2021 经济学原理(广东外语外贸大学) 最新满分章节测试答案

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本课程起止时间为:2021-09-11到2022-01-14
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Chapter 1 Ten Principles of Economics After-chapter Test

1、 问题:Resources are
选项：
A:scarce for households but plentiful for economies.
B:.plentiful for households but scarce for economies.
C:scarce for households and scarce for economies.
D:plentiful for households and plentiful for economies.
答案: 【scarce for households and scarce for economies.】

2、 问题:Which of the following is correct?
选项：
A:The word economy comes from the Greek word for “rational thinker.”
B:Economists study the management of scarce resources.
C:Because economists believe that people pursue their best interests, they are not interested in how people interact.
D:All of the above are correct.
答案: 【Economists study the management of scarce resources.】

3、 问题: Approximately what percentage of the world’s economies experience scarcity?
选项：
A:10%
B:40%
C:85%
D:100%
答案: 【100%】

4、 问题:John is an athlete. He has $120 to spend and wants to buy either a heart rate monitor or new running shoes. Both the heart rate monitor and running shoes cost $120, so he can only buy one. This illustrates the principle that
选项：
A:trade can make everyone better off.
B:people face trade-offs.
C:rational people think at the margin.
D:people respond to incentives.
答案: 【people face trade-offs.】

5、 问题:A typical society strives to get the most it can from its scarce resources. At the same time, the society attempts to distribute the benefits of those resources to the members of the society in a fair manner. In other words, the society faces a tradeoff between
选项：
A:guns and butter.
B:efficiency and equality.
C:inflation and unemployment.
D:work and leisure.
答案: 【efficiency and equality.】

6、 问题:Suppose that you have received $300 as a birthday gift. You can spend it today or you can put the money in a bank account for a year and earn 5 percent interest. The opportunity cost of spending the money today, in terms of what you could have after one year, is
选项：
A:$0.
B:$15.
C:$305.
D:$315.
答案: 【$315.】

7、 问题:Rational people make decisions “at the margin” by comparing
选项：
A:average costs and benefits.
B:total costs and benefits.
C:additional costs and benefits.
D:opportunity costs and benefits.
答案: 【additional costs and benefits.】

8、 问题:After much consideration, you have chosen Ireland over Spain for your Study Abroad program next year. However, the deadline for your final decision is still months away and you may reverse this decision. Which of the following events would prompt you to reverse this decision?
选项：
A:The marginal benefit of going to Spain increases.
B:The marginal cost of going to Spain increases.
C:The marginal benefit of going to Ireland increases.
D:The marginal cost of going to Ireland decreases.
答案: 【The marginal benefit of going to Spain increases.】

9、 问题:Suppose a typical worker in India can produce 32 units of product in an eight-hour day, while a typical worker in Bangladesh can produce 30 units of product in a 10-hour day. We can conclude that
选项：
A:worker productivity in Bangladesh is higher than in India.
B:the standard of living will likely be higher in India than in Bangladesh.
C:productivity is 4 units per hour for the worker in Bangladesh and 3 units per hour for the worker in India.
D:there will be no difference between the standard of living in India and Bangladesh.
答案: 【the standard of living will likely be higher in India than in Bangladesh.】

10、 问题:Which of the following would a permanent increase in the growth rate of the money supply change permanently?
选项：
A:inflation
B:unemployment
C:both inflation and unemployment
D:neither inflation nor unemployment
答案: 【inflation】

Chapter 2 Thinking Like an Economics After-chapter Test

1、 问题:Economists, like mathematicians, physicists, and biologists,
选项：
A:make use of the scientific method.
B:try to address their subject with a scientist’s objectivity.
C:devise theories, collect data, and then analyze these data in an attempt to verify or refute their theories.
D:All of the above are correct.
答案: 【All of the above are correct.】

