is looking for someone to cover a shift on Saturday at the same time as the concert. You would have to work 4 hours and she would pay you $11/hr. The psychic cost to you of working is $2/hr. Your economic surplus from going to work instead of seeing SPAM on Saturday is:
选项：
A:$1
B:$36
C:$0
D:$35
答案: 【$1】
88、 问题:Matt has decided to purchase his textbooks for the semester. His options are to purchase the books online with next day delivery at a cost of $175, or to drive to campus tomorrow to buy the books at the university bookstore at a cost of $170. Last week he drove to campus to buy a concert ticket because they offered 25 percent off the regular price of $16. Given that driving to campus to buy the concert ticket was rational for Matt, Matt should:
选项：
A:drive to campus to buy the books because the books are cheaper at the bookstore than online.
B:not drive to campus to buy the books because the cost of gas and his time must certainly be more than the $5 he would save.
C:drive to campus to buy the books because the $5 he would save is more than he saved by driving to campus to buy the concert ticket.
D:not drive to campus to buy the books because the $5 he would save is only two percent of the cost of the books, and that is much less than the 25 percent he saved on the concert ticket.
答案: 【drive to campus to buy the books because the $5 he would save is more than he saved by driving to campus to buy the concert ticket.】
89、 问题:Suppose the total benefit of watching 1 baseball game is 100, the total benefit of watching 2 games is 120, and the total benefit of watching 3 games is 125. In this case, the marginal benefit of watching the 3rd game is:
选项：
A:125
B:41.67
C:375
D:5
答案: 【5】
90、 问题:Your scholarship depends on your maintaining a 3.5 cumulative GPA. Your GPA for last semester was 3.6, which brought your cumulative GPA down. What must be true?
选项：
A:Last semester’s grades were higher than your overall GPA.
B:If this semester’s grades are the same as last semester’s, you might lose your scholarship.
C:If this semester’s grades are the same as last semester’s, your overall GPA will stay the same.
D:Last semester’s grades were lower than your overall GPA.
答案: 【Last semester’s grades were lower than your overall GPA.】
91、 问题:Refer to the table below. The average cost of 5 units of activity is:
选项：
A:$6
B:$8
C:$4
D:$10
答案: 【$6】
92、 问题:Tony notes that an electronics store is offering a flat $20 off all prices in the store. Tony reasons that if he wants to buy something with a price of $50, then it is a good offer, but if he wants to buy something with a price of $500, then it is not a good offer. This is an example of:
选项：
A:the proper application of the Cost-Benefit Principle.
B:inconsistent reasoning; saving $20 is saving $20.
C:rational choice because saving 40% is better than saving 4%.
D:inconsistent reasoning because prices are sunk costs.
答案: 【inconsistent reasoning; saving $20 is saving $20.】
93、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:$100.
B:$1,000.
C:$900.
D:$200.
答案: 【$1,000.】
94、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:$300.
B:$200.
C:$100.
D:$400.
答案: 【$200.】
95、 问题:You won a free ticket to see the latest Star Trek movie this Friday night (which you can costlessly resell for its face value of $15). Your favorite band is also performing on Friday and is your only alternative activity. Friday is your last chance to see either the movie or the band. Tickets to see your favorite band cost $30, and on any given day, you would be willing to pay as much as $50 for a ticket. Based on this information, what is your opportunity cost of going to see the Star Trek movie on Friday?
选项：
A:$30
B:$35
C:$50
D:$0
答案: 【$35】
96、 问题:The table below shows the relationship between the number of times you get your car washed each month and your total monthly benefit from car washes. Each car wash costs $15.
选项：
A:$14
B:$12
C:$4
D:$15
答案: 【$15】
97、 问题:A study that deals with the salaries of university professors would be considered:
选项：
A:macroeconomics
B:economic naturalism
C:real economics
D:microeconomics
答案: 【microeconomics】
98、 问题:The field of economics that would be most concerned with a recent fall in interest rates is:
选项：
A:macroeconomics.
B:microeconomics.
C:economic naturalism.
D:marginal economics.
答案: 【macroeconomics.】
99、 问题:Pat can either drive to work, which takes half an hour and uses $1.50 worth of gas, or take the bus, which takes an hour and costs $1.00. How should Pat get to work?
选项：
A:Pat should drive because it saves half an hour relative to taking the bus.
B:Pat should drive if saving half an hour is worth $0.50 or more.
C:Pat should take the bus if saving half an hour is worth $0.50 or more.
D:Pat should take the bus because it costs $0.50 less than driving.
答案: 【Pat should drive if saving half an hour is worth $0.50 or more.】
100、 问题:You have two options for how to spend the afternoon. You can either go see a movie with your roommate or work as a tutor for the Math Department. From experience, you know that going to see a movie gives you $20 worth of enjoyment, and with your student discount, a movie ticket only costs $12. If you spend the afternoon working as a math tutor, you will get paid $45. On a typical day, you wouldn’t be willing to spend the afternoon working as a math tutor for less than $35. Should you go see a movie or work as a math tutor?
选项：
A:You should go to the movies.
B:You should work as a math tutor.
C:You should do neither.
D:Both options are equally good.
答案: 【You should work as a math tutor.】
101、 问题:If all the world’s resources were to magically increase one hundredfold, then:
选项：
A:people would still have to make trade-offs.
B:trade-offs would become unnecessary.
C:economics would no longer be relevant.
D:scarcity would disappear.
答案: 【people would still have to make trade-offs.】
102、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. What is Larry’s economic surplus from attending State College instead of his next best alternative?
选项：
A:$10,000
B:$40,000
C:$20,000
D:$5,000
答案: 【$5,000】
103、 问题:The opportunity cost of an activity includes the value of:
选项：
A:the least-best alternative that must be foregone.
B:the chosen activity minus the value of the next-best alternative.
C:all of the alternatives that must be forgone.
D:the next-best alternative that must be foregone.
答案: 【the next-best alternative that must be foregone.】
104、 问题:Amy is thinking about going to the movies tonight. A movie ticket costs $15, and she’ll have to cancel a $20 dog-sitting job that she would have been willing to do for free. The opportunity to Amy cost of going to the movies is:
选项：
A:$35.
B:$5.
C:$20.
D:$15.
答案: 【$35.】
105、 问题:If individuals are rational, they should choose actions that yield the:
选项：
A:smallest economic surplus.
B:smallest total costs.
C:largest total benefits.
D:largest economic surplus.
答案: 【largest economic surplus.】
106、 问题:Dividing the total cost of n units of an activity by n reveals the:
选项：
A:units per cost.
B:average cost.
C:average benefit.
D:marginal cost.
答案: 【average cost.】
107、 问题:Refer to the table below. The average benefit of 2 units of activity is:
选项：
A:$20
B:$40
C:$60
D:$80
答案: 【$80】
108、 问题:The table below shows how total donations, average donations, total labor costs and average labor costs vary depending on the number of employees State U hires for its fundraising activities.
选项：
A:$11,000.
B:$10,750.
C:$13,000.
D:$9,500.
答案: 【$11,000.】
109、 问题:A firm pays Pam $40 per hour to assemble personal computers. Each day, Pam can assemble 4 computers if she works 1 hour, 7 computers if she works 2 hours, 9 computers if she works 3 hours, and 10 computers if she works 4 hours. Pam cannot work more than 4 hours day. Each computer consists of a motherboard, a hard drive, a case, a monitor, a keyboard, and a mouse. The total cost of these parts is $600 per computer. If the firm sells each computer for $625, then how many hours a day should the firm employ Pam to maximize its net benefit from her employment?
选项：
A:1 hour
B:4 hours
C:3 hours
D:2 hours
答案: 【3 hours】
110、 问题:The following table shows the relationship between the speed of a computer’s CPU and its benefits and costs. Assume that all other features of the computer are the same (that is, CPU speed is the only source of variation), and only the CPU speeds listed below are available for purchase.
选项：
A:its marginal benefit is equal to its marginal cost.
B:its marginal benefit is greater than its marginal cost.
C:its marginal benefit is less than its marginal cost.
D:it is impossible to tell the difference compared to a 3.0GHz computer.
答案: 【its marginal benefit is less than its marginal cost.】
111、 问题:The Scarcity Principle states that:
选项：
A:society will eventually run out of resources.
B:with limited resources, having more of one thing means having less of another.
C:some countries have fewer resources than others.
D:people don’t have enough money to buy what they want.
答案: 【with limited resources, having more of one thing means having less of another.】
112、 问题:Jody has purchased a non-refundable $75 ticket to attend a Miley Cyrus concert on Friday night. Subsequently, she is asked to go to out dinner at no expense to her. If she uses cost-benefit analysis to choose between going to the concert and going out to dinner, the opportunity cost of going out to dinner should include:
选项：
A:only the cost of concert ticket.
B:neither the cost of the ticket nor the entertainment value of the concert.
C:only the entertainment value of the concert.
D:the cost of the ticket plus the entertainment value of the concert.
答案: 【only the entertainment value of the concert.】
113、 问题:An implication of scarcity is that:
选项：
A:people must make trade-offs.
B:people will never be happy.
C:some people will always be poor.
D:making trade-offs becomes unnecessary as wealth increases.
答案: 【people must make trade-offs.】
114、 问题:You want to buy a TV that regularly costs $250. You can either buy the TV from a nearby store or from a store that’s downtown. Relative to going to the nearby store, driving downtown involves additional time and gas. The downtown store, however, has a 10% off sale this week. Last week you drove downtown to save $20 on some concert tickets, a 15% savings. Should you drive downtown to buy the TV?
选项：
A:No, because you will only save 10%, which is less than 15%.
B:No, because you will save more than $20.
C:Yes, because you will save more than $20.
D:Yes, because you will save 10%, which is better than nothing.
答案: 【Yes, because you will save more than $20.】
115、 问题:According to the Cost-Benefit Principle, you should go see the latest Star Wars movie with your friends this week-end if:
选项：
A:you can afford to go to the movies.
B:the extra benefits of seeing the movie are greater than the extra costs of seeing the movie.
C:you really like Star Wars.
D:the average benefit you get from going to the movies is greater than the average cost of a ticket.
答案: 【the extra benefits of seeing the movie are greater than the extra costs of seeing the movie.】
116、 问题:The table below shows the relationship between the number of times you get your car washed each month and your total monthly benefit from car washes. Each car wash costs $15.
选项：
A:$8
B:$12
C:$4
D:$14
答案: 【$14】
117、 问题:Janie must choose to either mow the lawn or wash clothes. If she mows the lawn, she will earn $30, and if she washes clothes, she will earn $45. She dislikes both tasks equally and they both take the same amount of time. Janie will therefore choose to _ because it generates a _ economic surplus.
选项：
A:mow the lawn; bigger
B:mow the law; smaller
C:wash clothes; smaller
D:wash clothes; bigger
答案: 【wash clothes; bigger】
118、 问题:Frank owns an apple farm and plans to spend 4 hours today picking apples. The number of apples he can pick per hour depends on the total number of hours he spends working in either the east orchard or the west orchard in the manner shown in the table below.
选项：
A:40 apples
B:10 apples
C:30 apples
D:20 apples
答案: 【10 apples】
119、 问题:Dean should play golf instead of preparing for tomorrow’s exam in economics if:
选项：
A:he is irrational.
B:the economic surplus from playing golf is greater than the economic surplus from studying.
C:Dean can play golf for free.
D:the benefit of golfing is greater than the benefit of studying.
答案: 【the economic surplus from playing golf is greater than the economic surplus from studying.】
120、 问题:According to the Incentive Principle:
选项：
A:people tend to do more of something when its benefits are greater.
B:benefits are more important than costs in making a decision.
C:it is irrational to perform volunteer services.
D:people will always take the highest-paying job they are offered.
答案: 【people tend to do more of something when its benefits are greater.】
121、 问题:Larry was accepted at three different graduate schools, and must choose one. Elite U costs $50,000 per year and did not offer Larry any financial aid. Larry values attending Elite U at $60,000 per year. State College costs $30,000 per year, and offered Larry an annual $10,000 scholarship. Larry values attending State College at $40,000 per year. NoName U costs $20,000 per year, and offered Larry a full $20,000 annual scholarship. Larry values attending NoName at $15,000 per year. Larry maximizes his economic surplus by attending:
选项：
A:State College.
B:NoName U because the annual cost is only $20,000.
C:NoName U because he has a full scholarship there.
D:Elite U.
答案: 【State College.】
122、 问题:Microeconomics differs from macroeconomics in that microeconomics focuses on:
选项：
A:the choices made by individuals the implications of those choices.
B:the performance of the entire economy.
C:government policies designed improve the performance of the national economy.
D:issues such as inflation, unemployment and economic growth.
答案: 【the choices made by individuals the implications of those choices.】
123、 问题:All else equal, relative to a person who earns minimum wage, a person who earns $30 per hour has:
选项：
A:the same opportunity cost of spending time on leisure activities.
B:a higher opportunity cost of working an additional hour.
C:a lower opportunity cost of driving farther to work.
D:a higher opportunity cost of taking the day off work.
答案: 【a higher opportunity cost of taking the day off work.】
124、 问题:The study of individual choice and its implications for the behavior of prices and quantities in individual markets is:
选项：
A:microeconomics.
B:macroeconomics.
C:the Scarcity Principle.
D:a normative economic principle.
答案: 【microeconomics.】
125、 问题:The economic surplus of an action is:
选项：
A:the benefit gained by taking an action.
B:the difference between the benefit and the cost of taking an action.
C:the difference the explicit and implicit costs of taking an action.
D:the money a person has left over after taking an action.
答案: 【the difference between the benefit and the cost of taking an action.】
126、 问题:An economic naturalist is someone who:
选项：
A:has an innate talent for using economic concepts.
B:applies economic insights to understand everyday life.
C:studies the process of natural selection in a cost-benefit framework.
D:uses economic arguments to protect the environment.
答案: 【applies economic insights to understand everyday life.】
127、 问题:Your classmates from the University of Chicago are planning to go to Miami for spring break, and you are undecided about whether you should go with them. The round-trip airfares are $600, but you have a frequent-flyer coupon worth $500 that you could use to pay part of the airfare. All other costs for the vacation are exactly $900. The most you would be willing to pay for the trip is $1400. Your only alternative use for your frequent-flyer coupon is for your trip to Atlanta two weeks after the break to attend your sister’s graduation, which your parents are forcing you to attend. The Chicago-Atlanta round-trip airfares are $450. If the Chicago-Atlanta round-trip air fare were $350, should you use the coupon to go to Miami?
选项：
A:No, your economic surplus would be -$100.
B:No, your economic surplus would be -$50.
C:Yes, your economic surplus would be $50.
D:Yes, your economic surplus would be $400.
答案: 【Yes, your economic surplus would be $50.】
128、 问题:You have two options for how to spend the afternoon. You can either go see a movie with your roommate or work as a tutor for the Math Department. From experience, you know that going to see a movie gives you $20 worth of enjoyment, and with your student discount, a movie ticket only costs $12. If you spend the afternoon working as a math tutor, you will get paid $45. On a typical day, you wouldn’t be willing to spend the afternoon working as a math tutor for less than $35. What is your economic surplus from working as a math tutor instead of going to the movies?
选项：
A:$8
B:$57
C:$2
D:$22
答案: 【$2】
129、 问题:You paid $35 for a ticket (which is non-refundable) to see SPAM, a local rock band, in concert on Saturday. Assume that $35 is the most you would have been willing to pay for a ticket. Your boss called, and she is looking for someone to cover a shift on Saturday at the same time as the concert. You would have to work 4 hours and she would pay you $11/hr. The psychic cost to you of working is $2/hr. What is your opportunity cost of going to work on Saturday?
选项：
A:$36
B:$0
C:$35
D:$9
答案: 【$35】
130、 问题:Matt has decided to purchase his textbooks for the semester. His options are to purchase the books online with next day delivery at a cost of $175, or to drive to campus tomorrow to buy the books at the university bookstore at a cost of $170. Last week he drove to campus to buy a concert ticket because they offered 25 percent off the regular price of $16. The benefit to Matt of buying his books at the university bookstore instead of online is:
选项：
A:$170
B:$5
C:$9
D:$175
答案: 【$5】
131、 问题:Matt has decided to purchase his textbooks for the semester. His options are to purchase the books online with next day delivery at a cost of $175, or to drive to campus tomorrow to buy the books at the university bookstore at a cost of $170. Last week he drove to campus to buy a concert ticket because they offered 25 percent off the regular price of $16. Assume the minimum that Matt would be willing to accept to drive to campus is equal to the $4 he saved on the concert ticket. What would his economic surplus be if he bought his textbooks at the university bookstore rather than online?
选项：
A:$1
B:$20
C:$5
D:$50
答案: 【$1】
132、 问题:Suppose the marginal cost of the 1st hour of talking on the phone is $50, the marginal cost of the 2nd hour is $75, and the marginal cost of the 3rd hour is $105. In this case, the total cost of talking on the phone for 3 hours is:
选项：
A:$315
B:$150
C:$230
D:$105
答案: 【$230】
133、 问题:The extra benefit that results from carrying out one additional unit of an activity is the __ of the activity.
选项：
A:average benefit
B:marginal benefit
C:economic benefit
D:total benefit
答案: 【marginal benefit】
134、 问题:The average benefit of n units of an activity is the:
选项：
A:total benefit of n units divided by n.
B:n times the total benefit of n units.
C:extra benefit from carrying out one additional unit of the activity.
D:n divided by the total benefit of n units.
答案: 【total benefit of n units divided by n.】
135、 问题:Refer to the table below. The average cost of 4 units of this activity is:
选项：
A:$40
B:$25
C:$30
D:$20
答案: 【$25】
136、 问题:Forest lives in complete isolation in Montana. He is self-sufficient and feeds himself through hunting, fishing, and farming. Which of the following statements about Forest is true?
选项：
A:Forest is not required to make trade-offs because he is self-sufficient.
B:Forest has unlimited resources.
C:Forest doesn’t have to consider costs and benefits.
D:Forest has to make trade-offs.
答案: 【Forest has to make trade-offs.】
137、 问题:Refer to the table below. The marginal cost of the 3rd unit of this activity is:
选项：
A:$10
B:$30
C:$20
D:$25
答案: 【$20】
138、 问题:Josh wants to go to the football game this weekend, but he has a paper due on Monday. It will take him the whole weekend to write the paper. Josh decides to stay home and work on the paper. According to the Scarcity Principle, the reason Josh doesn’t go to the game is that:
选项：
A:Josh can’t go the game and finish the paper.
B:Josh prefers schoolwork to football games.
C:going to the game won’t be fun.
D:writing the paper is easier than going to the game.
答案: 【Josh can’t go the game and finish the paper.】
139、 问题:Refer to the table below. The marginal cost of the 4th unit of activity is:
选项：
A:$10
B:$5
C:$8
D:$6
答案: 【$8】
140、 问题:The Cost-Benefit Principle indicates that an action should be taken if:
选项：
A:its average benefits exceed its average costs.
B:its extra benefit is greater than or equal to its extra cost.
C:its total benefits exceed its total costs.
D:its net benefit (benefit minus cost) is zero.
答案: 【its extra benefit is greater than or equal to its extra cost.】
141、 问题:Refer to the table below. The marginal benefit of the 6th unit of activity is:
选项：
A:$4
B:$7
C:$1
D:$2
答案: 【$2】
142、 问题:If a person takes an action if, and only if, the extra benefits from taking that action exceed the extra costs, then that person is:
选项：
A:not rational.
B:following the Cost-Benefit Principle.
C:following the Scarcity Principle.
D:not following the Cost-Benefit Principle.
答案: 【following the Cost-Benefit Principle.】
143、 问题:The table below shows the relationship between the number of times you get your car washed each month and your total monthly benefit from car washes. Each car wash costs $15.
选项：
A:1
B:3
C:2
D:4
答案: 【2】
第二讲 比较优势 课后测验
1、 问题:An individual has an absolute advantage in producing pizzas if that individual:
选项：
A:has a lower opportunity cost of producing pizzas than anyone else.
B:can produce more pizzas in a given amount of time than anyone else.
C: has a higher opportunity cost of producing pizzas than anyone else.
D:charges the lowest price for pizzas.
答案: 【can produce more pizzas in a given amount of time than anyone else.】
2、 问题:If Al has an absolute advantage over Beth in preparing meals, then:
选项：
A:it takes Al more time to prepare a meal than Beth.
B:the problem of scarcity applies to Beth but not to Al.
C:Al’s opportunity cost of preparing a meal is lower than is Beth’s.
D:Al can prepare more meals in a given time period than Beth.
答案: 【Al can prepare more meals in a given time period than Beth.】
3、 问题:If Les can produce two pairs of pants per hour while Eva can produce one pair per hour, then it must be true that:
选项：
A:Les has a comparative advantage in producing pants.
B:Les has an absolute advantage in producing pants.
C:Eva has a comparative advantage in producing pants.
D:Les has both comparative and absolute advantage in producing pants.
答案: 【Les has an absolute advantage in producing pants.】
4、 问题:If a nation can produce a more computers per year than any other nation, that nation has a(n) ______ advantage in the production of computers.