2、 问题:The goal of an economist who formulates new theories is to
选项：
A:provide an interesting framework of analysis, whether or not the framework turns out to be of much use in understanding how the world works.
B:provoke stimulating debate in scientific journals.
C:contribute to an understanding of how the world works.
D:demonstrate that economists, like other scientists, can formulate testable theories
答案: 【contribute to an understanding of how the world works.】

3、 问题:Which of the following statements applies to economics, as well as to other sciences such as physics?
选项：
A:Experiments are considered valid only when they are conducted in a laboratory.
B:Good theories do not need to be tested.
C:Real-world observations often lead to theories.
D:Economics, as well as other sciences, is concerned primarily with abstract concepts.
答案: 【Real-world observations often lead to theories.】

4、 问题:Which of the following statements is correct?
选项：
A:Economists almost always find it easy to conduct experiments in order to test their theories.
B:Economics is not a true science because economists are not usually allowed to conduct experiments to test their theories.
C: Economics is a social science rather than a true science because it cannot employ the scientific method.
D:Economists are usually not able to conduct experiments, so they must rely on natural experiments offered by history.
答案: 【Economists are usually not able to conduct experiments, so they must rely on natural experiments offered by history.】

5、 问题:The art in scientific thinking — whether in chemistry, economics, or biology — is
选项：
A:the design and implementation of laboratory experiments.
B:knowing when to stop collecting data and when to start analyzing the data.
C:deciding which assumptions to make.
D:being able to mathematically model natural phenomena.
答案: 【deciding which assumptions to make.】

6、 问题:In the circular-flow diagram, which of the following is not a factor of production?
选项：
A:labor
B:land
C:capital
D:money
答案: 【money】

7、 问题: In the circular-flow diagram, which of the following items flows from firms to households through the markets for goods and services?
选项：
A:goods and services
B:dollars paid to land, labor, and capital
C:dollars spent on goods and services
D:wages, rent, and profit
答案: 【goods and services】

8、 问题:A model that shows how dollars flow through markets among households and firms is called the
选项：
A:production possibilities frontier.
B:circular-flow diagram.
C:demand and supply diagram.
D:comparative advantage model.
答案: 【circular-flow diagram.】

9、 问题:In the simple circular-flow diagram,
选项：
A:households own the factors of production.
B:households buy all the goods and services that firms produce.
C:land, labor, and capital flow from households to firms.
D:All of the above are correct.
答案: 【All of the above are correct.】

10、 问题:A production possibilities frontier can shift outward if
选项：
A:government increases the amount of money in the economy.
B: there is a technological improvement.
C:resources are shifted from the production of one good to the production of the other good.
D:the economy abandons inefficient production methods in favor of efficient production methods.
答案: 【 there is a technological improvement.】

11、 问题: Suppose an economy only produces two goods, robots and ice cream. Last month, the economy produced 10 robots and 200 gallons of ice cream. This month, the same economy produced 15 robots and 240 gallons of ice cream. Which of the following statements could explain this change?
选项：
A:This month, the economy reduced the unemployment of its resources.
B:This month, the economy experienced an improvement in technology.
C:This month, the economy experienced an increase in resources
D:All of the above are correct.
答案: 【All of the above are correct.】

12、 问题:Suppose an economy only produces two goods, robots and ice cream. Last month, the economy produced 10 robots and 200 gallons of ice cream. This month, the same economy produced 15 robots and 240 gallons of ice cream. Which of the following statements could explain this change?
选项：
A:This month, the economy reduced the unemployment of its resources.
B:This month, the economy experienced an improvement in technology.
C:This month, the economy experienced an increase in resources
D:All of the above are correct.
答案: 【All of the above are correct.】

13、 问题:One way to characterize the difference between positive statements and normative statements is as follows:
选项：
A:Positive statements tend to reflect optimism about the economy and its future, whereas normative statements tend to reflect pessimism about the economy and its future.
B:Positive statements offer descriptions of the way things are, whereas normative statements offer opinions on how things ought to be.