选项：
A:comparative
B:absolute
C:relative
D:natural
答案: 【absolute】
5、 问题:If you have a comparative advantage in a particular task, then:
选项：
A:you are better at it than other people.
B:you give up more to accomplish that task than do others.
C:you give up less to accomplish that task than do others.
D:you have specialized in that task, while others have not.
答案: 【you give up less to accomplish that task than do others.】
6、 问题: Larry has a comparative advantage over his classmates in writing term papers if he:
选项：
A:can write term papers faster than his classmates.
B:has an absolute advantage in writing term papers.
C:always earns an A on his term papers.
D:has a lower opportunity cost of writing term papers than his classmates.
答案: 【has a lower opportunity cost of writing term papers than his classmates.】
7、 问题:If a nation has the lowest opportunity cost of producing a good, that nation has a(n) ______ in the production of that good.
选项：
A:comparative advantage
B:absolute advantage
C:comparative advantage and an absolute advantage
D:absolute advantage and possibly a comparative advantage.
答案: 【comparative advantage】
8、 问题:Which of the following statements is true?
选项：
A:Absolute advantage implies comparative advantage.
B:Comparative advantage does not require absolute advantage.
C:Absolute advantage requires comparative advantage.
D:Comparative advantage requires absolute advantage.
答案: 【Comparative advantage does not require absolute advantage.】
9、 问题:If Jane can produce 3 pairs of shoes per hour, while Bob can produce 2, then __ has a(n) ____ advantage in producing shoes.
选项：
A:Jane; absolute
B:Jane; comparative
C:Bob; absolute
D:Bob; comparative
答案: 【Jane; absolute】
10、 问题:Refer to the table below. According to the table, Martha has the absolute advantage in:
选项：
A:pies.
B:neither pies nor cakes.
C:cakes.
D:both pies and cakes.
答案: 【neither pies nor cakes.】
11、 问题:Refer to the table below. According to the table, Julia has the absolute advantage in:
选项：
A:pies.
B:neither pies nor cakes.
C:cakes.
D:both pies and cakes.
答案: 【both pies and cakes.】
12、 问题:Refer to the table below. Martha’s opportunity cost of making of a pie is:
选项：
A:3/4 of a cake.
B:4/3 of a cake.
C:8 cakes.
D:80 cakes.
答案: 【3/4 of a cake.】
13、 问题:Refer to the table below. Martha’s opportunity cost of making a cake is:
选项：
A:3/4 of a pie.
B:4/3 of a pie.
C:6 pies.
D:60 pies.
答案: 【4/3 of a pie.】
14、 问题:Refer to the table below. Julia’s opportunity cost of making a pie is:
选项：
A:60 cakes
B:6 cakes
C:6/5 of a cake
D:5/6 of a cake
答案: 【5/6 of a cake】
15、 问题:Refer to the table below. Julia’s opportunity cost of making a cake is:
选项：
A:60 pies
B:6 pies
C:6/5 of a pie
D:5/6 of a pie
答案: 【6/5 of a pie】
16、 问题:Refer to the table above. __ has the comparative advantage in making pies and ____ the comparative advantage in making cakes.
选项：
A:Martha; Martha
B:Julia; Julia
C:Martha; Julia
D:Julia; Martha
答案: 【Martha; Julia】
17、 问题:Refer to the table below. Based on their comparative advantage, Martha should specialize in _ while Julia should specialize in _.
选项：
A:pies; cakes
B:cakes; pies
C:neither pies nor cakes; both pies and cakes
D:both pies and cakes; neither pies nor cakes
答案: 【pies; cakes】
18、 问题:Suppose it takes Dan 5 minutes to make a sandwich and 15 minutes to make a smoothie, and it takes Tracy 6 minutes to make a sandwich and 12 minutes to make a smoothie. What is the opportunity cost to Dan of making a sandwich?
选项：
A:1/3 of a smoothie
B:3 smoothies
C:15 smoothies
D:5 smoothies
答案: 【1/3 of a smoothie】
19、 问题:Suppose it takes Dan 5 minutes to make a sandwich and 15 minutes to make a smoothie, and it takes Tracy 6 minutes to make a sandwich and 12 minutes to make a smoothie. Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Dan has the comparative advantage in smoothies, but Tracy has the absolute advantage in smoothies.
B:Dan has the comparative and absolute advantage in sandwiches.
C:Dan has the comparative and absolute advantage in smoothies.
D:Dan has the comparative advantage in sandwiches, but Tracy has the absolute advantage in sandwiches.
答案: 【Dan has the comparative and absolute advantage in sandwiches.】
20、 问题:Suppose it takes Dan 5 minutes to make a sandwich and 15 minutes to make a smoothie, and it takes Tracy 6 minutes to make a sandwich and 12 minutes to make a smoothie. Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Tracy should specialize in sandwiches and smoothies.
B:Dan should specialize in smoothies, and Tracy should specialize in sandwiches.
C:Dan should specialize in sandwiches, and Tracy should specialize in smoothies.
D:Dan should specialize in both sandwiches and smoothies.
答案: 【Dan should specialize in smoothies, and Tracy should specialize in sandwiches.】
21、 问题:Suppose it takes Paul 3 hours to bake a cake and 2 hours to move the lawn, and suppose it takes Tom 2 hours to bake a cake and 1 hour to mow the lawn. Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Paul has the absolute advantage in baking cakes.
B:Paul has the comparative in mowing the lawn.
C:Paul has the comparative in baking cakes.
D:Paul has the absolute advantage in mowing the lawn.
答案: 【Paul has the comparative in baking cakes.】
第四讲 弹性 课后测验4
1、 问题:Suppose that total expenditures for coffee reach a maximum at a price of $5 per pound. At this price, the demand for coffee is:
选项：
A:unit elastic.
B:inelastic.
C:elastic.
D:perfectly inelastic.
答案: 【unit elastic.】
2、 问题:Suppose that Chris had been charging $1.00 per pound for potatoes. When Chris lowered the price to $0.90 per pound, his total revenue fell. When Chris raised the price to $1.10, total revenue also fell. Which of the following could explain this?
选项：
A:$1.00 is the equilibrium price for potatoes.
B:$1.10 is more than Chris’s customers’ reservation prices.
C:At 90 cents, there is excess demand for potatoes.
D:The price elasticity of demand for potatoes is 1 at a price of $1.00 per pound.
答案: 【The price elasticity of demand for potatoes is 1 at a price of $1.00 per pound.】
3、 问题:At a price of $20 each, the demand for t-shirts from a group’s fundraising activity is unit elastic. Thus, the group’s total revenue from selling t-shirts __ at a price of $20 each.
选项：
A:will equal $1
B:will equal $0
C:reaches its minimum
D:reaches its maximum
答案: 【reaches its maximum】
4、 问题:The responsiveness of the quantity demanded of one good to a change in the price of a different good is measured by the:
选项：
A:price elasticity of demand.
B:price elasticity of supply.
C:cross-price elasticity of demand.
D:income elasticity of demand.
答案: 【cross-price elasticity of demand.】
5、 问题:If two products are substitutes, then the:
选项：
A:price elasticity of demand for both will be positive.
B:cross-price elasticity of demand between them will be negative.
C:income elasticity of demand for both will be high.
D:cross-price elasticity of demand between them will be positive.
答案: 【cross-price elasticity of demand between them will be positive.】
6、 问题:If cross-price elasticity of demand between two goods is positive, the two goods are:
选项：
A:normal.
B:substitutes.
C:inferior.
D:complements.
答案: 【substitutes.】
7、 问题:The cross-price elasticity of demand between two goods that are substitutes can never be:
选项：
A:greater than one.
B:less than one.
C:positive.
D:negative.
答案: 【negative.】
8、 问题:If the cross-price elasticity of demand between lettuce and salad dressing is negative, then when the price of lettuce rises, the demand for salad dressing will __.
选项：
A:become more inelastic
B:increase
C:decrease
D:remain the same
答案: 【decrease】
9、 问题:If the demand for salad dressing increases when the price of lettuce decreases, the cross-price elasticity of demand between salad dressing and lettuce will be _ because these two goods are _.
选项：
A:negative; complements
B:zero; inferior
C:equal to 1; inelastic
D:negative; substitutes
答案: 【negative; complements】
10、 问题:The cross-price elasticity of demand between bread and potatoes is estimated to be 0.5. This implies bread and potatoes are:
选项：
A:complements.
B:unrelated.
C:normal goods.
D:substitutes.
答案: 【substitutes.】
11、 问题:If the cross-price elasticity of demand between blueberries and yogurt is negative, then the two goods are:
选项：
A:complements.
B:substitutes.
C:inferior goods.
D:normal goods.
答案: 【complements.】
12、 问题:If the cross-price elasticity of demand between two goods is -1.2, then the two goods are:
选项：
A:elastically demanded.
B:complements.
C:substitutes.
D:inferior.
答案: 【complements.】
13、 问题:Suppose that if the price of plane tickets increased, more people would choose to travel by train. If this happened, you would know that:
选项：
A:plane tickets are an inferior good.
B:the cross-price elasticity between plane tickets and train tickets is positive.
C:plane tickets and train tickets are complements.
D:the cross-price elasticity between plane tickets and train tickets is negative.
答案: 【the cross-price elasticity between plane tickets and train tickets is positive.】
14、 问题:If most consumer goods and services are _, then most income elasticities are _.
选项：
A:normal; greater than one
B:normal; positive
C:inferior; positive
D:normal; negative
答案: 【normal; positive】
15、 问题:During recessions, when some workers lose their jobs and have lower incomes, sales of durable goods (goods with a life expectancy of 3 years or more) decline. Apparently, durable goods are:
选项：
A:complements.
B:inferior goods.
C:substitutes.
D:normal goods.
答案: 【normal goods.】
16、 问题:In surveying their alumni, State U’s economics department discovered that ramen noodle consumption declined once students graduated and found jobs. One conclusion the survey team might draw from this result is that:
选项：
A:there is excess demand for ramen noodles.
B:college graduates have a high reservation price for ramen noodles.
C:ramen noodles are an inferior good.
D:the equilibrium price for ramen noodles is too high.
答案: 【ramen noodles are an inferior good.】
17、 问题:If your income elasticity of demand for hot dogs is negative, then:
选项：
A:you must not enjoy eating hot dogs.
B:hot dogs are an inferior good for you.
C:hot dogs have no close substitutes for you.
D:your demand curve for hot dogs is not downward sloping.
答案: 【hot dogs are an inferior good for you.】
18、 问题:A change in consumers’ incomes causes a change in:
选项：
A:supply.
B:the demand for normal goods but not the demand for inferior goods.
C:the cross-price elasticity of demand.
D:demand.
答案: 【demand.】
19、 问题:If the income elasticity for a particular good is negative, then:
选项：
A:as income increases, consumers will tend to purchase more of the good.
B:as income increases, consumers will tend to purchase less of the good.
C:the good is a luxury good.
D:the good is a normal good.
答案: 【as income increases, consumers will tend to purchase less of the good.】
20、 问题:Suppose you believe that plaid flannel shirts are an inferior good, and want to test this with economic data. You expect to find that the income elasticity for plaid flannel shirts is:
选项：
A:greater than one.
B:greater than zero, but less than one.
C:less than zero.
D:close to zero.
答案: 【less than zero.】
21、 问题:You have found data that indicates that the income elasticity of demand for generic (unbranded) shampoo is -0.7. You should conclude that generic shampoo:
选项：
A:is a normal good.
B:is below its equilibrium price.
C:is an inferior good.
D:has inelastic demand.
答案: 【is an inferior good.】
22、 问题:The percentage change in quantity supplied that results from a 1 percent change in price is known as the:
选项：
A:cross-price elasticity of demand.
B:slope of the supply curve.
C:price elasticity of supply.
D:cross-price elasticity of supply.
答案: 【price elasticity of supply.】
23、 问题:The price elasticity of supply at a point is:
选项：
A:the change in price divided by the change in quantity supplied.
B:the change in quantity supplied divided by the change in price.
C:the percentage change in quantity supplied divided by the percentage change in price.
D:the percentage change in price divided by the percentage change in quantity supplied.
答案: 【the percentage change in quantity supplied divided by the percentage change in price.】
24、 问题:If a one percent increase in the price of oranges leads to a five percent increase in the quantity supplied, the price elasticity of supply for oranges is __.
选项：
A:1/5
B:2
C:1/2
D:5
答案: 【5】
25、 问题:Suppose an increase in the price of golf clubs from $75 to $125 leads to an increase in quantity supplied from 200 units to 300 units. The price elasticity of supply for golf clubs at the original price of $75 is _, so supply is _.
选项：
A:3/4; inelastic
B:2; elastic
C:2; inelastic
D:4/3; elastic
答案: 【3/4; inelastic】
26、 问题:Suppose an increase in the price of hamburger from $3 to $4 leads to an increase in quantity supplied from 100 units to 150 units. At the original price, the price elasticity of supply for hamburgers is _ so supply is _.
选项：
A:2/3; elastic
B:2/3; inelastic
C:3/2; inelastic
D:3/2; elastic
答案: 【3/2; elastic】
27、 问题:Refer to the figure below. What is the slope of the supply curve?
选项：
A:1/2
B:2
C:4
D:1
答案: 【1/2】
28、 问题:Refer to the figure below. What is the price elasticity of supply at point A?
选项：
A:4
B:1/2
C:2
D:1
答案: 【1】
29、 问题:Refer to the figure below. What is the price elasticity of supply at point B and point C?
选项：
A:3/4; 1/2
B:3; 2
C:1/2; 3/4
D:1; 1
答案: 【1; 1】
30、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If P = $6, then the price elasticity of supply is:
选项：
A:less than zero
B:one
C:greater than one
D:positive, but less than one
答案: 【greater than one】
31、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If the price rises from $10 to $14, what will happen to the price elasticity of supply?
选项：
A:It increases.
B:It stays the same.
C:It decreases.
D:This cannot be determined from the information provided.
答案: 【It decreases.】
32、 问题:It takes many years to train to become an orthopedic surgeon. This suggests that, in the short run, a sudden increase in the demand for orthopedic surgeons will:
选项：
A:lead to a large increase in the number of orthopedic surgeons.
B:not affect the salaries of orthopedic surgeons.
C:have little effect on the number of trained orthopedic surgeons.
D:have no impact on the number of people who decide to become orthopedic surgeons.
答案: 【have little effect on the number of trained orthopedic surgeons.】
33、 问题:The inputs used to produce cupcakes (e.g., flour, sugar, butter, and labor) are also used to produce cookies, cakes, muffins, pies and many other goods. This suggests that:
选项：
A:the elasticity of supply of cupcakes is relatively high.
B:cupcakes are a normal good.
C:the elasticity of supply of cupcakes is relatively low.
D:the supply curve for cupcakes is downward sloping.
答案: 【the elasticity of supply of cupcakes is relatively high.】
34、 问题:The price elasticity of supply for the Hope Diamond is zero because there is only one. Therefore, the supply curve for the Hope Diamond is
选项：
A:perfectly inelastic.
B:perfectly elastic.
C:unit elastic.
D:elastic.
答案: 【perfectly inelastic.】
35、 问题:Suppose that each serving of Mac & Cheese costs $0.50 to make no matter how many servings are produced. This means that the price elasticity of supply for Mac & Cheese is _ and the supply curve is _.
选项：
A:zero; perfectly elastic
B:infinite; perfectly elastic
C:infinite; perfectly inelastic
D:one; perfectly inelastic
答案: 【infinite; perfectly elastic】
36、 问题:Antony’s Pizza uses the same dough, sauce, and cheese for pizza and calzones. When the price of pizza is low Antony produces more calzones. For Antony, the supply of pizza is __ compared to the supply at a pizza restaurant that does not serve calzones.
选项：
A:more price elastic
B:less price elastic
C:higher
D:lower
答案: 【more price elastic】
37、 问题:Oil and oil products remain the main fuel for cars, planes, ships, and power plants. The amount of oil still in the earth is finite. Given this information, the supply of gasoline is __.
选项：
A:relatively elastic
B:greater than the quantity demanded
C:unit elastic
D:relatively inelastic
答案: 【relatively inelastic】
38、 问题:The championship game will be held next weekend in your college’s 40,000-seat stadium. The supply of tickets to the game:
选项：
A:is perfectly inelastic.
B:is elastic.
C:depends on which teams make it to the championship game.
D:will increase because the price charged will be higher.
答案: 【is perfectly inelastic.】
39、 问题:For Outback Steakhouse, seating capacity is limited in the short run. In the long run, they can add as many seats as they want. Therefore, the price elasticity of supply for meals at Outback would be __ in the short run than in the long run.
选项：
A:the same
B:more variable
C:higher
D:lower
答案: 【lower】
40、 问题:You read online that, at current rates of production, the yearly world supply of food is sufficient to feed the projected 2050 population of earth, but that after 2050 there will be massive starvation. This prediction appears to assume that:
选项：
A:the long-run supply of food is perfectly elastic.
B:the short-run supply of food is perfectly elastic.
C:the long-run supply of food is perfectly inelastic.
D:the short-run elasticity of supply of food is greater than long-run elasticity of supply.
答案: 【the long-run supply of food is perfectly inelastic.】
41、 问题:In 1985 a desert community stopped pumping water from a 1000 foot well because it had run dry. In 2005 the price of water doubled. The community then drilled the well deeper and started pumping again. In this community,
选项：
A:markets cannot reach equilibrium because there is a persistent shortage of water.
B:the supply of water is perfectly inelastic because it is a finite resource.
C:higher water prices can reduce quantity demanded but cannot increase quantity supplied.
D:water production is characterized by increasing opportunity costs.
答案: 【water production is characterized by increasing opportunity costs.】
42、 问题:The price elasticity of demand for a good measures the responsiveness of:
选项：
A:demand to a one percent change in price of that good.
B:quantity demanded to a one percent change in price of that good.
C:price to a one percent change in the quantity demanded of that good.
D:price to a one percent change in the demand for that good.
答案: 【quantity demanded to a one percent change in price of that good.】
43、 问题:The price elasticity of demand is a measure of:
选项：
A:the change in quantity demanded of a good that results from a change in its price.
B:the demand for a good.
C:the change in price of a good that results from a change in its quantity demanded.
D:how consumers respond to excess demand.
答案: 【the change in quantity demanded of a good that results from a change in its price.】
44、 问题:The percentage change in quantity demanded that results from a 1 percent change in price is known as the:
选项：
A:price elasticity of demand.
B:cross-price elasticity of demand.
C:price elasticity of supply.
D:income elasticity of demand.
答案: 【price elasticity of demand.】
45、 问题:When calculating price elasticity of demand, if the percentage change in price is negative, then the percentage change in quantity demanded is typically:
选项：
A:less than one.
B:negative.
C:positive.
D:greater than one.
答案: 【positive.】
46、 问题:If the price of cheese falls by 1 percent and the quantity demanded rises by 3 percent, then the price elasticity of demand for cheese is equal to:
选项：
A:30.
B:0.333.
C:3.
D:0.30.
答案: 【3.】
47、 问题:If the price of textbooks increases by one percent and the quantity demanded falls by one-half percent, then the price elasticity of demand is equal to:
选项：
A:0.5.
B:5.
C:2.
D:0.05.
答案: 【0.5.】
48、 问题:If the price of textbooks increases by one percent and the quantity demanded falls by one-half percent, then demand for textbooks is:
选项：
A:negative.
B:unit elastic.
C:elastic.
D:inelastic.
答案: 【inelastic.】
49、 问题:The price elasticity of demand is typically expressed as a positive number because:
选项：
A:both the numerator and the denominator are negative, so the formula yields a positive number.
B:the demand curve has a positive slope.
C:it’s convenient to use absolute values.
D:price and quantity move in the same direction.
答案: 【it’s convenient to use absolute values.】
50、 问题:If the absolute value of the price elasticity of demand for tickets to a football game is 2, then if the price increases by 1%, quantity demanded decreases by:
选项：
A:4%.
B:½%.
C:2%.
D:1%.
答案: 【2%.】
51、 问题:If the absolute value of the price elasticity of demand for cell phone service is 3, then if the price of cell phone service increases by 1%, quantity demanded would:
选项：
A:decrease by 3%.
B:increase by 3%.
C:decrease by 0.33%.
D:increase by 0.33%.
答案: 【decrease by 3%.】
52、 问题:If 20% increase in the price of a good leads to a 60% decrease in the quantity demanded, then what is the price elasticity of demand?
选项：
A:1/3.
B:1/6.
C:30.
D:3.
答案: 【3.】
53、 问题:If a 10% decrease in the price of a good leads to a 20% increase in the quantity demanded, then what is the price elasticity of demand?
选项：
A:10.
B:2.
C:20.
D:½.
答案: 【2.】
54、 问题:If the price elasticity of demand for pineapples is 0.75, then a 4% increase in the price of pineapples will lead to a:
选项：
A:3% increase in the quantity of pineapples demanded.
B:0.75% decrease in the quantity of pineapples demanded.
C:3% decrease in the quantity of pineapples demanded.
D:0.75% increase in the quantity of pineapples demanded.
答案: 【3% decrease in the quantity of pineapples demanded.】
55、 问题:If the price elasticity of demand for chicken is 2, then a 20% decrease in the price of chicken will lead to a:
选项：
A:40% increase in the quantity demanded of chicken.
B:10% decrease in the quantity demanded of chicken.
C:40% decrease in the quantity demanded of chicken.
D:10% increase in the quantity demanded of chicken.
答案: 【40% increase in the quantity demanded of chicken.】
56、 问题:If the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes is 0.55, and the price of cigarettes increases by 10 percent, then the quantity of cigarettes demanded will fall by:
选项：
A:5.5 percent.
B:55 percent.
C:550 percent.
D:0.55 percent.
答案: 【5.5 percent.】
57、 问题:The demand for a good is elastic if the price elasticity of demand is:
选项：
A:less than one.
B:equal to zero.
C:equal to one.
D:greater than one.
答案: 【greater than one.】
58、 问题:If the price elasticity of demand for a good is greater than one, then the demand for that good is:
选项：
A:perfectly elastic.
B:unit elastic.
C:elastic.
D:inelastic.
答案: 【elastic.】
59、 问题:The demand for a good is inelastic with respect to price if the price elasticity of demand is:
选项：
A:equal to one.
B:less than one.
C:equal to negative one.
D:greater than one.
答案: 【less than one.】
60、 问题:The demand for a good is unit elastic with respect to price if the price elasticity of demand is:
选项：
A:less than one.
B:greater than negative one.
C:equal to one.
D:greater than one.
答案: 【equal to one.】
61、 问题:If the price elasticity of demand for a good equals one, then the demand for that good is:
选项：
A:perfectly elastic.
B:inelastic.
C:elastic.
D:unit elastic.
答案: 【unit elastic.】
62、 问题:When the price of hot dogs is $1.50 each, 500 hot dogs are sold every day. After the price falls to $1.35 each, 510 hot dogs are sold every day. At the original price, what is the price elasticity of demand for hot dogs?
选项：
A:0.2
B:2
C:5
D:66.67
答案: 【0.2】
63、 问题:When the price of NBA tickets is $25 each, 30,000 tickets are sold. After the price rises to $30 each, 20,000 tickets are sold. At the original price, the demand for NBA ticket is:
选项：
A:unit elastic.
B:inelastic.
C:perfectly elastic.
D:elastic.
答案: 【elastic.】
64、 问题:If the percentage change in the price of a good is less than the resulting percentage change in the quantity demanded of that good, then the demand for that good is:
选项：
A:unit elastic.
B:elastic.
C:inelastic.
D:perfectly inelastic.
答案: 【elastic.】
65、 问题:If consumers respond to a 10% price reduction by buying twice as much of a particular good, we would conclude that:
选项：
A:the price elasticity of demand at the original price was greater than one.
B:there was excess demand at the original price.
C:there was excess supply at the original price.
D:the price elasticity of demand at the original price was less than one.
答案: 【the price elasticity of demand at the original price was greater than one.】
66、 问题:Suppose a 10% increase in the price of aspirin leads to a 5% decrease in the quantity demanded of aspirin. The demand for aspirin, therefore, is
选项：
A:elastic.
B:inelastic.
C:perfectly inelastic.
D:unit elastic.
答案: 【inelastic.】
67、 问题:If the percentage change in the price of a good is equal to the percentage change in the quantity demanded of that good, then the demand for that good is:
选项：
A:inelastic.
B:elastic.
C:unit elastic.
D:perfectly elastic.
答案: 【unit elastic.】
68、 问题:If the demand for a good is highly elastic, that good is likely to have:
选项：
A:few close complements.
B:few close substitutes.
C:many close complements.
D:many close substitutes.
答案: 【many close substitutes.】
69、 问题:If consumers can easily switch to a close substitute when the price of a good increases, demand for that good is likely to be:
选项：
A:perfectly inelastic.
B:elastic.
C:unit elastic.
D:inelastic.
答案: 【elastic.】
70、 问题:When the demand for a good is inelastic, that good is likely to have:
选项：
A:many close substitutes.
B:few close complements.
C:few close substitutes.
D:many close complements.
答案: 【few close substitutes.】
71、 问题:If consumers cannot readily switch to a close substitute when the price of a good increases, the demand for that good is likely to be:
选项：
A:elastic.
B:perfectly elastic.
C:unit elastic.
D:inelastic.
答案: 【inelastic.】
72、 问题:Which of the following is likely to have the highest price elasticity of demand?
选项：
A:Nike running shoes
B:The price elasticity of demand will be the same for all of the answers listed.
C:shoes
D:running shoes
答案: 【Nike running shoes】
73、 问题:For which of the following products is demand likely to be least elastic with respect to price?
选项：
A:Green vegetables
B:Vegetables
C:Food
D:Green beans
答案: 【Food】
74、 问题:Suppose the company that owns the vending machines on your campus has doubled the price of a can of soda. They then notice that they are selling approximately 15% fewer sodas. The price elasticity of demand for sodas from the campus vending machines, therefore, is:
选项：
A:infinite
B:unit elastic
C:elastic
D:inelastic
答案: 【inelastic】
75、 问题:Suppose the company that owns the vending machines on your campus has doubled the price of a can of soda. If they then still sell almost the same number of sodas per day, this suggests:
选项：
A:the price elasticity of demand for soda is equal to 1.
B:soda purchases represent a large fraction of students’ budgets.
C:students do not have good nutritional information.
D:there are few other places to purchase soda on campus.
答案: 【there are few other places to purchase soda on campus.】
76、 问题:Suppose the price of a Snickers candy bar is $2.00 at both the airport and the grocery store. The price elasticity of demand for a Snickers candy bar at an airport is likely to be __ the price elasticity of demand for a Snickers candy bar at the grocery store.
选项：
A:the reciprocal of
B:less than
C:equal to
D:greater than
答案: 【less than】
77、 问题:All else equal, the price elasticity of demand for a good tends to be lower:
选项：
A:if the good represents a large share of a consumer’s budget.
B:in the long run.
C:if the good has many close substitutes.
D:if the good has few close substitutes.
答案: 【if the good has few close substitutes.】
78、 问题:Jeans in general have fewer close substitutes than a specific brand of jeans. Therefore, the demand for jeans in general will be __ than the demand for a specific brand of jeans.
选项：
A:more unit elastic
B:more elastic
C:less elastic
D:less inelastic
答案: 【less elastic】
79、 问题:Satellite TV is a close substitute for cable TV. In the 1990’s, small satellite TV units were developed that made it less costly for individual consumers to subscribe to satellite TV service. This caused the price elasticity of demand for cable TV service to:
选项：
A:become less elastic.
B:shift to the left.
C:become more inelastic.
D:become more elastic.
答案: 【become more elastic.】
80、 问题:Suppose that the demand for electricity has been found to be price inelastic. The most likely explanation for this finding is that:
选项：
A:electricity is sold in a monopoly market.
B:few substitutes for electricity exist.
C:the fraction of income spent on electricity is large.
D:electricity is a luxury good.
答案: 【few substitutes for electricity exist.】
81、 问题:Suppose that there is only one small clothing store in the remote village of Green Acres, and until recently the townspeople bought their shirts there. As more people in Green Acres become connected to the Internet, the price elasticity of demand for shirts at the Green Acres store will:
选项：
A:remain the same, but the quantity demanded will decrease as more people shop online.
B:remain the same, but the demand will decrease as more people shop online.
C:increase because the Internet offers more substitutes.
D:decrease because the Internet offers more substitutes.
答案: 【increase because the Internet offers more substitutes.】
82、 问题:All else equal, the price elasticity of demand for small-budget items such as soap tends to be __ than the price elasticity of demand for big-ticket items such as flat-screen TVs.
选项：
A:lower
B:very high
C:the same
D:higher
答案: 【lower】
83、 问题:All else equal, compared to small-budget items such as paper towels, the price elasticity of demand for big-ticket items such as refrigerators is __.
选项：
A:equal
B:lower
C:very low
D:higher
答案: 【higher】
84、 问题:You would expect the price elasticity of demand for transportation generally to be:
选项：
A:less than price elasticity of the demand for bus tickets.
B:greater than price elasticity of the demand for bus tickets.
C:greater than price elasticity of the demand for bus tickets when bus tickets are expensive, but less than price elasticity of the demand for bus tickets when the prices of bus tickets fall.
D:the same as price elasticity of the demand for bus tickets.
答案: 【less than price elasticity of the demand for bus tickets.】
85、 问题:Demand tends to be __ in the short run than in the long run.
选项：
A:less elastic
B:more variable
C:less important
D:more elastic
答案: 【less elastic】
86、 问题:Suppose you have one hour to catch a flight to Miami for spring break, and it takes 45 minutes to drive to the airport. Your car is almost out of gas and the price of gas at the closest gas station is higher than at other gas stations that are much farther away. To you, the price elasticity of demand for gas is likely to be __ than it would be if you had several hours before the flight.
选项：
A:higher
B:lower
C:no different
D:more variable
答案: 【lower】
87、 问题:The reason a brand name item (e.g., Tyson chicken) has a larger price elasticity than a class of items (e.g., chicken) is that:
选项：
A:the share of income spent on “chicken” is larger than spent on “Tyson Chicken”.
B:it takes a lot of time to adjust to a substitute brand of chicken.
C:there are fewer substitutes for Tyson chicken than for chicken generally.
D:there are fewer substitutes for chicken generally than for Tyson chicken.
答案: 【there are fewer substitutes for chicken generally than for Tyson chicken.】
88、 问题:Suppose that the short-run price elasticity of demand for electricity is 0.03, and the long-run price elasticity of demand is 1.2. One would classify the short-run elasticity as being _ and the long-run elasticity as being _.
选项：
A:inelastic; elastic
B:elastic; elastic
C:inelastic; unit elastic
D:elastic; inelastic
答案: 【inelastic; elastic】
89、 问题:Economists have found that the price elasticity of demand for water is higher in the summer than in the winter. Why is this likely to be so?
选项：
A:Winter is longer than summer, and price elasticity is lower over longer time horizons.
B:Summer is longer than winter, and price elasticity is higher over longer time horizons.
C:People take more vacations in the summer and so use less water at home.
D:Winter water use tends to be for necessities such as cleaning and cooking, and summer water use tends to be for both necessities and non-necessities such as gardening and recreation.
答案: 【Winter water use tends to be for necessities such as cleaning and cooking, and summer water use tends to be for both necessities and non-necessities such as gardening and recreation.】
90、 问题:If the elasticity of demand for the latest American Idol album is 1.4, this means
选项：
A:a 5% increase in the price leads to a 7% decrease in quantity demanded.
B:a 10% decrease in the price leads to a 140% increase in quantity demanded.
C:a 1% increase in the price leads to a 14% decrease in quantity demanded.
D:few substitutes for the American Idol album exist.
答案: 【a 5% increase in the price leads to a 7% decrease in quantity demanded.】
91、 问题:Suppose you learn that in 1900, households spent about 40 percent of their budget on food, and today, they spend about 10 percent of their budget of food. All else equal, this suggests that the price elasticity of demand for food:
选项：
A:is probably lower now than it was in 1900.
B:is probably negative.
C:has always been very high.
D:is probably higher now than it was in 1900.
答案: 【is probably lower now than it was in 1900.】
92、 问题:If the quantity demanded of a good is Q when the price for the good is P, the price elasticity of demand for that good at that point is:
选项：
A:(P/Q) × (1/slope)
B:(Q/P) × (1/slope)
C:Q × P × (1/slope)
D:(P/Q) × (slope)
答案: 【(P/Q) × (1/slope)】
93、 问题:If the absolute value of slope of the demand curve is 2.5, price is $6 per unit, and the quantity demanded is 8 units, then the price elasticity of demand is:
选项：
A:1.6.
B:0.3.
C:0.533.
D:1.875.
答案: 【0.3.】
94、 问题:If the absolute value of the slope of the demand curve is 0.25, price is $8 per unit, and quantity demanded is 12 units, then demand for this good is:
选项：
A:unit elastic.
B:perfectly elastic.
C:elastic.
D:inelastic.
答案: 【elastic.】
95、 问题:The following graph depicts demand.
选项：
A:2.
B:0.5.
C:1.
D:1.5.
答案: 【0.5.】
96、 问题:The following graph depicts demand.
选项：
A:5/8.
B:5/2.
C:8/5.
D:2/5.
答案: 【5/2.】
97、 问题:The following graph depicts demand.
选项：
A:inelastic.
B:unit elastic.
C:elastic.
D:perfectly elastic.
答案: 【elastic.】
98、 问题:The following graph depicts demand.
选项：
A:1/3.
B:3.
C:3/4.
D:4/3.
答案: 【4/3.】
99、 问题:The following graph depicts demand.
选项：
A:3/4.
B:3/16.
C:3/8.
D:16/3.
答案: 【3/4.】
100、 问题:The following graph depicts demand.
选项：
A:2.
B:2/5.
C:5/2.
D:1/2.
答案: 【2/5.】
101、 问题:The following graph depicts demand.
选项：
A:price inelastic.
B:perfectly price elastic.
C:unit elastic.
D:price elastic.
答案: 【price inelastic.】
102、 问题:Suppose two demand curves intersect and so have a point in common. At that point, demand shown by the steeper curve will be __ the flatter curve.
选项：
A:more elastic than
B:as elastic as
C:more likely to be unit elastic than
D:less elastic than
答案: 【less elastic than】
103、 问题:Refer to the figure below. What is the price elasticity of demand when the price of rice is $3 per pound?
选项：
A:0.67
B:0.5
C:0.75
D:2
答案: 【0.5】
104、 问题:Refer to the figure below. What is the price elasticity of demand when the price of rice is $6 per pound?
选项：
A:0.67
B:2
C:3
D:0.5
答案: 【2】
105、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The absolute value of the slope of the demand curve D1 is _, and the absolute value of the slope of demand curve D2 is _.
选项：
A:2; 1/2
B:4/5; 5/4
C:5/4; 4/5
D:1/2; 2
答案: 【2; 1/2】
106、 问题:Refer to the figure below. For demand curve D1, what is the price elasticity of demand when P = 12?
选项：
A:12
B:4
C:3
D:6
答案: 【3】
107、 问题:Refer to the figure below. When the price is equal to 8, the price elasticity of demand for the demand curve D1 is _ and for D2 the price elasticity of demand is _.
选项：
A:2; 4
B:4; 1
C:4; 4
D:1; 4
答案: 【1; 4】
108、 问题:Refer to the figure below. At P = 8 and Q = 4, D1 is _ elastic than D2, which is shown graphically as D1 being _ D2.
选项：
A:less; flatter than
B:less; steeper than
C:more; steeper than
D:more; flatter than
答案: 【less; steeper than】
109、 问题:Refer to the figure below. When P = 4, the price elasticity of demand for the demand curve D1 is _ and D2 is _.
选项：
A:2/3; 1/3
B:3; 3
C:1/3; 3
D:1/3; 2/3
答案: 【1/3; 2/3】
110、 问题:Refer to the figure below. At P = 4, how does the price elasticity of demand for D1 compare to that for D2?
选项：
A:It will be greater for D1 than for D2.
B:It will be lower for D1 than D2.
C:The price elasticity of demand for both D1 and D2 will be greater than one.
D:It will be equal for D1 and D2.
答案: 【It will be lower for D1 than D2.】
111、 问题:As one moves down along a linear demand curve (i.e., from high price, low quantity pairs to low price, high quantity pairs), demand:
选项：
A:becomes less elastic.
B:increases.
C:decreases.
D:becomes more elastic.
答案: 【becomes less elastic.】
112、 问题:On a given linear demand curve, as price increases demand becomes __
选项：
A:more variable.
B:less elastic.
C:more negative.
D:more elastic.
答案: 【more elastic.】
113、 问题:At the midpoint of a straight-line demand curve, the price elasticity of demand is:
选项：
A:equal to one.
B:zero.
C:greater than one.
D:less than one.
答案: 【equal to one.】
114、 问题:Suppose the price P on a given demand curve results in a price elasticity of demand equal to 1. Any price higher than P will lie on the _ part of the demand curve, and any price lower than P will lie on the _ part of the demand curve.
选项：
A:elastic; unit elastic
B:unit elastic; inelastic
C:inelastic; elastic
D:elastic; inelastic
答案: 【elastic; inelastic】
115、 问题:The price elasticity of demand equals 1:
选项：
A:whenever the slope of a straight-line demand curve equals zero.
B:whenever the slope of a straight-line demand curve is less than 1 in absolute value.
C:at the midpoint of a straight-line demand curve.
D:whenever the slope of a straight-line demand curve is greater than 1 in absolute value.
答案: 【at the midpoint of a straight-line demand curve.】
116、 问题:If consumers completely cease purchasing a product when its price increases by any amount, then demand is:
选项：
A:perfectly inelastic.
B:unit elastic.
C:inelastic.
D:perfectly elastic.
答案: 【perfectly elastic.】
117、 问题:If the demand curve is horizontal, then demand is:
选项：
A:perfectly elastic.
B:elastic.
C:unit elastic.
D:perfectly inelastic.
答案: 【perfectly elastic.】
118、 问题:If a demand curve is horizontal at P = $5, then the price elasticity of demand is:
选项：
A:0.2.
B:0.
C:infinite.
D:5.
答案: 【infinite.】
119、 问题:For any horizontal demand curve, the price elasticity of demand is:
选项：
A:equal to the price of the good.
B:1.
C:0.
D:infinite.
答案: 【infinite.】
120、 问题:If the percentage change in quantity demanded is zero for any percentage change in the price of the good, demand is classified as:
选项：
A:inelastic.
B:perfectly elastic.
C:perfectly inelastic.
D:unit elastic.
答案: 【perfectly inelastic.】
121、 问题:If the slope of a demand curve is infinite, then the price elasticity of demand is:
选项：
A:zero.
B:infinite.
C:equal to the price of the good.
D:one.
答案: 【zero.】
122、 问题:A demand curve that is drawn as a vertical line has a price elasticity of demand equal to:
选项：
A:1.
B:0.
C:infinity.
D:the quantity.
答案: 【0.】
123、 问题:If the demand curve for open-heart surgery is vertical for people with serious heart conditions, then the demand for open-heart surgery is __ with respect to price.
选项：
A:perfectly elastic
B:perfectly inelastic
C:inelastic
D:unit elastic
答案: 【perfectly inelastic】
124、 问题:If the demand curve for a good is a vertical line at Q = 1, then a decrease in the price of that good will:
选项：
A:increase the quantity demanded.
B:decrease the quantity demanded.
C:lead the quantity demanded to fall to zero.
D:not change the quantity demanded.
答案: 【not change the quantity demanded.】
125、 问题:A perfectly elastic demand curve has a slope of _ while a perfectly inelastic demand curve has a slope of _.
选项：
A:0; 1
B:infinity; 0
C:0; infinity
D:1; 0
答案: 【0; infinity】
126、 问题:When the price of insulin is $10, consumers demand 100 units; when the price is $15, consumers demand 100 units; and when the price is $20, consumers demand 100 units. Based on this information, the demand for insulin is:
选项：
A:elastic
B:unit elastic
C:perfectly elastic
D:perfectly inelastic
答案: 【perfectly inelastic】
127、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Let εX denote the price elasticity of demand at point X. Which of the following describes the relationship between εA, εB and εC?
选项：
A:εB> εC> εA
B:εA> εB> εC
C:εA> εC> εB
D:εC> εB> εA
答案: 【εA> εC> εB】
128、 问题:Refer to the figure below. At a price of $2, the total expenditure on lattes each hour equals:
选项：
A:$80.
B:$30.
C:$60.
D:$40.
答案: 【$60.】
129、 问题:Refer to the figure below. If the price of a latte increases from $2.00 to $2.50:
选项：
A:the change in total expenditure, if any, would depend on the supply curve.
B:total expenditure would stay the same.
C:total expenditure would increase.
D:total expenditure would decrease.
答案: 【total expenditure would decrease.】
130、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Suppose this demand curve shows the demand for lattes at a single coffee shop that charges $2.00 for a latte. If the manager wants to increase total revenue, what should the manager do?
选项：
A:Increase the price from $2.00 to $3.00.
B:Reduce the price from $2.00 to $1.00.
C:Increase the price from $2.00 to $2.50.
D:Reduce the price from $2.00 to $1.75.
答案: 【Reduce the price from $2.00 to $1.75.】
131、 问题:If demand is _ with respect to price, a price increase will _ total revenue.
选项：
A:inelastic; decrease
B:elastic; increase
C:inelastic; increase
D:unit elastic; decrease
答案: 【inelastic; increase】
132、 问题:To increase total revenue, firms with _ demand should lower price, and firms with _ demand should increase price.
选项：
A:inelastic; elastic
B:elastic; unit
C:unit; inelastic
D:elastic; inelastic
答案: 【elastic; inelastic】
133、 问题:A firm that produces a good with many substitutes will most likely find that:
选项：
A:lowering its price will not affect total revenue.
B:lowering its price will increase total revenue.
C:lowering its price will decrease total revenue.
D:raising its price will increase total revenue.
答案: 【lowering its price will increase total revenue.】
134、 问题:Which of the following determines whether a firm will earn higher revenues when it raises its price?
选项：
A:Government regulation of the industry.
B:The price elasticity of demand.
C:The cost of the firm’s inputs.
D:None of the above, because companies always earn higher revenues when they increase price.
答案: 【The price elasticity of demand.】
135、 问题:Suppose that a new drug has been approved to treat a life-threatening disease. The demand for that drug is shown on the graph below. Prior to approval of this drug, the only treatment for this condition was any one of several non-prescription, or over-the-counter, pain relievers. The demand for one brand of the several non-prescription pain relievers is also shown on the graph.
选项：
A:the vertical line at 100; the line labeled A
B:the horizontal line at $60; the line labeled B
C:the line labeled A; the line labeled B
D:the line labeled B; the line labeled A
答案: 【the line labeled A; the line labeled B】
136、 问题:Suppose that a new drug has been approved to treat a life-threatening disease. The demand for that drug is shown on the graph below. Prior to approval of this drug, the only treatment for this condition was any one of several non-prescription, or over-the-counter, pain relievers. The demand for one brand of the several non-prescription pain relievers is also shown on the graph.
选项：
A:less than
B:the reciprocal of
C:greater than
D:the same as
答案: 【less than】
137、 问题:Suppose that a new drug has been approved to treat a life-threatening disease. The demand for that drug is shown on the graph below. Prior to approval of this drug, the only treatment for this condition was any one of several non-prescription, or over-the-counter, pain relievers. The demand for one brand of the several non-prescription pain relievers is also shown on the graph.
选项：
A:experience no change in
B:experience an uncertain change in
C:decrease
D:increase
答案: 【increase】
138、 问题:Suppose that a new drug has been approved to treat a life-threatening disease. The demand for that drug is shown on the graph below. Prior to approval of this drug, the only treatment for this condition was any one of several non-prescription, or over-the-counter, pain relievers. The demand for one brand of the several non-prescription pain relievers is also shown on the graph.
选项：
A:experience no change in
B:increase
C:experience an uncertain change in
D:decrease
答案: 【experience an uncertain change in】
139、 问题:Suppose that a new drug has been approved to treat a life-threatening disease. The demand for that drug is shown on the graph below. Prior to approval of this drug, the only treatment for this condition was any one of several non-prescription, or over-the-counter, pain relievers. The demand for one brand of the several non-prescription pain relievers is also shown on the graph.
选项：
A:the over-the-counter pain reliever has many substitutes, but the new drug does not.
B:one market is in equilibrium and the other is not.
C:one drug is heavily regulated by the Food and Drug Administration and the other is not.
D:one drug is new on the market, but the other has been available for a long time.
答案: 【the over-the-counter pain reliever has many substitutes, but the new drug does not.】
140、 问题:Suppose that a new drug has been approved to treat a life-threatening disease. The demand for that drug is shown on the graph below. Prior to approval of this drug, the only treatment for this condition was any one of several non-prescription, or over-the-counter, pain relievers. The demand for one brand of the several non-prescription pain relievers is also shown on the graph.
选项：
A:fewer; lower
B:fewer; higher
C:more; higher
D:more; lower
答案: 【fewer; higher】
141、 问题:Suppose that a new drug has been approved to treat a life-threatening disease. The demand for that drug is shown on the graph below. Prior to approval of this drug, the only treatment for this condition was any one of several non-prescription, or over-the-counter, pain relievers. The demand for one brand of the several non-prescription pain relievers is also shown on the graph.
选项：
A:fewer; higher
B:more; lower
C:fewer; lower
D:more; higher
答案: 【fewer; lower】
142、 问题:If the San Diego Opera decreases the price of their opera tickets and their total revenue falls, then this suggests that, at the original price, the demand for tickets to the San Diego Opera was:
选项：
A:either elastic or inelastic.
B:elastic.
C:unit elastic.
D:inelastic.
答案: 【inelastic.】
143、 问题:Pepsi One is a close substitute for Diet Coke. When Pepsi introduced Pepsi One, the price elasticity of demand for Diet Coke _ and Coke’s ability to raise revenues through price increases _.
选项：
A:decreased; was reduced
B:had no effect; was reduced
C:increased; increased
D:increased; was reduced
答案: 【increased; was reduced】
144、 问题:When Taylor raised the price of earrings at Taylor’s Boutique, her total revenue from selling earrings increased. This suggests that:
选项：
A:there are many other boutiques competing with Taylor.
B:the demand for Taylor’s earrings at the original price was inelastic.
C:there was excess demand for earrings at the original price.
D:the demand for Taylor’s earrings at the original price was elastic.
答案: 【the demand for Taylor’s earrings at the original price was inelastic.】
145、 问题:The owner of a pizza shop observes that when she raises the price of a large pizza, her total revenue decreases, and when she lowers the price of a large pizza, her total revenue increases. This suggests that:
选项：
A:pizza lovers act irrationally.
B:the demand for her large pizzas is elastic with respect to price.
C:the demand for her large pizzas is inelastic with respect to price.
D:there are few good substitutes for a large pizza.
答案: 【the demand for her large pizzas is elastic with respect to price.】
146、 问题:When Joe’s Gas raises its price for regular unleaded gasoline, total revenue from regular unleaded gas falls to zero. It must be the case that
选项：
A:the demand for Joe’s regular unleaded is inelastic.
B:the demand for Joe’s regular unleaded gasoline is perfectly elastic.
C:consumers are switching to premium grades of gasoline.
D:there are not many good substitutes for Joe’s regular unleaded gasoline.
答案: 【the demand for Joe’s regular unleaded gasoline is perfectly elastic.】
147、 问题:If the demand for electricity is inelastic, then if the local utility wants to increase its total revenue, it should __ its price.
选项：
A:lower
B:frequently change
C:raise
D:not change
答案: 【raise】
第五讲 需求 课后测验5
小提示:本节包含奇怪的同名章节内容
1、 问题:Growing rice requires extensive irrigation in California. Economists consider water to be a (n) for rice farmers in California.
选项：
A:inferior good
B:luxury
C:need
D:want
答案: 【want】
2、 问题:According to economists, the satisfaction people get from their consumption activities is called:
选项：
A:a want.
B:utility.
C:demand.
D:a need.
答案: 【utility.】
3、 问题:The goal of utility maximization is to allocate your _ in order to maximize your _.
选项：
A:resources; desires
B:resources; satisfaction
C:time; work
D:utility; spending
答案: 【resources; satisfaction】
4、 问题:During Thanksgiving you participated in a pumpkin-pie eating contest. You really enjoyed the first two pies, the third one was okay, but as soon as you ate the fourth one you became ill and lost the contest. Your total utility __ with the first three pies you ate.
选项：
A:stayed the same
B:increased
C:decreased
D:first increased than decreased
答案: 【increased】
5、 问题:During Thanksgiving you participated in a pumpkin-pie eating contest. You really enjoyed the first two pies, the third one was okay, but as soon as you ate the fourth one you became ill and lost the contest. After the third pie, your total utility
选项：
A:stayed the same.
B:increased, but by less than for the first three pies.
C:was zero.
D:decreased.
答案: 【decreased.】
6、 问题:During Thanksgiving you participated in a pumpkin-pie eating contest. You really enjoyed the first two pies, the third one was okay, but as soon as you ate the fourth one you became ill and lost the contest. You got __ utility from eating the first pie than from eating the third pie.
选项：
A:less variable
B:the same amount of
C:less
D:more
答案: 【more】
7、 问题:During Thanksgiving you participated in a pumpkin-pie eating contest. You really enjoyed the first two pies, the third one was okay, but as soon as you ate the fourth one you became ill and lost the contest. You got __ utility from eating the fourth pie than from eating the second pie.
选项：
A:less
B:the same amount of
C:less variable
D:more
答案: 【less】
8、 问题:Sven likes to water ski, but can only water ski during the one week each year when he is on vacation. Therefore, he plans to ski every day, for eight hours a day. The first day, Sven skied for eight hours and enjoyed every hour. The second day, Sven slept in and then skied for seven hours, which was fun but not as much fun as the first day. The third day, Sven skied for six hours, but was starting to get a bit bored by the end. The fourth day, Sven skied for four hours and then took a nap. On the fifth day of Sven’s vacation, Sven went blueberry picking all day. Sven’s total utility __ with each hour that he skied.
选项：
A:increased
B:remained constant
C:first increased than decreased
D:decreased
答案: 【increased】
9、 问题:Sven likes to water ski, but can only water ski during the one week each year when he is on vacation. Therefore, he plans to ski every day, for eight hours a day. The first day, Sven skied for eight hours and enjoyed every hour. The second day, Sven slept in and then skied for seven hours, which was fun but not as much fun as the first day. The third day, Sven skied for six hours, but was starting to get a bit bored by the end. The fourth day, Sven skied for four hours and then took a nap. On the fifth day of Sven’s vacation, Sven went blueberry picking all day. On the fifth day of Sven’s vacation, he had decided that another hour of skiing would yield:
选项：
A:more utility than blueberry picking.
B:less utility than blueberry picking.
C:the same level of utility as the day before.
D:no utility at all.
答案: 【less utility than blueberry picking.】
10、 问题:Sven likes to water ski, but can only water ski during the one week each year when he is on vacation. Therefore, he plans to ski every day, for eight hours a day. The first day, Sven skied for eight hours and enjoyed every hour. The second day, Sven slept in and then skied for seven hours, which was fun but not as much fun as the first day. The third day, Sven skied for six hours, but was starting to get a bit bored by the end. The fourth day, Sven skied for four hours and then took a nap. On the fifth day of Sven’s vacation, Sven went blueberry picking all day. Sven’s marginal utility from his first hour of skiing was __ his marginal utility from his tenth hour of skiing.
选项：
A:the same as
B:less than
C:more negative
D:greater than
答案: 【greater than】
11、 问题:Sven likes to water ski, but can only water ski during the one week each year when he is on vacation. Therefore, he plans to ski every day, for eight hours a day. The first day, Sven skied for eight hours and enjoyed every hour. The second day, Sven slept in and then skied for seven hours, which was fun but not as much fun as the first day. The third day, Sven skied for six hours, but was starting to get a bit bored by the end. The fourth day, Sven skied for four hours and then took a nap. On the fifth day of Sven’s vacation, Sven went blueberry picking all day. Sven’s vacation convinced him that:
选项：
A:economic theory applies to things you buy, but not to recreational activities.
B:blueberry picking yields higher total utility than does water skiing.
C:even for activities he really enjoys, diminishing marginal utility eventually sets in.
D:even for activities he really enjoys, total utility declines over time.
答案: 【even for activities he really enjoys, diminishing marginal utility eventually sets in.】
12、 问题:The additional utility gained from consuming an additional unit of a good is called:
选项：
A:marginal utility
B:an util
C:costly utility
D:total utility
答案: 【marginal utility】
13、 问题:Pat’s total utility after eating 99 Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups was greater than his total utility after eating 100 Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups. Therefore, Pat’s marginal utility from the 100th peanut butter cup was:
选项：
A:zero.
B:positive, but less than one.
C:positive, but less than his marginal utility for the 99th peanut butter cup.
D:negative.
答案: 【negative.】
14、 问题:The term marginal utility denotes the amount by which _ changes when consumption changes by _ unit(s).
选项：
A:total utility; 1
B:demand; 10
C:total utility; 10
D:demand; 1
答案: 【total utility; 1】
15、 问题:As Lynn eats more pizza, we would typically expect her marginal utility from eating pizza to:
选项：
A:equal the price of pizza.
B:increase.
C:stay the same.
D:decrease.
答案: 【decrease.】
16、 问题:Laura’s total utility from consuming 8, 9, and 10 bonbons is 35, 42, and 45, respectively. Her marginal utility from the 9th bonbon is
选项：
A:7.
B:4.67.
C:42.
D:77.
答案: 【7.】
17、 问题:Suppose Chris’s marginal utility from the first taco he eats is 15, and his marginal utility from the second taco he eats is 12. One can infer that:
选项：
A:Chris should eat two tacos.
B:Chris’s total utility from eating two tacos is 27.
C:Chris’s average utility from eating two tacos is 27.
D:Chris should eat one taco.
答案: 【Chris’s total utility from eating two tacos is 27.】
18、 问题:If marginal utility is positive, then as consumption increases:
选项：
A:the consumer will not experience diminishing marginal utility.
B:total utility will increase.
C:total utility will not change.
D:the demand curve will have a positive slope.
答案: 【total utility will increase.】
19、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The total utility of consuming 4 pizzas a week is:
选项：
A:90
B:15
C:75
D:22.5
答案: 【90】
20、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The marginal utility of the 6th pizza is:
选项：
A:17.5
B:5
C:95
D:100
答案: 【5】
21、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The total utility of consuming two pizzas a week is:
选项：
A:25
B:75
C:30
D:55
答案: 【25】
22、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The marginal utility of the 7th pizza is
选项：
A:-100.
B:5.
C:100.
D:-5.
答案: 【-5.】
23、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Total utility increases with each additional pizza up to the _ and then declines, but marginal utility _ with each additional pizza consumed.
选项：
A:6th pizza; increases
B:6th pizza; decreases
C:5th pizza; stays the same
D:7th pizza; increases
答案: 【6th pizza; decreases】
24、 问题:Donald has vast riches and consumes thousands of dollars’ worth of consumer goods each week, yet he is never satisfied. Why not?
选项：
A:Donald fails to choose rationally.
B:Utility is unrelated to the level of consumption.
C:People’s wants are unlimited.
D:The law of diminishing marginal utility shows that consuming too many material goods lowers total utility.
答案: 【People’s wants are unlimited.】
25、 问题:It is impossible for total utility to be _ when marginal utility is _.
选项：
A:increasing; increasing
B:increasing; decreasing
C:decreasing; positive
D:positive; negative
答案: 【decreasing; positive】
26、 问题:For Michael, the first cup of coffee he drinks every morning is heavenly. The second one is pretty good, but not as good as the first, and if he drinks a third cup he feels jittery and sick. For Michael, the marginal utility from drinking a cup of coffee is clearly:
选项：
A:negative.
B:positive.
C:decreasing.
D:increasing.
答案: 【decreasing.】
27、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The total utility of consuming two dinners out per week is:
选项：
A:175.
B:160.
C:75.
D:less than 100.
答案: 【175.】
28、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The marginal utility of the 3rd dinner is
选项：
A:75.
B:160.
C:135.
D:60.
答案: 【60.】
29、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The marginal utility of the 4th dinner out per week is
选项：
A:250.
B:15.
C:60.
D:75.
答案: 【15.】
30、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The marginal utility of consuming the 2nd apple is:
选项：
A:15
B:10
C:20
D:35
答案: 【15】
31、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The marginal utility of apples is:
选项：
A:decreasing after the first apple.
B:constantly increasing.
C:constant.
D:first increasing, but decreasing after the fourth apple.
答案: 【decreasing after the first apple.】
32、 问题:Refer to the figure below. The marginal utility of the 5th apple is:
选项：
A:45
B:5
C:-5
D:0
答案: 【-5】
33、 问题:Refer to the figure below. Total utility _ as additional apples are consumed, but marginal utility _ with each additional apple consumed.
选项：
A:first increases then decreases; decreases
B:first decreases then increases; decreases
C:first decreases then increases; increases
D:first increases then decreases; increases
答案: 【first increases then decreases; decreases】
34、 问题:If Terry’s total utility is maximized when he owns 10 pairs of shoes, then Terry’s total utility from owning 7 pairs of shoes is __ Terry’s total utility from owning 8 pairs.
选项：
A:equal to
B:greater than
C:less than
D:less than or equal to
答案: 【less than】
35、 问题:The tendency for marginal utility to decline as consumption increases beyond some point is called:
选项：
A:the law of diminishing marginal utility
B:the law of demand
C:the rational spending rule
D:utility maximization
答案: 【the law of diminishing marginal utility】
36、 问题:If the marginal utility of the 3rd cup of coffee is 23 and the marginal utility of the 4th cup is 15, then:
选项：
A:there is evidence of diminishing marginal utility.
B:it is optimal for the consumer to have 3 cups of coffee.
C:the price of a cup of coffee must be relatively low.
D:it is optimal for the consumer to have 4 cups of coffee.
答案: 【there is evidence of diminishing marginal utility.】
37、 问题:According to the law of diminishing marginal utility:
选项：
A:as you consume less of something, your marginal utility from consuming that good will increase.
B:you should never consume more of something if your marginal utility is decreasing.
C:if your total utility is increasing as you consume more of something, then your marginal utility must be increasing as well.
D:as you consume less of something, your total utility will decrease.
答案: 【as you consume less of something, your marginal utility from consuming that good will increase.】
38、 问题:Cory gets 18, 23, and 25 units worth of total utility from consuming 10, 11, and 12 raw oysters, respectively, and the price per oyster is 25 cents. Thus, one can infer that Cory:
选项：
A:has consumed too many oysters.
B:is not maximizing his utility.
C:should not consume any more oysters.
D:is experiencing diminishing marginal utility.
答案: 【is experiencing diminishing marginal utility.】
39、 问题:Refer to the figure below. As Jeff watches more movies, his marginal utility:
选项：
A:gets smaller
B:gets close to one
C:gets larger
D:does not change
答案: 【gets smaller】
40、 问题:Refer to the figure below. When Jeff goes from watching 3 to 4 movies a day, his total utility:
选项：
A:does not change.
B:increases.
C:decreases.
D:gets close to zero.
答案: 【increases.】
41、 问题:Refer to the figure below. For Jeff, the consumption of movies reflects the law of:
选项：
A:demand.
B:diminishing marginal utility.
C:marginal utility maximization.
D:total utility maximization.
答案: 【diminishing marginal utility.】
42、 问题:Assume that Dusty has $30 in income, the price of a loaf of bread is $1.50, and the price of a jar of peanut butter is $3. Dusty can buy a maximum of _ loaves of bread or a maximum of _ jars of peanut butter.
选项：
A:15; 15
B:10; 5
C:10; 20
D:20; 10
答案: 【20; 10】
43、 问题:Assume that Dusty has $30 in income, the price of a loaf of bread is $1.50, and the price of a jar of peanut butter is $3. If Dusty’s income rises to $45, Dusty can now buy a maximum of _ loaves of bread or a maximum of _ jars of peanut butter.
选项：
A:10; 40
B:30; 15
C:5; 25
D:15; 30
答案: 【30; 15】
44、 问题:Assume that Dusty has $30 in income, the price of a loaf of bread is $1.50, and the price of a jar of peanut butter is $3. At the original income of $30, if the price of a loaf of bread decreased to $1 and the price of a jar of peanut butter increased to $5, then Dusty could buy a maximum of _ loaves of bread or a maximum of _ jars of peanut butter.
选项：
A:5; 20
B:20; 5
C:6; 30
D:30; 6
答案: 【30; 6】
45、 问题:Assume that Dusty has $30 in income, the price of a loaf of bread is $1.50, and the price of a jar of peanut butter is $3. Suppose that at the original income of $30, the price of a loaf of bread increased to $3 and the price of a jar of peanut butter decreased to $2. Dusty can buy a maximum of _ loaves of bread or a maximum of _ jars of peanut butter.
选项：
A:10; 15
B:15; 20
C:20; 15
D:15; 10
答案: 【10; 15】
46、 问题:Casey earns $150 a week and consumes only fish and shrimp. The price of fish is $3 a pound and the price of shrimp is $5 a pound. Casey can buy a maximum of _ pounds of fish or a maximum of _ pounds of shrimp.
选项：
A:30; 50
B:15; 30
C:30; 15
D:50; 30
答案: 【50; 30】
47、 问题:Casey earns $150 a week and consumes only fish and shrimp. The price of fish is $3 a pound and the price of shrimp is $5 a pound. If Casey’s income rises to $210, he could buy a maximum of _ pounds of fish or a maximum of _ pounds of shrimp.
选项：
A:70; 42
B:30; 24
C:42; 70
D:24; 30
答案: 【70; 42】
48、 问题:Casey earns $150 a week and consumes only fish and shrimp. The price of fish is $3 a pound and the price of shrimp is $5 a pound. Suppose the price of fish decreased to $1.50 a pound, and the price of shrimp remains $5 a pound. At Casey’s original income of $150 per week, Casey can now buy a maximum of _ pounds fish or a maximum of _ pounds shrimp.
选项：
A:10; 30
B:100; 30
C:30; 50
D:30; 100
答案: 【100; 30】
49、 问题:The __ combination of goods is combination that yields the highest total utility given a consumer’s income.
选项：
A:optimal
B:utility satiating
C:economical
D:affordable
答案: 【optimal】
50、 问题:At his current level of consumption, Evan gets twice as much marginal utility from an additional bottle of water as that from an additional bottle of soda. If the price of soda is $1.00 per bottle, then Evan is maximizing utility if the price of a bottle of water is:
选项：
A:$2.00
B:$.50
C:$1.00
D:$1.50
答案: 【$2.00】
本文章不含期末不含主观题！！
本文章不含期末不含主观题！！
支付后可长期查看
有疑问请添加客服QQ 2356025045反馈
如遇卡顿看不了请换个浏览器即可打开
请看清楚了再购买哦，电子资源购买后不支持退款哦